建筑設計：同濟大學建筑設計研究院（集團）有限公司原作設計工作室

Architects: Original Design Studio, Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd.

還江于民——突破用地和建筑規(guī)范極限的黃浦江畔生態(tài)綜合體

在產業(yè)結構從制造經濟向服務經濟轉型的后工業(yè)社會背景下，城市公共空間衰落的困境、社會和時代的媒體化表征都對公共建筑和公共空間提出了使用及品質的全新訴求。人們與公共建筑以及公共空間的關系也不再是一種必要性關聯(lián)，而轉變?yōu)槟撤N基于吸引力的選擇性鏈接。綠之丘的設計通過重新理解信息時代公共建筑及公共空間中的公共性，分別在回應性、容差性、成長性修正的路徑上探索，工業(yè)建筑向包含市政基礎設施的公共建筑轉型的可能性，以期為公共建成環(huán)境再造提供可資借鑒的策略。

綠之丘位于5.5km長的楊浦濱江南段公共空間貫通帶上，由于城市道路規(guī)劃的原因，原上海煙草公司機修倉庫的舊建筑本應被拆除，如今由于建筑師的智慧和推動成為一座集城市公共交通、公園綠地、公共服務于一身的綜合體，被綠色植被覆蓋，連通城市與江岸。

綠之丘對于公共空間的營造規(guī)避了近年來絕大多數(shù)中國式公共空間的“功能性焦慮”和“解釋性焦慮”，它沒有過度強調明確的功能使用，也沒有成為公眾教育的“教科書”，而是讓老百姓閑適而漫無目的地在其中徜徉，感受生活中的美好，也體現(xiàn)了上海這座城市的開放性和包容性。

它在多個層面上具有實驗性：通過打破建筑底層中間兩跨，規(guī)劃道路得以下穿，突破了傳統(tǒng)的土地使用模式，使得老廠房得以保留；通過在建筑北部搭建坡道，與建筑相銜接，形成了從城市腹地到濱江的漫游路徑，打通了城市與江岸的阻隔；通過切削建筑的南北方向，形成臺地花園，減弱建筑龐大體量對江岸和城市的壓迫感，從而在物理上打開一個城市，使生活在其中的人們獲得更加復雜與豐富的經歷，獲得更多開放的、意料之外的機會。

（1）一個準備被拆除的工業(yè)建筑

綠之丘原先是上海煙草公司的機修倉庫，是一座建于1996年的6層鋼筋混凝土廠房，由于規(guī)劃道路安浦路橫切過建筑而面臨拆除的命運。設計巧妙利用建筑一層層高7m、柱跨凈距超過4m的條件，使得道路下穿成為可能，既保留了建筑，又突破了用地權屬的單一，實現(xiàn)了使用權的垂直劃分。

（2）一座被切削出來的山丘

綠之丘曾是一座高30m、寬40m、長近100m的方正敦實體量，它橫亙在楊浦濱江邊，離水岸只有大約10m，對濱江岸線造成巨大的壓迫感，也阻隔了城市到江岸的聯(lián)通。將建筑的第6層整體拆除，面向西南方向做斜向切削，削弱建筑對濱水空間的影響，形成臺地式景觀平臺，在面向城市的東北方向也進行了斜向切削，形成引導城市空間向濱水延伸的態(tài)勢。人們由楊樹浦路的緩坡上到建筑二層，漫游至濱江，形成一個活躍的間層空間。

（3）不僅是建筑，更是一座城市公園

從頂視圖來看，建筑消融于周邊的公園綠地中，從楊樹浦路蜿蜒而上的草坡、建筑切削出的臺地式平臺以及屋頂花園都遍布綠植，建筑的外立面也裹覆著垂直綠化，這是一座立體的上下通透的城市公園。

（4）上海獨一無二的綜合體

綠之丘是一座集基礎設施、公共服務、公園綠地于一身、被綠色植被覆蓋、連通城市與江岸的綜合體。它突破了地塊使用性質的單一，實現(xiàn)了市政和民用建筑的高度混合，達到了技術體的再自然化，通過單體建筑將江岸及其城市腹地相連，還江于民，成為上海一座獨一無二的綜合體。

在構畫上述概念的基礎之上，綠之丘為了實現(xiàn)濱江的通透感，采用保留結構框架，剝除外表皮，以內置功能體來靈活滿足使用需求的策略，這些內置的小盒子之間有著或緊密或松散的狀態(tài)，在原先均質化的網格體系中增加了新的張力，呈現(xiàn)出一種結構框架的剛性與功能嵌入體的柔性相結合的狀態(tài)。

設計采取了由鋼拉索同爬藤植物相組合的垂直綠化索網體系取代原有墻體，一方面通過垂直綠化的設置將底層服務、二層跨越式交通和上層各活動區(qū)的內部狀態(tài)以一種若隱若現(xiàn)的方式外化出來。另一方面也阻擋了來自外部城市道路的干擾以及西側強烈的日照，以此通過垂直綠化實現(xiàn)技術綜合體再自然化。

為了實現(xiàn)城市與江岸自由的銜接，整座建筑還通過城市道路、坡道、樓梯、雙螺旋中庭等多種交通空間在不同高度、不同方向上進行連接。多種交通體系完成彌漫式探索，讓人們能自由地在空間中游走與探索。

綠之丘是對于現(xiàn)有城市規(guī)劃格網化體系的一種修正，強調空間的連續(xù)性，強調不只是形態(tài)上的、可能還有社會生活的某種融合，成為社交媒體上的寵兒。它在垂直和水平層面上的綠植系統(tǒng)更是一種對城市山林的建構，在某種程度上表現(xiàn)出了“心向自然”的社會審美趨勢。

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: 上海市楊浦區(qū)楊樹浦路1500號/No.1500 Yang Shupu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai

建筑用途/Types of Uses within the Building: 基礎設施，辦公，展覽，零售，城市公共空間/Infrastructure, Office,Exhibition Space, Retail Space, Urban Public Space

項目主管/Project Leader: 章明，張姿/ZHANG Ming, ZHANG Zi

主創(chuàng)建筑師/Leading Architect: 秦曙/ QIN Shu

設計團隊/Design Team：陶妮娜，陳波，羅銳，李雪峰，孫嘉龍，李晶晶，羊青園，余點（實習），張奕晨（實習），朱承哲（實習）/TAO Nina, CHEN Bo, LUO Rui, LI Xuefeng, SUN Jialong, LI Jingjing, YANG Qingyuan,YU Dian (Intern), ZHANG Yichen (Intern), ZHU Chengzhe(Intern)

場地面積/Site Area: 13,702 m2

容積率/Plot Ratio: 1.0

建筑面積/Total Built-up Area: 17,678 m2

竣工時間/Completion Time: 2018.06

攝影/Photos: 章勇/ZHANG Yong

1 總平面/Site plan

2 西側鳥瞰/Aerial view from the west

3 從北側坡道看建筑外景/View from northern slope

Return the Water back to Its People: Ecological Complex at the Yangpu Waterfront by Challenging the Restrictions on Land Use and Architectural Regulations

Against the background of a post-industrial society in which industrial structure is transforming from a manufacturing economy to a service economy,the decline of urban public space, as well as the representationfeatures characteristicsof media in society and the times, have all put forward new demands on the use and quality of public buildings and public spaces. People's relationship with public buildings and public spaces is no longer a necessary connection, but has become somewhat selective link based on attraction. By re-understanding the Publicity of public buildings and public spaces in the information age, this project separately explicates the attempts of modified path in three aspects: responsiveness,growth, and tolerance, which were explored in the Reconstruction Project of Yangpu Waterfront Green Hills in order to provide a reference strategy for the regeneration of the Urban Built Environment.

Situated in the middle of the 5.5-kilometrelong Southern Yangpu Waterfront Public Space,the Green Hill is a complex consisted of public transportation, urban infrastructure, office,exhibition hall, coffee shop and urban park. The former mechanical warehouse of Shanghai Tobacco Co., Ltd. was doomed to be dismantled, but now it is covered with green plants and connects the waterfront with its urban hinterland.

The public space shaped by the Green Hill project avoids the "functional anxiety" and"explanatory anxiety" in most of the Chinese public space during recent years. It doesn't overemphasise on any specific function, nor does it attempt to"educate" the public. Rather, it allows people to aimlessly wander around, enjoying the boringness but also happiness in life. The design demonstrates the openness and comprehensiveness of Shanghai.

The Green Hill project is a multi-faceted experimentation. The building is preserved by taking away the walls of the two central spans at the ground floor and letting the planned road pass underneath, thus challenging the traditional land use for infrastructure. It breaks the barrier between the waterfront and its hinterland by setting up a slope extending from the architecture to the road in the north, forming a wandering path from the city to the waterfront. It opens up the city to the river by cutting off part of the building, reducing its oppression to the waterfront and shaping layered setback platforms. The project thus provides people with affluent and sensitive experiences as well as open and unexpected opportunities.

(1) An Industrial Building Supposed to Be Dismantled

Formerly as the mechanical warehouse built in 1996 for Shanghai Tobacco Co., Ltd., the reinforcedconcrete building was supposed to be dismantled due to the planned Anpu Road traversing underneath.The design cuts a way out by correctly apprehending the structural framework at the ground level,tearing down the walls at the two middle bays of 7-metre-high and 4-metre-wide, making it possible for the road to passing through while meeting the needs of transportation and fire regulations. It thus successfully preserves the building and vertically accomplishes multiple land use.

(2) A Carved-Out Hill

The Green Hill has originally a volume of 30-metre-high, 40-metre-wide and 100-metre-long.It is located at the bank of Huangpu River in Yangpu District, merely 10 metres to the waterfront, causing a great oppressing sensation and blocking the connection from city to water. The design proposes to dismantle the entire 5th floor and cut the structure diagonally both in the southwestern and northeastern directions, forming layered setback platforms that articulate a path from Yangshupu Road at the north to the waterfront at the south.

(3) Not Only a Building, but a City Park

From above, the building is dissolved into the surrounding urban park, for it is covered with green plants all over its slope, fa?ade and layered setback platforms. It is a vertical and transparent city park.

(4) A Unique Complex in Shanghai

The Green Hill is a complex consisted of public transportation, urban infrastructure, office,exhibition hall, coffee shop and urban park. It is covered with green plants and connects the waterfront with its urban hinterland. In the Chinese situation, its uniqueness lies in its breaking the monotonous land use mode, its accomplishment in multi-function within one building, its renaturalisation through plantation and its link between the water and the city. It is the single complex that converges itself in urban life and returns the waterfront to its people.

4 改造前后南立面/Elevation to the south before and after

5 改造前后西立面/Elevation to the west before and after

6 設計過程/Design procedure

In order not to block the waterfront to its hinterland, the original building is stripped of exterior walls. Its function is achieved through the insertion of prefabricated boxes into the skeleton structure. These boxes are scattered into the even grid of the structure, creating a tense between the ordered and the chaos. The building shows us a mixture of stiffness of structural frame and tenderness of inserted functional boxes.

The former exterior wall is replaced with vertical plantation system of steel cable and liana.On the one hand, it is intended to blurring the various interiors of the service space at the ground level, communication space at the first level and upper office and exhibition rooms. On the other hand, it also blocks the disturbance from the roads and relieves the strong sunlight to the west,to achieve the re-naturalisation of technological complex via vertical plantation.

In order to achieve the connection from the city to the waterfront, the whole building extends itself to the surroundings in various height and directions via urban road, slope, staircases and twistedspiral courtyard. A diffuse exploration of multiple transportation systems permitting people freely wander and explore public space.

The Green Hill project is an amendment to the rectangular grid system of modern urban planning. It stresses on spatial continuity not only formally, but also possible confluence with social life. Furthermore,the horizontal and vertical plantation system is a construction of urban forest. To some extent, the design articulates a social trend to "close to nature".

7 建筑的系統(tǒng)/Systems of the building

8 剖面/Section

9 從濱水步道看建筑外景/View from the waterfront pathway

10 俯瞰建筑全景/Overview

11 局部剖面/Partial section

評論

范路：位于楊浦濱江南段的“綠之丘”項目，仿佛宮崎駿動畫中的溫柔巨獸。從高處俯瞰，其巨大的身軀匍匐在江邊，隱藏在綠色外衣之下，融入江濱綠帶。自近處仰望，其規(guī)整混凝土骨架，不僅支撐起奇異的內腔空間，更述說著其前世機修倉庫的記憶。城市車流呼嘯穿透巨獸身體，也穿過轉瞬即逝的異度空間。巨獸體內的骨架看似僵硬，卻好似非物質的像素，會隨時消散。還有帶雙螺旋樓梯的中庭，它把被誘惑進來的漫游者不停地吸進吐出，并不時拋撒到綠色外衣上。人們在外衣表面探索、休憩、迷茫、無所事事、悵然有感一種溫柔，一種對于自然、歷史、城市和生活的溫柔。

周漸佳：陽臺作為一種路徑?！熬G之丘”原本是一座與規(guī)劃道路有沖突而待拆除的建筑，在建筑師的提議與改造下，道路從建筑體量中穿過，也讓建筑工業(yè)化的體量在垂直方向上被編織入城市環(huán)境。建筑在南北方向上做了一次切削，用山丘的意象明確其與黃浦江之間的關系。外表皮被剝除，主體框架結構得以保留，這也為從地面蜿蜒而上，貫穿整座建筑的步道和觀景臺系統(tǒng)提供了可能，形成了標志性的、屬于城市的“陽臺”。與突出于立面的傳統(tǒng)陽臺不同，“綠之丘”的陽臺是兩套并行的系統(tǒng)——建筑主體與立體步道相疊加的結果，因此可以被視為內部路徑向外的延伸，亦可以視為對建筑元素邊界的拓展。

12 俯瞰江景/Overlooking the river

13 綠之丘內部空間拆解圖/Kits of part of "Green Hill"

14 雙螺旋樓梯中庭/Double-spiral courtyard

15 下穿建筑的道路/Road passing underneath the building

Comments

FAN Lu: The "Green Hill" project in Southern Yangpu Waterfront Public Space looks like a gentle monster in Hayao Miyazaki's cartoon film. When viewed from high above, its gigantic body hidden under green coat lies on the riverbank and fades into the riverside greenbelt.When looked up closely, its regular reinforced concrete skeleton supports its bizarre internal cavity and its past life memories of functioning as a mechanical warehouse. The city traffic flow roars through monster's body and brings about a spatial experience written in water.The city flaneurs are tempted by twisted-spiral staircases into monster's interior and are threw back onto the surface of green coat. People are wondering, resting, exploring, puzzling,and dazing there, all to experience a tender affection for nature, history, and urban life.

ZHOU Jianjia: The balcony as a path. The "Green Hill" was a building to be demolished due to the planned road conflicts. The protection and renovation project was advocated by the architect, and the road passed through the building volume, which also allows the industrial volume to be woven into the urban environment vertically. The outer skin of the building stripped, and the main frame structure was preserved. It also makes it possible for walkways and decks systems to wind up from the ground and run through the entire building,forming an identifiable "balcony" belonging to the city. Unlike the traditional balconies protruding from the fa?ade, the balconies of "Green Hill" are two systems－the result of the superposition of the main building and the three-dimensional walkway can be regarded as an extension of the internal path, but also an extension of an architectural element.