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把握命題動(dòng)向,提升思維品質(zhì)
——從浙江省新高考英語“七選五”試題變化看解題策略

2020-11-16 11:40湖北
教學(xué)考試(高考英語) 2020年5期
關(guān)鍵詞:七選五主旨段落

湖北

浙江卷從2016 年10 月開始采用新高考模式,其英語試題也是從2016 年10 月開始第一次加入“七選五”這一新題型,經(jīng)過幾年的適應(yīng)和發(fā)展,浙江省新高考“七選五”的試題與最初相比已發(fā)生了明顯的變化。而近十年的全國卷“七選五”題型也經(jīng)歷著相似的變化。因此,浙江卷“七選五”試題的變化事實(shí)上為全國卷“七選五”命題動(dòng)向的縮影,而在新課標(biāo)指導(dǎo)下的浙江省新高考英語命題的動(dòng)向無疑也對(duì)研究全國卷有著極大的參考價(jià)值和指導(dǎo)意義。因此,本文將聚焦浙江省新高考英語“七選五”試題的變化規(guī)律,以期為廣大師生備考全國卷“七選五”提供新的思路和方向。

浙江省新高考英語“七選五”的文章形式變化

從上表中我們可以清晰地看到,浙江省高考英語在2017 年第一次采用新高考模式的兩次考試中,“七選五”文章的結(jié)構(gòu)較為簡(jiǎn)單,有標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題或段落標(biāo)記的提示,2018 年第一次的高考英語“七選五”文章也沿用了2017 年高考英語“七選五”的文章形式,保證了新高考第二年試題的穩(wěn)定性。然而從2018 年第二次新高考開始,“七選五”的文章結(jié)構(gòu)雖然仍和前幾次保持一致,但開始去掉標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題與段落標(biāo)記,試題難度開始呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢(shì)。而從2019 年開始,所有“七選五”文章不僅無標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題與段落標(biāo)記,文章結(jié)構(gòu)也不再遵循固有模式。因此,新高考以來,浙江卷“七選五”的試題難度、區(qū)分度有所增大,對(duì)學(xué)生思維能力的要求也有所提高。下面筆者將對(duì)比近幾年的浙江省高考英語“七選五”試題,分析其變化規(guī)律,從而把握命題趨勢(shì)和意圖,探索應(yīng)對(duì)方法和策略。

一、命題變化

(一)文章主旨與結(jié)構(gòu)更隱晦

1.文章主旨更隱晦(2016 年10 月浙江卷VS 2018 年11 月浙江卷)

(2016 年10 月浙江卷)

How to Have a Successful Teenage Life

Everyone wants to succeed in their life,don’t they? Even as a teenager,you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard.31(Here are some important points that you may find helpful.)

...

(2018 年11 月浙江卷)

...

Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(禮節(jié)).But many social norms(規(guī)范)just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.

...

How to handle these differing standards? ...Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.

文章主旨對(duì)比分析:

在2016 年10 月浙江卷中,“七選五”標(biāo)題How to Have a Successful Teenage Life 直接點(diǎn)明了整篇文章的主旨,首段的最后一句“Here are some important points that you may find helpful.”為文章主題句,總領(lǐng)其后所有段落。

而2018 年11 月浙江卷一改前兩年四次新高考分條提出建議的說明文的體裁形式,第一次出現(xiàn)了議論文。文章不僅沒有標(biāo)題,而且結(jié)構(gòu)和語言都變得更為復(fù)雜。本文主旨句應(yīng)為第二段的第二句,文章論述了在數(shù)字化交流方式迅速發(fā)展的今天,有些禮儀費(fèi)時(shí)且無益,并在文末再次表明希望浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的交流形式可以不再流行。

很明顯,2018 年11 月浙江卷“七選五”文章較2016 年10 月的文章在難度上有了很大的提升,主旨不再清晰明顯,需要理解全文思路才能概括出來。

2.文章結(jié)構(gòu)更隱晦(2017 年11 月浙江卷VS 2020 年1 月浙江卷)

(2017 年11 月浙江卷)

How to Remember What You Read

Reading is important.But the next step is making sure that you remember what you’ve read! 31(Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.) You may have just read the text,but the ideas,concepts and images(形象)may fly right out of your head.Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.

● 32(Are you confused?)

...If you don’t understand what you’re reading,how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do...use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.

●Are you connected?

...With some books,you may feel a connection right away.33(But other books require a bit more work on your part.) How willing are you to make the connections happen?

●Read it; hear it; be it!

Read the lines....34(You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!)

●How often do you read?

If you read frequently,you’ll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading (and what you’ve read)....

(2020 年1 月浙江卷)

Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use.The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy...

31(We use water indirectly too.) ...When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want,but this is not the case for many people around the world....

34(In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.) On this day every year,countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.At one school in the UK,children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.35(In this way,they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.) People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

文章結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)比分析:

在2017 年11 月浙江卷中,“七選五”文章標(biāo)題說明文章主旨,各個(gè)小標(biāo)題說明各段落的主旨,首段的尾句總領(lǐng)其后段落,第二、三、四、五段為針對(duì)如何記憶閱讀內(nèi)容的不同建議。文章結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然。

而2020 年1 月浙江卷的“七選五”文章結(jié)構(gòu)卻不那么清晰。文章第一段提出水對(duì)我們的重要性,第二段從間接用水的角度說明水對(duì)我們的影響,第三段說明很多人用水困難這一事實(shí),最后一段介紹聯(lián)合國設(shè)立了“世界節(jié)水日”以幫助人們提升對(duì)缺水問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。文章一環(huán)扣一環(huán),第三段與前兩段構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,又與最后一段形成因果關(guān)系。文章沒有明顯的主題句,學(xué)生需要在理解每段主旨大意的基礎(chǔ)上將整篇文章的思路串起來,才能歸納出文章主旨。

不難看出,浙江省新高考英語“七選五”的文章結(jié)構(gòu)越來越隱晦,學(xué)生僅靠大致瀏覽首段與每段的第一句已經(jīng)無法準(zhǔn)確理解文章的行文思路,只有深刻理解文章內(nèi)容才能更好地把握文章邏輯。

(二)段落主旨與結(jié)構(gòu)更復(fù)雜

1.段落主旨更復(fù)雜(2017 年6 月浙江卷VS 2020 年1 月浙江卷)

高考英語“七選五”試題一般情況下在段首句考查段落主旨,雖然近年高考英語已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)反套路設(shè)題的現(xiàn)象,但此處還是以常見的段首主旨句設(shè)題的方式來對(duì)比浙江省新高考英語段落主旨的考查方向的變化。

(2017 年6 月浙江卷第5 段)

●___34___ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need,move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview,you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer,you won’t be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.____35__

A.Limit your time.

(2020 年1 月浙江卷第1~2 段)

Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use.The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy.When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

__31___ For example,farmers,who produce the food we eat,use water to make the plants grow.When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

A.We use water indirectly too.

段落主旨對(duì)比分析:

2017 年6 月浙江卷第五段的段首空為段落主旨句,根據(jù)段落內(nèi)容很容易歸納出段落的主旨,即控制采訪時(shí)間以得到更多不同的答案。因此很容易選出正確答案A 項(xiàng)。

而2020 年1 月浙江卷第二段的段首句雖然也是該段的中心句,但要準(zhǔn)確理解該段的中心含義,僅關(guān)注本段內(nèi)容還不夠,還要與第一段的內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來。第一段說到,人體的60%由水組成,我們需要喝很多水才能保持健康。第二段說我們吃的食物也需要水,我們身體活動(dòng)所需的能量也是因水的化學(xué)參與而形成的。只有結(jié)合第一段的內(nèi)容才能判斷出這兩段分別介紹了水對(duì)我們的直接和間接影響,才能選出正確答案A 項(xiàng)。

因此,對(duì)于段落主旨的考查,浙江卷新高考已經(jīng)開始改變固有模式,在考查段落主旨的同時(shí),增加了對(duì)段際關(guān)系與文章結(jié)構(gòu)的考查,對(duì)學(xué)生的篇章和段落邏輯理解能力提出了新的要求。

2.段落結(jié)構(gòu)更復(fù)雜(2018 年6 月浙江卷VS 2019 年6 月浙江卷)

(2018 年6 月浙江卷第4 段)

__34___ If a neighbor is going to be out of town,offer to collect mail and newspapers.If a neighbor suffers an illness,offer to do the grocery shopping.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable,while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.

B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.

(2019 年6 月浙江卷第3 段)

__33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.Beatlemania hit New York on February 7,1964.Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them.___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入 侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time.Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll.Thanks to the Beatles,a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market.____35__

A.They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.E.Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.

G.They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.

段落結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)比分析:

2018 年6 月浙江卷的“七選五”與新高考以來前三次的“七選五”的文章結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,除了首段總領(lǐng)全文外,其他段落均為“總—分”或“總—分—總”結(jié)構(gòu)。該段通過兩個(gè)“If a neighbor...,offer to...”來分述如何從小事做起,幫助鄰居,最后一句總結(jié)“help in any way that is acceptable”,清晰的段落結(jié)構(gòu)使學(xué)生很容易得到34 題的正確答案B 項(xiàng)。

而2019 年6 月浙江卷雖然也考段首句,卻一反常態(tài)地采用“分—總”式段落結(jié)構(gòu),段首空非主旨句,這就增加了解題難度。此外,該段落按時(shí)間順序分述Beatles 樂隊(duì)在美國的發(fā)展,這與前幾年浙江省高考英語“七選五”的段落結(jié)構(gòu)均不同,只有在理解了整段結(jié)構(gòu)后才能判斷出其行文邏輯為時(shí)間順序。故按時(shí)間順序選出33 題、34 題的正確答案A 項(xiàng)、G 項(xiàng),而根據(jù)段落的“分—總”結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷末尾兩句總結(jié)Beatles 樂隊(duì)的影響力,從而選出35 題的正確答案E 項(xiàng)。

由此可見,浙江省新高考英語“七選五”的考查不僅增加了對(duì)文章主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)的理解的要求,同時(shí)也增加了對(duì)段落主旨與結(jié)構(gòu)的理解的要求。而段落結(jié)構(gòu)往往是學(xué)生容易忽視的地方,因此這也進(jìn)一步增加了試題的難度。如今,新高考英語“七選五”的段首句不一定考查段落主旨,段落結(jié)構(gòu)也不一定是簡(jiǎn)單的“總—分”結(jié)構(gòu),需要學(xué)生理解段落中句與句之間的邏輯,才能更準(zhǔn)確地分析段落結(jié)構(gòu),從而迅速準(zhǔn)確解題。

(三)干擾項(xiàng)更難排除

1.干擾項(xiàng)主旨吻合(2016 年10 月浙江卷 VS 2020 年1 月浙江卷)

(2016 年10 月浙江卷第4 段)

● ___34___ Remember,they’re there to help you be the best that you can be.Respect them and value their opinions,even if they annoy you sometimes.35(Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.) You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family,but you still have to put up with them.Learn how to deal with people now,because when you’re an adult,you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers,so learn how to respect them now.

A.Live life to the fullest.

C.Be nice to your parents and teachers.

(2020 年1 月浙江卷第1~2 段)

Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use.The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy.When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

__31___ For example,farmers,who produce the food we eat,use water to make the plants grow.When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

A.We use water indirectly too.

B.Every system in our body depends on water to function.

干擾項(xiàng)對(duì)比分析:

2016 年10 月浙江卷第34 題為段首主旨句,根據(jù)每段形式一致的規(guī)律可知,段首句34 空處應(yīng)為一個(gè)祈使短句,概括段落主旨。A 項(xiàng)和C 項(xiàng)均符合這樣的特點(diǎn),但根據(jù)段落內(nèi)容很容易選出正確選項(xiàng),干擾項(xiàng)A 項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容明顯不符,很容易排除,從而選出34 題的正確答案C 項(xiàng)。

而2020 年1 月浙江卷中,第二段主要說明水對(duì)我們的重要性,若僅看31 空后的內(nèi)容(我們食用的農(nóng)作物需要水,我們打開燈、電腦和電視需要水提供能量),很容易將段落主旨?xì)w納為“我們身體的各個(gè)系統(tǒng)都需要水才能正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”,因而誤選B 項(xiàng)。因此B 項(xiàng)非常具有干擾性,只有結(jié)合第一段的內(nèi)容才可以推斷出,前兩段分別從直接和間接兩個(gè)方面說明水對(duì)我們的作用,從而選出正確答案A 項(xiàng)。

此處干擾項(xiàng)的主旨與文章或段落主旨相符,在一定程度上增加了“七選五”試題的難度,尤其是主旨大意題的難度,對(duì)學(xué)生思辨能力的要求更高了。

2.干擾項(xiàng)通順連貫(2017 年11 月浙江卷 VS 2019 年6 月浙江卷)

(2017 年11 月浙江卷第4 段)

● Read it; hear it; be it!

Read the lines.Then,speak them out loud.And,put some character into the words.When he was writing his novels,Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters.He’d make faces in the mirror,and change his voice for each character. ___34_

E.Marking helps you remember what you read.

G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!

(2019 年6 月浙江卷第2 段)

After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC,the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours.By mid-1963,the Beatles had been extremely popular in England.___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs.They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends.John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.

B.Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.

F.They appeared in the films A Hard Day’s Night (1964)and Help! (1965).

干擾項(xiàng)分析對(duì)比:

2017 年11 月浙江卷中,E 項(xiàng)只與34 題所在段落的建議(多感官實(shí)踐以加深記憶)相關(guān),即E項(xiàng)為34題的干擾項(xiàng),但放在該空中與上下文意思完全不通順,連人稱代詞都不連貫或照應(yīng),因此干擾項(xiàng)E 項(xiàng)很容易排除。

而2019 年6 月浙江卷中第二段按照時(shí)間順序介紹了Beatles 樂隊(duì)在英國流行起來的過程,F(xiàn) 項(xiàng)不僅與上下句人稱代詞照應(yīng),而且從句意上看,Beatles 參演電影與下一句在俱樂部開大型演唱會(huì)十分通順連貫,并且從“mid-1963”到“1964”和“1965”的銜接十分符合該段落的時(shí)間邏輯,因此很容易誤選F 項(xiàng)。但由于整段內(nèi)容主要是介紹Beatles樂隊(duì)的音樂非常受歡迎,故B 項(xiàng)比F 項(xiàng)更能突出該段主旨。

因此,如今學(xué)生在解答浙江省新高考“七選五”時(shí)不僅需要考慮語義、代詞等是否通順連貫,還需要從段落或文章主旨、文章結(jié)構(gòu)、段際關(guān)系等多個(gè)角度衡量,篩選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

3.干擾項(xiàng)細(xì)節(jié)復(fù)現(xiàn)(2017 年6 月浙江卷 VS 2020 年1 月浙江卷)

(2017 年6 月浙江卷第2~5 段)

● When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story,think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.For example,if your topic is about environmental problems in America,you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” ___32_

● Hit the streets with confidence.___33___ Say,“Excuse me,I work for XYZ News,and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.

...

● ___34___ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need,move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview,you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer,you won’t be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. ___35_

A.Limit your time.

B.As you approach people,be polite.

C.If you don’t own a camera,you can buy one.

F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

G.With a question like this,you will get more than a “Yes”or“No”reply.

(2020 年1 月浙江卷)

34 (In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.) On this day every year,countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.At one school in the UK,children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___ People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

C.It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.

G.In this way,they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

干擾項(xiàng)對(duì)比分析:

2017 年6 月浙江卷中,干擾項(xiàng)C 項(xiàng)為具體的建議,但與具體建議有關(guān)的四道選題,無一涉及“camera”,因此很容易將C 項(xiàng)排除。

而2020 年1 月浙江卷中,干擾項(xiàng)C 項(xiàng)卻出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞“water”的復(fù)現(xiàn)。文章最后一段主要介紹“世界節(jié)水日”及其相關(guān)活動(dòng),第二句就說明了各個(gè)國家在“世界節(jié)水日”舉行活動(dòng)的主要目的是教育人們了解污水問題,而C 項(xiàng)中“鼓勵(lì)人們了解更多與水有關(guān)的問題”就正好與活動(dòng)目的一致,故學(xué)生很容易誤選C 項(xiàng)。但上一句具體介紹了“孩子們背著6 升水行走6 千米”的活動(dòng),因此G 項(xiàng)能更具體地對(duì)應(yīng)該活動(dòng)的目的。

因此,如今高考英語“七選五”的干擾項(xiàng)也已經(jīng)開始反套路,出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的選項(xiàng)不一定是正確選項(xiàng),還需要多方位、多角度地審查各個(gè)選項(xiàng),這就要求學(xué)生思維縝密且全面。

二、命題動(dòng)向分析

為什么浙江省新高考英語“七選五”會(huì)呈現(xiàn)文章主旨與結(jié)構(gòu)更隱晦、段落主旨與結(jié)構(gòu)更復(fù)雜、干擾項(xiàng)更難排除的趨勢(shì)呢?因?yàn)樾赂呖加⒄Z最初兩年命制試題時(shí),考慮到“七選五”為新題型,不宜太難,但考試結(jié)果顯示“七選五”試題對(duì)考生的區(qū)分度不大。為了達(dá)到高考選拔人才的要求,達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2017 年版2020 年修訂)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》)的要求,“七選五”試題難度增加實(shí)屬必然。

《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》將思維品質(zhì)列為英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)之一,并將其界定為“思維在邏輯性、批判性、創(chuàng)新性等方面所表現(xiàn)的能力和水平”。其中思維在邏輯性上的能力又表現(xiàn)為“歸納語言及語篇的特點(diǎn)”“辨識(shí)語言表達(dá)的形式和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的功能”“分析和評(píng)價(jià)語篇所承載的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、情感和意圖”等?!墩n程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對(duì)英語理解性技能的要求中也包含“從語篇中提取主要信息和觀點(diǎn),理解語篇要義”“理解語篇中顯性或隱性的邏輯關(guān)系”“把握語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)以及語言特征”“識(shí)別書面語篇中常見的指代和銜接關(guān)系”。

“七選五”閱讀理解以語篇為載體,其設(shè)題的不完整性要求學(xué)生通過對(duì)篇章整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)的把握、上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、代詞連貫等,弄清文章各個(gè)元素之間的相互作用和緊密關(guān)聯(lián),通過分析、比較、歸納、推理等思維活動(dòng),形成系統(tǒng)連貫的完整篇章。

因此,“七選五”作為最能考查學(xué)生理解文章主旨、語篇結(jié)構(gòu)、行文邏輯與語義銜接的題型,必然要增加難度和區(qū)分度,以此考查學(xué)生的思維能力,為國家挑選出最具有核心素養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)代化人才。

三、應(yīng)對(duì)策略

要滿足《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》和高考英語“七選五”的要求,除了要不斷積累語言知識(shí)、增強(qiáng)語言能力,還要不斷培養(yǎng)思維能力。

(一)整體性思維

要解答好“七選五”這一題型,首先要把握文章主旨,這不僅是因?yàn)椤捌哌x五”試題必然包括主旨大意題,也因?yàn)槲恼碌募?xì)節(jié)是為作者表達(dá)中心思想服務(wù)的,把握了文章主旨,才能更好地理解細(xì)節(jié)。因此,整體性思維不僅應(yīng)該用于應(yīng)對(duì)主旨大意題,更應(yīng)該成為閱讀任何文章的長期習(xí)慣。做“七選五”閱讀理解時(shí),應(yīng)首先瀏覽全文,弄清文章的中心大意,運(yùn)用整體性思維把握文章的行文思路。

(二)結(jié)構(gòu)性思維

近年來“七選五”文章的結(jié)構(gòu)不再清晰明了,因此需要更多地分析篇章層次和結(jié)構(gòu),包括文章結(jié)構(gòu)和段落結(jié)構(gòu)。一方面,文章結(jié)構(gòu)能幫助學(xué)生更好地理解文章主旨,段落結(jié)構(gòu)能幫助學(xué)生更好地理解段落主旨,另一方面,理解文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯也能幫助學(xué)生更好地理解細(xì)節(jié)。對(duì)于“七選五”試題來說,結(jié)構(gòu)性思維必不可少。

(三)綜合性思維

任何解題技巧都不是絕對(duì)的,段首空不一定是段落主旨句,段中空也有可能是主旨句,段尾空不一定總結(jié)整段內(nèi)容,出現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的選項(xiàng)不一定是正確答案,主旨吻合或句意連貫的選項(xiàng)也不一定是正確答案。只有全面地、綜合地分析各個(gè)要素間的關(guān)系,才能避免思維的偏差,準(zhǔn)確地選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

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