張玲玲
摘 要:新時(shí)代教育教學(xué)環(huán)境下,如何開展勞動(dòng)教育,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)教育的育人功能,如何做到德智體美勞五育并舉,如何提升學(xué)生的勞動(dòng)素養(yǎng)?培養(yǎng)德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人,要樹立勞動(dòng)觀念,倡導(dǎo)全學(xué)段育人理念;融合勞動(dòng)課程,形成全學(xué)科育人格局;培養(yǎng)勞動(dòng)素養(yǎng),落實(shí)全方位育人功能。深度落實(shí)勞動(dòng)育人的目標(biāo),要以學(xué)校為主導(dǎo);廣度拓展勞動(dòng)育人的內(nèi)涵,需要家庭參與,做到家校合力,齊抓共管。另外還需要社會(huì)支持,開辟勞動(dòng)教育場(chǎng)所,建立勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐基地;開挖勞動(dòng)教育資源,增加學(xué)生勞動(dòng)體驗(yàn)。在勞動(dòng)教育的評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)施中,要健全勞動(dòng)教育評(píng)價(jià)制度,細(xì)化勞動(dòng)教育實(shí)施規(guī)則,加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)教育評(píng)估監(jiān)督,避免勞動(dòng)教育形式化、膚淺化、片面化。
關(guān)鍵詞:勞動(dòng)教育;育人;勞動(dòng)素養(yǎng);實(shí)施
【中圖分類號(hào)】G622.0 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A 【文章編號(hào)】1005-8877(2021)19-0035-02
【Absrtact】Under the environment of education and teaching in the new era,how to carry out labor education,how to realize the educational function of labor education,how to carry out the five education of morality,intelligence,body,beauty and labor,and how to improve the students' labor literacy? To train socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality,intelligence,body,beauty and labor,we should set up the concept of labor,advocate the concept of educating people in the whole school,integrate the labor curriculum,form the pattern of educating people in the whole discipline,cultivate labor literacy,and carry out the function of educating people in all directions. In order to carry out the goal of labor education in depth,we should take the school as the leading factor,expand the connotation of labor education in breadth,need the participation of families,make the joint efforts of home and school,and work together. Social support is also needed To open up labor education places,establish labor practice bases,excavate labor education resources and increase students' labor experience. In the evaluation and implementation of labor education,we should perfect the evaluation system of labor education,refine the implementation rules of labor education,strengthen the evaluation and supervision of labor education,and avoid the formalization,superficial and one-sidedization of labor education.
【Keywords】Labor Education;Education;Labor Literacy;Implementation
“鋤禾日當(dāng)午,汗滴禾下土,誰知盤中餐,粒粒皆辛苦。”唐代李紳的《憫農(nóng)》膾炙人口、家喻戶曉,自古以來,勞動(dòng)在我國(guó)人民心中占據(jù)了重要的位置。盧梭也說“勞動(dòng)是社會(huì)中每個(gè)人不可避免的義務(wù)?!?018年全國(guó)教育大會(huì)上,提出“努力構(gòu)建德智體美勞全面培養(yǎng)的教育體系,培養(yǎng)德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“要在學(xué)生中弘揚(yáng)勞動(dòng)精神,教育引導(dǎo)學(xué)生崇尚勞動(dòng)、尊重勞動(dòng),懂得勞動(dòng)最光榮、勞動(dòng)最崇高、勞動(dòng)最偉大、勞動(dòng)最美麗的道理,長(zhǎng)大后能夠辛勤勞動(dòng)、誠(chéng)實(shí)勞動(dòng)、創(chuàng)造性勞動(dòng)”。但是,現(xiàn)有的學(xué)校教育中,勞動(dòng)教育是薄弱的,很多勞動(dòng)課只是用活動(dòng)課的形式來體現(xiàn),學(xué)生的勞動(dòng)參與度不高,也沒有通過勞動(dòng)課堂掌握一定的勞動(dòng)技能。甚至,在整理班務(wù)時(shí),很多學(xué)生連基本的掃地、拖地都做不好,由此,勞動(dòng)教育亟待加強(qiáng),發(fā)揮它應(yīng)有的育人功能。綜上所述,新時(shí)代教育教學(xué)環(huán)境下,如何開展勞動(dòng)教育,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)教育的育人功能,如何做到德智體美勞五育并舉,如何提升學(xué)生的勞動(dòng)素養(yǎng)成了我們亟待解決的課題。
1.五育并舉,全面育人
在應(yīng)試教育的影響下,勞動(dòng)教育缺乏應(yīng)有的實(shí)踐性。全社會(huì)對(duì)勞動(dòng)教育的認(rèn)識(shí)存在偏頗,所以勞動(dòng)教育教學(xué)中存在勞動(dòng)娛樂化、形式化、懲戒化的現(xiàn)象,這也導(dǎo)致了勞動(dòng)教育過于簡(jiǎn)單化、世俗化、碎片化。另外,受社會(huì)不良風(fēng)氣的影響,為了應(yīng)對(duì)升學(xué)考試,因?yàn)閶蓱T獨(dú)生子女,學(xué)校和家庭都淡化勞動(dòng)教育。但是,青少年的成長(zhǎng)離不開勞動(dòng)的鍛煉。當(dāng)務(wù)之急是補(bǔ)齊勞動(dòng)教育的短板,大力開展勞動(dòng)教育,構(gòu)建學(xué)生德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的育人機(jī)制。新時(shí)代勞動(dòng)育人應(yīng)該以立德樹人為核心,幫助學(xué)生樹立尊重勞動(dòng)、熱愛勞動(dòng)的價(jià)值觀,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展需要的勞動(dòng)素養(yǎng),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的五育并舉。