王文采
(中國(guó)科學(xué)院植物研究所系統(tǒng)與進(jìn)化植物學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京 100093)
最近,作者在整理毛茛科植物標(biāo)本過(guò)程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)了翠雀花屬一新種和一新變種。
Delphinium iliense Huth var. pubipes W.T.Wang,var.nov.
A var. iliensi differt pedicellis pubescentibus. In var.iliensi,pedicelli glabri sunt.
新疆(Xinjiang):昭蘇縣,康蘇溝(Zhaosu Xian,Kangsugou),alt. 2 200 m,花藍(lán)色(fls.blue),1985-07-30,徐文友等(W.Y.Xu et al.)466(holo?type,PE,標(biāo)本條形碼號(hào)00500379);同地(same locality),鐵里木克山,馬克希,alt.2 410 m,山坡,花藍(lán)紫色(on slope,fls.blue-pubrple),1974-07-28,林有 潤(rùn)(Y. R. Lin)74-507(PE,標(biāo) 本 條 形 碼 號(hào)00500377);同地(same locality),苦都(Kudu),alt.1 680 m,干山坡,花紫色(on dry slope,fls.purple),1974-08-02,林有潤(rùn)74-698(PE,標(biāo)本條形碼號(hào)00500382)。
此變種與模式變種的區(qū)別只在于其花梗被柔毛。在模式變種,花梗無(wú)毛[1~2]。
Delphinium huashanicum W.T.Wang,sp. nov.Fig.1
(Sect.Delphinastrum DC.subsect.Grandiflora W.T.Wang)
Ob caules simplices,folia basalia nonnulla praescentia 3-secta,inflorescentias racemosas,sepala calcari sepalino longiora species nova haec est affinis D.pseudothibetico W. T. Wang & M. J. Warnock,a quo caulibus et foliorum laminis utrinque puberulis,staminodiorum limbis suborbicularibus apice 2-lobulatis ventre albo-barbatis differt. In D. pseu?dothibetico,caules patule hispidi,foliorum laminae strigosae,et staminodiorum limbi obovati 2-lobati ventre flavo-barbati sunt.
Perennial herb,ca.55 cm tall.Stem near base 2 mm across,simple,densely retrorse-appressed-puberulous(with hairs 0.10-0.25 mm long),2-leaved.Basal leaves ca. 5,long petiolate;blades papery,cordate-pentagonal,1-4.5 cm × 1.6-7 cm,3-sect,central segment rhombic or narrow-rhombic,3-lobed to 3-parted,with lobes lobulate or dentate,lateral segments flabellate,unequally 2-parted,with lobes twice lobed and with ultimate lobes triangular or narrow-ovate;surfaces adaxially and abaxially densely minutely puberulous(with hairs less than 1 mm long);petioles 6-19 cm long. Cauline leaves similar to basal ones;lower cauline leaf with petiole 4 cm long and blade 3 cm broad;upper cauline leaf subsessile,with blade 3 cm broad. Raceme terminal,ca. 22 cm long,8-flowered;basal bract with petiole 2 mm long,and with blade 2 mm × 2 mm,3-sect,with lobers linear,puberulous,other bracts sessile,lanceolate-linear or narrow-linear,2.5-3 mm × 0.2-0.5 mm,puberulous,undivided or near apex 1-lobulate;pedicels 1.5-4 cm long,densely puberulous,below or above 2-bracteolate;bracteoles alternate,linear,2-2.5 mm×0.3 mm,puberulous.Flower:Sepals blue,adaxially glabrous,abaxially sparsely puberulous,upper sepal broad-ovate,14 mm × 10 mm,spur subulate,near apex slightly recurved,12-14 mm long,at base 3-3.5 mm across,densely puberulous,lateral sepals elliptic,16 mm × 8 mm,lower sepals obovate or narrow-obovate,12-14 mm ×5-7 mm. Petals 2,yellowish,glabrous,apex obtuse.Staminodes 2;limbs along margin blue,else-where white,suborbicular,ca. 7.0 mm × 6.2 mm,on apex 2-lobulate,on the middle densely and long whitebarbate;claws white,5.5 mm long,at base minutely 1-appendiculate. Stamens ca. 25,glabrous;anthers dark-blue or brown,broad-elliptic,1 mm × 0.5-0.6 mm;filaments white,5-6 mm long,below lanceolate-linear,above filiform.Carpels 3;ovaries narrowoblong,2.5 mm×0.8 mm,densely appressed-puberulous;styles 1.5-1.8 mm long,glabrous.
陜西(Shaanxi):華陰市(Huayin Shi),華山,青柯坪之下,山坡(Hua Shan,below Qingkeping,on slope),1952-09-22,王獻(xiàn)溥(X.P.Wang)20564(Ho?lotype,PE,標(biāo)本條形碼號(hào)01566868)。
本種的莖不分枝,具數(shù)枚3 全裂基生葉,花序總狀,萼片比萼距稍長(zhǎng),因此也與具上述形態(tài)特征的擬瀾滄翠雀花(D.pseudothibeticum W.T.Wang &M.J.Warnock)有相近的親緣關(guān)系;與后者的區(qū)別在于本種的莖和葉片兩面均被短柔毛,退化雄蕊瓣片近圓形,頂端2 微裂,腹面被白色髯毛。在擬瀾滄翠雀花,莖被開(kāi)展糙硬毛,葉片兩面均被糙伏毛,退化雄蕊瓣片倒卵形,2 淺裂,腹面被黃色髯毛。[1]