陳瑤 唐玲
【摘要】目的:中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理應(yīng)用于腦中風(fēng)后偏癱患者肢體功能的影響研究。方法:從2019 年11月—2020年10月于我院收治的腦中風(fēng)后偏癱患者中,選取116例作為研究對(duì)象,兩組患者均采取中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療,根據(jù)隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法,一組作為觀察組(58例)予以中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療及中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理,另外一組作為對(duì)照組(58例)予以中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療及康復(fù)護(hù)理。結(jié)果:觀察組的總體有效率為98.28%,明顯高于對(duì)照組的87.93%,對(duì)比差異明顯(P<0.05);在護(hù)理后,兩組患者生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分與護(hù)理前相比明顯升高,對(duì)比差異明顯(P<0.05),同時(shí)與對(duì)照組生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分相比,觀察組明顯更具優(yōu)勢(shì)(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理,在腦中風(fēng)后偏癱患者治療中具有較高的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,可以對(duì)患者肢體功能予以有效改善,不斷提高治療效果。
【關(guān)鍵詞】腦中風(fēng);偏癱;中西醫(yī)結(jié)合;康復(fù)護(hù)理;肢體功能
Comprehensive Study on the effect of rehabilitation nursing combined with traditional Chinese
and Western medicine on limb function of patients with Hemiplegia after cerebral apoplexy
CHEN Yao, TANG Ling
Rehabilitation department, Chongqing hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
【Abstract】Objective: to study the effect of rehabilitation nursing combined with traditional Chinese and Western medicine on limb function of patients with Hemiplegia after cerebral apoplexy.Methods: From November 2019 In October 2020 in our hospital in patients with hemiplegia after a stroke, select 116 cases as the research object, two groups of patients were to combine traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment, according to random number table method, a set of as observation group (58 cases) to combine traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and traditional Chinese and western medicine combined with rehabilitation nursing, another group as control group (58 cases) to combine traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and rehabilitation care Results: The overall effective rate of the observation group was 98.28%, which was significantly higher than 87.93% of the control group(P<0.05). After nursing, the quality of life score of the two groups was significantly higher than that before nursing, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). At the same time, compared with the quality of life score of the control group, the observation group was significantly more advantageous(P<0.05).Conclusion: Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine rehabilitation nursing has high application value in the treatment of patients with hemiplegia after cerebral apoplexy, which can effectively improve the limb function of patients and continuously improve the therapeutic effect.
【Key words】Cerebral Apoplexy; Hemiplegia; integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Rehabilitation Nursing; Limb function
在臨床腦血管疾病中,腦中風(fēng)比較常見(jiàn),其發(fā)病迅速,而且病情變化顯著。當(dāng)前,腦中風(fēng)的發(fā)病率越來(lái)越高[1],由于該疾病存在并發(fā)吞咽障礙等后遺癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而且極容易出現(xiàn)偏癱,所以對(duì)患者生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。因此,加強(qiáng)康復(fù)鍛煉聯(lián)合護(hù)理干預(yù)措施非常重要,有效改善患者的肢體功能,給予患者生活質(zhì)量強(qiáng)有力的保障,其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義突出。
1.1 一般資料
觀察組,男38例,女20例,年齡40歲~70歲,平均年齡(65.38±4.97)歲;對(duì)照組,男39例,女19例,年齡40歲~71歲,平均年齡(65.23±4.20)歲。在性別、年齡等信息上,兩組患者情況相似,可以進(jìn)行比較(P>0.05)。
1.2 方法
兩組患者均采取中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療,如降血壓和降血糖等治療,同時(shí)在配合的中醫(yī)治療中,主要以中醫(yī)針刺為主。
在護(hù)理干預(yù)中,采取常規(guī)康復(fù)護(hù)理干預(yù)為對(duì)照組,如定期幫助患者變換體位,防止褥瘡現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)。在對(duì)照組的基礎(chǔ)上,再行中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理干預(yù)為觀察組,詳細(xì)措施如下:(1)功能鍛煉護(hù)理。在患者被動(dòng)和主動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉中,應(yīng)給予積極指導(dǎo),幫助患者被動(dòng)鍛煉,活動(dòng)頭部、患肢等部位,有效恢復(fù)患者的肢體功能,同時(shí),應(yīng)注重翻身訓(xùn)練,取健側(cè)臥位。其中,在主動(dòng)鍛煉中,主要包括臥位、坐位等自我更換體位,并結(jié)合自身實(shí)際情況獨(dú)立行走。(2)穴位按摩護(hù)理。通過(guò)穴位按摩護(hù)理,旨在將活絡(luò)通經(jīng)、活血化瘀等功效充分發(fā)揮出來(lái),對(duì)于祛除患者體內(nèi)的瘀血實(shí)邪,發(fā)揮出對(duì)于恢復(fù)血運(yùn)的促進(jìn)作用。從患者具體病情出發(fā),根據(jù)醫(yī)生指導(dǎo),確保穴位按摩的合理性,比如在患肢痙攣期,應(yīng)對(duì)背部背俞穴予以選擇[2],遵循自上而下的原則,實(shí)施滾法按摩,給予周身氣血運(yùn)行一定的保障,并將肢體功能障礙改善至最佳。(3)情志護(hù)理。由于該疾病患者極容易產(chǎn)生不良情緒,難免會(huì)對(duì)治療和護(hù)理工作造成影響,所以加強(qiáng)情志護(hù)理是至關(guān)重要的。對(duì)于護(hù)理人員來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)給予患者充足的鼓勵(lì)與支持,加強(qiáng)心理疏導(dǎo),并靈活運(yùn)用中醫(yī)學(xué)以情勝情法等,將患者心理壓力控制在合理范圍內(nèi)。(4)心理護(hù)理。在康復(fù)護(hù)理過(guò)程中,應(yīng)全面護(hù)理患者的心理狀態(tài),從患者不良情緒出發(fā),給予有針對(duì)性的心理疏導(dǎo),確?;颊卟涣夹睦砬榫w得到有效控制、消除。(5)局部熱敷。該方式可以有效刺激患者的患肢,發(fā)揮出對(duì)于血液循環(huán)的促進(jìn)作用,并使淋巴和血液循環(huán)得到有效改善,有效預(yù)防肢體水腫現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于護(hù)理人員來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)從患者實(shí)際病情出發(fā),熱敷應(yīng)選取適當(dāng)位置,并控制好其溫度。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。計(jì)數(shù)資料采用(%)表示,進(jìn)行χ2檢驗(yàn),計(jì)量資料采用(χ±s)表示,進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 治療效果對(duì)比
在兩組患者治療效果對(duì)比方面,觀察組的總體有效率為98.28%,明顯高于對(duì)照組的87.93%,對(duì)比差異明顯(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表1。
2.2 生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分對(duì)比
在護(hù)理后,兩組患者生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分與護(hù)理前相比明顯升高,對(duì)比差異明顯(P<0.05),同時(shí)與對(duì)照組生活質(zhì)量評(píng)分相比,觀察組明顯更具優(yōu)勢(shì),相互對(duì)比差異性較大(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表2。
在老年人高發(fā)疾病中,中風(fēng)不容忽視,由于中老年人欠缺良好的抵抗力和免疫力,其致殘率較高[3]。而對(duì)于中風(fēng)偏癱患者,極容易出現(xiàn)肢體障礙和語(yǔ)言障礙等?;谥嗅t(yī)學(xué)視角,主要是由于患者氣血虧虛、陽(yáng)氣和陰氣調(diào)節(jié)不均等所造成的[4],從而嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷到患者的運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng),最終引發(fā)一系列的障礙問(wèn)題?;诖?,加強(qiáng)中風(fēng)患者的中醫(yī)護(hù)理非常關(guān)鍵。借助中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理,可以將患者血液循環(huán)速度提升上來(lái),并有效改善患者的肢體功能和自理能力,不斷提高患者預(yù)后水平。其中,由于病程較長(zhǎng),一些患者極容易出現(xiàn)不良情緒,所以護(hù)理人員應(yīng)給予心理疏導(dǎo),加強(qiáng)情志護(hù)理,引導(dǎo)患者樹(shù)立高度的治療自信心,在治療過(guò)程中保持高度配合和依從性。同時(shí)也要加強(qiáng)功能鍛煉護(hù)理,在患者主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉中,護(hù)理人員應(yīng)全程陪護(hù),并給予相應(yīng)的指導(dǎo)與幫助。
綜上所述,在腦中風(fēng)后偏癱患者治療過(guò)程中,中西醫(yī)結(jié)合康復(fù)護(hù)理的應(yīng)用價(jià)值突出,尤其在提高治療效果方面具有較高的適用性,可在臨床上進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐和普及。
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