馮 凱

(湖南大學 機械與運載工程學院, 湖南 長沙, 410082)

氣體軸承與干氣密封由于采用氣體來實現(xiàn)完全非接觸懸浮和密封，所以具有損耗低、效率高和壽命長等特點，能夠滿足裝備超高速、超精密、高效率和長壽命等極端性能需求，已成為精密制造、能源動力和航空航天等領(lǐng)域高端裝備轉(zhuǎn)型升級的引領(lǐng)性技術(shù).隨著氣浮裝備服役環(huán)境復雜程度的不斷提高，對氣浮部件的承載能力、穩(wěn)定性和適應性等方面提出了更高的要求.氣體軸承與干氣密封技術(shù)涉及潤滑與密封機理、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、部件材料、高性能制造、性能檢測以及系統(tǒng)集成等多個領(lǐng)域.近年來，在國家重點研發(fā)計劃等項目的牽引和氣浮裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)化浪潮的推動下，國內(nèi)氣浮技術(shù)在基礎(chǔ)研究和產(chǎn)業(yè)化應用等方面都取得了不少的進展.各位專家和學者從極端工況下氣浮部件的潤滑機理與性能分析、面向性能需求的氣浮部件結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法、氣浮部件與系統(tǒng)的耦合分析與集成設(shè)計以及氣浮部件與系統(tǒng)的性能檢測與評價等多個層次進行了大量的工作，取得了大量的重要成果.

《摩擦學學報》推出了“氣體潤滑與干氣密封”專輯，旨在反映近期我國高校、科研院所以及企業(yè)在氣浮部件領(lǐng)域的最新研究進展.專輯內(nèi)包含13篇最新研究論文包括：接觸式機械密封混合潤滑狀態(tài)摩擦演化規(guī)律研究；基于流體動壓原理的密封槽型優(yōu)化方法；多斜孔節(jié)流氣浮支承的微振動特性研究；實現(xiàn)振動解耦的摩擦學行為模擬試驗臺設(shè)計方法；分片式可變間隙徑向滑動軸承混合潤滑研究；基于端面振動測量的機械密封摩擦學行為試驗研究；小孔節(jié)流空氣靜壓止推軸承平面跨縫試驗研究；柔性箔片氣膜密封實際表面狀態(tài)下的聲發(fā)射信號特征；新型自沖擊密封的泄漏特性與封嚴機理初探；表面形貌對浮動式箔片氣膜密封性能的影響分析；用于微重力試驗的氣磁混合懸吊單元研制；懸臂止推箔片軸承三維流-固-熱耦合數(shù)值分析；隨機工況主動式動壓型干氣密封調(diào)控力智能預測及其算法性能對比研究.本專輯收集了國內(nèi)高水平研究團隊在氣體潤滑與干氣密封方面的研究成果，包括潤滑機理、建模分析、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、系統(tǒng)集成、性能測試以及工程應用等，希望通過這期專輯論文的整理和發(fā)表，能夠吸引更多的專家學者致力于氣浮技術(shù)的研究，提升我國氣體潤滑與干氣密封領(lǐng)域的研究和應用水平，促進我國氣體潤滑與干氣密封產(chǎn)業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展.

在本專輯出版之際，謹向?qū)Ρ緦］嫿o予支持的西安交通大學、天津大學、北京化工大學、中國計量大學、昆明理工大學和江蘇海洋大學等單位表示誠摯的謝意！也衷心感謝相關(guān)審稿專家及《摩擦學學報》編輯部為本專輯的策劃出版所做的大量工作.

Preface to Special Issue “Gas Lubrication and Dry Gas Sealing”

FENG Kai
(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University, Hunan Changsha 410082,China)

Gas bearings and dry gas seals have the characteristics of low loss, high efficiency, and long service life due to the use of gas to achieve completely non-contact suspension and sealing.They can meet the extreme performance requirements of equipment, such as ultra high speed, ultra precision, high efficiency and long service life.They have become leading technologies for the transformation and upgrading of high-end equipment in precision manufacturing,energy power and aerospace.With the increasing complexity of the service environment of air flotation equipment,higher requirements have been put forward for the load-bearing capacity, stability and adaptability of air flotation components.Gas bearings and dry gas sealing technology involve multiple fields such as lubrication and sealing mechanisms, structural optimization, component materials, high-performance manufacturing, performance testing and system integration.In recent years, driven by national key research and development plans and the wave of industrialization of air flotation equipment, domestic air flotation technology has made significant progress in basic research and industrial applications.Experts and scholars have conducted extensive work on the lubrication mechanism and performance analysis of air suspension components under extreme operating conditions, performance oriented structural optimization design methods for air suspension components, coupling analysis and integration design of air suspension components and systems, as well as performance testing and evaluation of air suspension components and systems, and have achieved significant results.

Tribology releases an issue titled "Gas Lubrication and Dry Gas Sealing", aiming to reflect the latest research progress in the field of air bearing components in universities, research institutes and enterprises of China.The album contains 13 latest research papers, including frictional evolution of contact mechanical seals with hybrid lubrication;optimization method of seal groove shape based on hydrodynamic pressure principle; micro-vibration characteristics of aerostatic bearing with multiple inclined orifice restrictor; design method of tribological behavior simulation experiment device for vibration decoupling; mixed lubrication of multi-pad journal bearing with variable clearance; experimental research on tribological behavior of mechanical seal based on face vibration measurement; experimental study on plane cross joint of air static thrust bearing with small orifice throttling; variation of surface roughness on acoustic emission signal characteristics of compliant foil gas sea; initially search on leakage characteristics and sealing mechanism of a new type self-impact seal; impact analysis of surface morphology on floating foil film sealing performance;development of an air-magnetic hybrid suspension unit for microgravity testing; 3D thermal-elasto-hydrodynamic numerical analysis of multi-leaf gas foil thrust bearing; intelligent prediction of control force of active hydrodynamic pressure dry gas seal under random conditions and comparative study of its algorithm performance.This issue collects the research achievements of high-level domestic research teams in gas lubrication and dry gas seals, including lubrication mechanisms, modeling analysis, structural design, system integration, performance testing and engineering applications.It is hoped that through the organization and publication of this issue, more experts and scholars can be attracted to the research of air flotation technology.The research and application level in the field of gas lubrication and dry gas seals in China can be improved, promoting the vigorous development of China's gas lubrication and dry gas sealing industry.

On the occasion of the publication of this issue, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Tianjin University, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China Jiliang University, Kunming University of Science and Technology and Jiangsu Ocean University for their support.I would also like to express my sincere thanks to the relevant reviewers and the editorial department of the Tribology for their great efforts in the planning and publication of this issue.