鄧浩 周呂俊 張海成 羅恒軍 謝靜 向偉 邱文彬 陳龍慶
本工作采用電化學工作站研究了電子束熔化技術(EBM)成形TC4樣品和傳統(tǒng)鍛造TC4在3.5 wt% NaCl溶液中的電化學腐蝕行為.結果表明EBM成形TC4樣品的非平衡微觀結構使其與傳統(tǒng)鍛造的TC4相比,表現(xiàn)出不同的耐腐蝕性.EBM成形TC4樣品與鍛件TC4相比,EBM成形樣品不同平面存在耐蝕性差異,而且EBM水平面大于鍛件,EBM垂直面小于鍛件.EBM成形TC4樣品垂直面出現(xiàn)的腐蝕性能的各向異性主要是β柱狀晶導致的.在腐蝕的過程中,點蝕優(yōu)先發(fā)生在α晶界,因為晶界能量較高,形成多孔的鈍化層.本項工作有助于豐富增材制造制備TC4合金在航空鈦合金領域的腐蝕性能研究.
TC4鈦合金; 電子熔化技術; 增材制造技術; 化學腐蝕
TG142A2023.034002
收稿日期: 2022-10-21
基金項目: 四川省科技廳重點研發(fā)計劃(2022YFG0102, 2021YFH0174)
作者簡介: 鄧浩(1993-), 重慶南川人, 博士, 主要研究方向為材料成形.E-mail: denghaoscu@126.com
通訊作者: chenlongqing@scu.edu.cn
Comparison study of corrosion behavior between electron beam melting formed and forged Ti6Al4V alloys
DENG Hao1, ZHOU Lü-Jun 2, ZHANG Hai-Cheng 1,3, LUO Heng-Jun 1,XIE Jing 1, XIANG Wei 1, QIU Wen-Bin2, CHEN Long-Qing 2
(1. Wanhang Die Forging Co., Ltd., China National Erzhong Group Co., Ltd., Deyang 618013, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)
In this work, the electrochemical dissolution behavior of electron beam melting (EBM)-formed TC4 samples and conventionally forged TC4 in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated by using an electrochemical workstation. The results show that the non-equilibrium microstructure of the EBM formed TC4 samples makes them exhibit different corrosion resistance compared to the conventionally forged TC4. The corrosion resistance of the EBM formed TC4 samples differs in different planes compared to the forged TC4, with the EBM horizontal plane being larger than the forged one, but the EBM vertical plane being smaller than the forged one. The anisotropy of the corrosion properties appearing in the vertical plane of the EBM formed TC4 samples is mainly caused by the β-columnar grain. In the process of corrosion, pitting preferentially occurs at α grain boundaries because of the higher grain boundary energy and the formation of porous passivation layers. This work is helpful to enrich the study of corrosion energy of TC4 alloy prepared by additive manufacturing in the field of aerospace titanium alloys.
TC4 titanium alloy; Electron melting technology (EBM); Additive manufacturing technology (AM); Chemical corrosion
1 引 言
鈦(Ti)及其鈦合金具有優(yōu)異的綜合性能,如低密度、高比強度、耐腐蝕、無磁、無毒等,因此被廣泛應用在生物醫(yī)學、海洋和航空航天等領域[1-4].TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)是典型的α+β雙相結構的鈦合金,強度和塑性匹配極佳,是應用最廣泛的通用鈦合金之一[5, 6].近幾年,由于航空工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,部件輕量化設計的要求也越來越高,因而采用鈦合金替代傳統(tǒng)碳鋼的趨勢越發(fā)顯著.另一方面,隨著設計理念的不斷升級,新型部件逐漸向集成化、拓撲性發(fā)展[7],由原來的多個部件焊接或栓接轉變?yōu)檎w制造成形,由原來的規(guī)則、實心構型轉變?yōu)閺碗s、鏤空構型.這對傳統(tǒng)制造工藝提出了極大的挑戰(zhàn):材料利用率將更低,加工周期將更長,成品率將更低.而且最為關鍵的是,大部分優(yōu)化設計結構無法采用傳統(tǒng)工藝進行制造.這些都極大地限制了航空工業(yè)的發(fā)展.增材制造技術[8, 9](Additive Manufacturing,AM)是新發(fā)展起來的有別于傳統(tǒng)工藝的顛覆性制造技術,基于離散-堆積的原理,能夠直接近凈成形無限復雜的結構部件.并且經(jīng)過多年的不斷發(fā)展和進步,該技術已經(jīng)能夠生產(chǎn)出近乎完全致密、力學性能媲美鍛造工藝的構件.因此,AM技術被認為是傳統(tǒng)制造工藝的極好補充.在眾多AM