崔翠菊
1. Whats the matter? 怎么了?
【解析】Whats the matter?意為“怎么了?”“出什么事了?”,通常用于詢問(wèn)某人哪里不舒服或遇到了什么麻煩,也可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某物出了什么毛病或有什么問(wèn)題。matter后面可以加上with sb. / sth.。如:
—Whats the matter with Helen? 海倫怎么了?
—She has a fever. 她發(fā)燒了。
—Whats the matter with the clock? 這個(gè)鬧鐘怎么了?
—It doesnt work. 它不走了。
【拓展】Whats the matter (with sb. / sth.)?相當(dāng)于Whats wrong (with sb. / sth.)?,兩者可以互換使用。如:
Whats the matter with Su Yang?
= Whats wrong / the trouble with Su Yang? 蘇陽(yáng)怎么了?
【典型例題】—You dont look well.__________with you?
— I have a fever and cant stop coughing.
A. Whats happening B. What is it
C. Whats on D. Whats the matter
【答案剖析】D. 考查“Whats the matter?”句型。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“我發(fā)燒了并且不停地咳嗽”可知,問(wèn)句表示“你怎么了?”,故選D。
2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作為一名登山者,阿隆習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。
【解析】be used to (doing) sth. 意為“習(xí)慣于(做)某事”,其中to是介詞,其后要接名詞、代詞或V-ing形式。與其類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有g(shù)et used to (doing) sth.,但二者用法略有不同:be used to (doing) sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“習(xí)慣了”這個(gè)狀態(tài),而get used to (doing) sth. 表示“逐漸習(xí)慣”,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是由“不習(xí)慣”到“習(xí)慣”的這個(gè)過(guò)程。如:
We are used to the weather in the south of China. 我們習(xí)慣了中國(guó)南方的天氣。
I do a lot of housework every day, so Im used to it. 我每天做很多家務(wù),已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了。
Dad is used to looking through the newspaper before going to bed.
爸爸習(xí)慣了在睡覺(jué)前瀏覽報(bào)紙。
James soon got used to the life in the new school. 詹姆斯很快就適應(yīng)了新學(xué)校的生活。
These young men have got used to staying up at night. 這些年輕人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了熬夜。
【拓展】used to do sth. 意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”,表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成否定句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)常用didnt use to do sth.和Did ... use to do sth.? 如:
Andy used to play the guitar, but now he is interested in playing basketball.
安迪過(guò)去常常彈吉他,但現(xiàn)在他對(duì)打籃球感興趣。
be used to do有“被用來(lái)……”之意,to為不定式符號(hào),其后要接動(dòng)詞原形。如:
Wood is always used to make desks and chairs. 木料常被用來(lái)做桌椅。
【典型例題】(2021·廣西·百色) I used to__________at half past six, but now I am getting used to__________at seven.
A. getting up; get up B. get up; getting up
C. got up; getting up D. got up; get up
【答案剖析】B. 考查used to do sth.和get used to doing sth.句型,前者意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”;后者意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。根據(jù)句意可知選B。
3. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 有了你的幫助,我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒”(狗名)。
【解析】在make, think, find, feel等動(dòng)詞之后如果要接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),而賓語(yǔ)又帶一個(gè)形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將動(dòng)詞不定式放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后,即“主語(yǔ) + make / find / feel / think + it (形式賓語(yǔ)) + 形容詞或名詞 (賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)) + 動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ) (真正賓語(yǔ))”。如:
Does eating too much chocolate make it easier lead to get fat?
吃太多的巧克力會(huì)令我們更容易發(fā)胖嗎?
I think it easy to answer the question. 我認(rèn)為回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題很容易。
The boys find it very interesting to play soccer. 男孩們覺(jué)得踢足球很有趣。
【典型例題】The computer makes__________possible for many people to work at home.
A. this B. it
C. that D. one
【答案剖析】B. 考查make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.句型,意為“使(某人)做某事成為可能”,其中it是形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。形容詞possible充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況或狀態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知選B。
(作者單位:山東省東明縣大屯鎮(zhèn)初級(jí)中學(xué))
初中生學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)·提升版2023年5期