姜春艷

Aquatic plants are plants that can grow in water. They playa crucial role in the restoration and reconstruction of freshwaterecosystems， transforming turbid water into clean water. Accordingto their lifestyle， aquatic plants are generally categorized intoemergent plants， floating-leaved plants， submerged plants， andfloating plants.

水生植物是能夠在水中生長的植物。它們能將渾濁的水轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榍宄旱乃?，在淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的修復(fù)和重建中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。根據(jù)它們的生活方式，水生植物通常被分為挺水植物、浮葉植物、沉水植物和漂浮植物。

The roots and stems of emergent plants grow in the bottommud of the water， while the stems and leaves rise above thewaters surface. Emergent plants typically thrive in shallow water.The parts above the waterexhibit characteristicssimilar to those of landplants. Common emergentwater plants include reeds，lotus， bamboo shoots， andothers.

挺水植物的根、莖生長在水的底泥中，而莖、葉則挺出水面。挺水植物通常生長在淺水區(qū)域，水面以上的部分顯示出類似陸地植物的特征。常見的挺水植物有蘆葦、蓮花、竹筍等。

floating-leaved plantshave roots that grow on thebottom of the water， but theirleaves float on the surface. Thestomata of such plants are usually distributed on the upper surfaceof the leaves. These plants experience significant transpiration，and their leaves often have a waxy surface. Examples of commonfloating-leaved leaf plants include water lily， blue lotus， and others.

浮葉植物的根生長在水底，但它們的葉片漂浮在水面上。這類植物的氣孔通常分布在葉子的上表面。這些植物經(jīng)歷大量的蒸騰，它們的葉子通常具有一層蠟質(zhì)表面。常見的浮葉植物包括睡蓮和藍(lán)蓮花等。

Submerged plants referto large aquatic plants whoseentire body is located belowthe waters surface. They liveunderwater， with all parts ofthe plant absorbing water andnutrients from the aquaticenvironment. Submerged plants have well-developed aerationtissues， and their leaves are mostly ribbon-like or filamentous.Examples of submerged plants are goldfish， black algae， wheelalgae， and others.

沉水植物是指整個(gè)植物體都位于水面下的大型水生植物。它們生活在水下，植物的所有部分都能從水環(huán)境中吸收水分和營養(yǎng)。沉水植物的通氣組織發(fā)達(dá)，葉子大多為帶狀或絲狀，如金魚藻、黑藻和輪藻等。

Floating plants have their entire bodies floating on the waterssurface， but their roots do not grow in the bottom mud. Somefloating plants grow and reproduce rapidly， impacting the waterenvironment. Examples oftypical floating plants includewater hyacinth， duckweed， andothers.

漂浮植物的整個(gè)植物體漂浮在水面上，但根部不生長在水的底泥中。一些漂浮植物生長和繁殖非常迅速，影響水環(huán)境。典型的漂浮植物包括水葫蘆和浮萍等。

Now， can you distinguish between emergent plants， floatingleavedplants， submerged plants， and floating plants？ Give it a try！

現(xiàn)在，你能區(qū)分挺水植物、浮葉植物、沉水植物和漂浮植物嗎？試試看吧！

Look at this picture and answer the following questions.

1. Is A floating or emergent plant in the picture？

2. Is B in the picture a floating plant or a submerged plant？

3. Is C in the picture a floating plant or a floating-leaved plant？

4. What type of aquatic plant is D in the picture？

5. Is E in the picture an emergent plant？

6. Is water lily a floating-leaved plant？

7. Is water hyacinth a floating plant？

8. What kind of aquatic plant is goldfish？

9. Are reeds submerged plants？

10. Do floating plants sink to the bottom？