張崇禮
摘要:本文主要討論了上博《周易》的三個(gè)問題:第一,把第一簡原釋為“擊”的字改釋為“動(dòng)”。第二,根據(jù)第九簡“原”字的寫法,認(rèn)定尚秉和先生釋“原筮”為“野筮”是正確的。第三,把第十二簡原讀為“終”的字,改釋為“忡”。
關(guān)鍵詞:楚簡;周易;擊蒙;原筮;君子有終
中圖分類號(hào):B221文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1003-3882(2008)02-0033-02
Three notes on the characters and words in the Zhouyi of bamboo slips manuscript collected by Shanghai Museum
ZHANG Chong-li
(College of Literature and Journalism,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)
Abstract:This paper mainly discusses three issues on the Zhouyi of bamboo slips manuscript collected by Shanghai Museum: the character copied on the first bamboo slip is interpreted as dong “動(dòng)”,which was originally as ji “擊”; its confirmed correct that Mr. SHANG Bing-he interpreted yuan shi “原筮” as ye shi “野筮”,in accordance with the form of the character yuan “原” copied on the ninth bamboo slip; the character,pronounced originally as zhong “終” on the twelfth bamboo slip,is interpreted as chong “ 忡” instead.
Key words: Chu bamboo slips manuscript; Zhouyi; ji meng; divine in open country; superior man maintains his success to the end
一
第一簡《蒙》卦:“上九:A尨?!逼渲械腁,原字形作,今本《周易》作“擊”。整理者濮茅左先生釋為“”,并解釋說:“《睡虎地秦墓竹簡·秦律·司空》‘所弗問而久之,‘字也作此形?!?濮茅左《(楚竹書)<周易>(釋文考釋)》,以下凡引濮先生考釋皆出自此)[1]
按:濮先生用作主要證據(jù)的睡虎地秦簡的“”字,原字形作,與A相比較,雖然右半從“殳”與從“攵”可以相通,但左半差別很大。從從纟的“系”字見于上博《周易》第五十四簡,作,其左半中部從“田”形是非常明顯的,這與睡虎地秦簡的“”字相合,而A字左半中部從“目”形,差別較大,所以A并不是“”字。
A應(yīng)是“動(dòng)”字。這種寫法的“動(dòng)”也見于郭店楚簡《性自命出》第十簡,作(圖版第61頁)[2],從重從攵?!爸亍弊忠娪诠瓿啞冻芍勚返谑?,作(圖版第49頁)[2],與A字左半完全相同。
《性自命出》第九至十簡說:“凡性,或動(dòng)之,或逆之……凡動(dòng)性者,物也;……”(釋文注釋第179頁) [2]