句子:警察警告司機們不要酒后駕車。
誤譯:Police warns the drivers not to drive after drinking wine.
正譯:Police warns the drivers not to drive after drinking.
解釋:在漢語中,“飲酒”或“喝酒”是一個典型的動賓結(jié)構(gòu),但是在英語中卻不需要譯成 drinking wine這樣的動賓結(jié)構(gòu),而是依據(jù)一定的語境譯為drinking就可以了。
同樣地,漢語說“讀書”,英語只要譯成reading就可以,而不必說reading books。例如,“我喜歡讀書”譯為I am fond of reading就可以了,而不必譯為 I am fond of reading books。
“酒后駕車”指“在酒精影響下駕車”,我國法律規(guī)定“駕駛員每百毫升血液或呼吸中,酒精含量大于20毫克而小于80毫克為酒后駕車”。 英語可以譯為to drink and drive, to drive after drinking, to drive under the influence of alcohol, to drive under influence,或者簡稱 為DUI。例如:
1. 警察因這名司機酒后駕車而拘留了他。The policeman detained the driver for drinking and driving.
2. 唯一可以阻止酒后駕車的方法是給違法者更加嚴(yán)厲的處罰。The only way to prevent driving under the influence is to mete out stiffer penalties to violators.
3. 這個人因被懷疑酒后駕車而被拘留。The man was detained by the police for suspicion of DUI.
“醉酒駕駛”指“在醉酒狀態(tài)下駕車”,我國法律規(guī)定“駕駛員每百毫升血液或呼吸中,酒精含量大于或等于80毫克為醉酒駕駛”。英語名詞可以譯為drunk driving, drunken driving, intoxicated driving,動詞可以譯為to drive while drunk, to drive while intoxicated,或簡稱 DWI。例如:
4. 醉酒駕車容易導(dǎo)致交通事故。Drunk driving can easily cause traffic accidents.
5. 他因醉酒駕駛被罰款500元。He was fined 500 yuan for driving when intoxicated.
6. 這名男子因被懷疑醉酒駕車而被拘留。The man was taken into custody on suspicion of DWI.▲
(本欄目供稿:王逢鑫教授)