秦璐,崔杰,王聰聰,陳霞
(山西大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院與應(yīng)用化學(xué)研究所,山西 太原 030006)
2-(1-芐基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-)吡啶及其鎳(Ⅱ)配合物的合成及結(jié)構(gòu)的確定
秦璐,崔杰,王聰聰,陳霞*
(山西大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院與應(yīng)用化學(xué)研究所,山西 太原 030006)
以2-乙炔基吡啶、芐基氯、疊氮化鈉為原料通過Click Chemistry的方法,合成一種新的“Click”配體,并對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行X-射線單晶衍射表征.再與后過渡金屬NiBr2(DME)作用,合成其金屬配合物,對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行紅外光譜、元素分析表征.
“Click”配體;鎳(Ⅱ)配合物;銅催化
“Click Chemistry”[1]——“點(diǎn)擊化學(xué)”,是一種快速合成大量化合物的新方法,目前,該方法已滲透到聚合物的合成等領(lǐng)域[2].其主要在非催化及銅催化[3]的疊氮化物-炔環(huán)加成反應(yīng)中得以體現(xiàn).本文以2-乙炔基吡啶、芐基氯、疊氮化鈉為原料合成“Click”配體,同時(shí)得到其晶體,并進(jìn)行了X-射線單晶衍射,確定了該化合物的結(jié)構(gòu).再與NiBr2(DME)反應(yīng),得到其金屬配合物,并通過紅外光譜、元素分析對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了確定.合成路線如圖1所示.
圖1 目標(biāo)化合物的合成路線Fig.1 Synthetic route to the compound 1,2
2-乙炔基吡啶,芐基氯,疊氮化鈉,溴化鎳(DME),N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,無水碳酸鈉,抗壞血酸,硫酸銅,無水硫酸鈉,二氯甲烷:經(jīng)鈉絲處理回流后使用.所用試劑均為分析純.
Flash-EA 1112微分析儀,Perkin Elmer FI-IR 2000紅外光譜儀.
配體1的合成參照文獻(xiàn)[4-5].具體過程:20 m L(4∶1)的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水混合液中,加入芐基氯(0.50 m L,4.4 mmol),疊氮化鈉(0.30 g,4.8 mmol),無水碳酸鈉(0.624 g,6.0 mmol),硫酸銅(0.492 g,2.4 mmol),抗壞血酸(0.84 g,4.8 mmol),然后加入2-乙炔基吡啶(0.40 m L,4.0 mmol),室溫下攪拌反應(yīng)混合物20 h后,變?yōu)辄S色濁液,用乙酸乙酯萃取有機(jī)相,并用水洗.有機(jī)相用無水硫酸鈉干燥,過濾除去無水硫酸鈉,旋干溶劑,得到無色透明固體0.726 g,產(chǎn)率77%.熔點(diǎn):95℃.IR(KBr;cm-1):3 104.9,2 948.9,2 164.9,2 030.1,1 978.5,1 709.4,1 599.1,1 571.3,1 544.8,1 492.9,1 455.8,1 434.5,1 346.9,1 210.9,1 151.0,1 077.2,1 041.6,901.9,854.0,780.8,706.6.元素分析(質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)%),C14H12N4:理論值C 71.17,H 5.12,N 23.71;實(shí)測(cè)值 C 69.77,H 5.10,N 23.04.
氮?dú)獗Wo(hù)下,取配體1(0.235 g,0.996 mmol)于Schlenk瓶中,加入20 m L二氯甲烷,為無色溶液.然后加入溴化鎳(DME)(0.30 g,0.996 mmol),室溫下攪拌1 h,有淺褐色沉淀生成,靜置,濾出沉淀,抽干溶劑后,得0.348 g淺褐色固體[6-10],產(chǎn)率65%.熔點(diǎn):大于300 ℃.IR(KBr;cm-1):3 329.6,3 081.2,3 027.0,2 164.4,1 978.6,1 612.0,1 577.9,1 478.7,1 449.3,1 427.5,1 364.3,1 337.7,1 266.8,1 214.7,1 204.0,1 155.4,1 113.8,1 095.0,1 078.8,1 057.2,1 017.9,992.2,914.5,870.2,731.5,695.2.元素分析(質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)%),C14H12Br2NiN4:理論值 C 36.97,H 2.66,N 12.32;實(shí)測(cè)值 C 36.03,H 3.04,N 11.71.
化合物1的合成較為簡(jiǎn)單,在常溫下反應(yīng)20 h即可.從配體1的紅外光譜數(shù)據(jù)來看,3 104.9 cm-1處的吸收峰表示苯環(huán)上=C-H 的伸縮振動(dòng),1 599.1 cm-1,1 571.3 cm-1,1 544.8 cm-1,1 434.5 cm-1為苯環(huán)的骨架振動(dòng)吸收峰,證明有苯環(huán)存在,1 455.8 cm-1為-CH2-吸收峰,1 041.6 cm-1為C-N的吸收峰,901.9 cm-1為芳環(huán)上C-H彎曲振動(dòng)的吸收峰,706.6 cm-1處有吸收峰表示有單取代苯環(huán).
圖2是化合物1的X-射線衍射晶體結(jié)構(gòu)圖.從圖中我們可以明確地看出,該化合物中吡啶的炔化物與苯的疊氮化物通過“Click”反應(yīng)得到單一的一個(gè)1,2,3-三唑環(huán)合物,由于這個(gè)五元環(huán)的影響,使得整個(gè)化合物為扭曲的結(jié)構(gòu).其中,鍵角分別為:C7-N4-N3(111.25°),C7-N4-C8(128.69°),C8-N4-N3(119.87°),N2-N3-N4(106.78°),C6-C5-N1(115.75°),C4-C5-C6(121.30°),C6-N2-N3(108.84°),C8-C9-C14(120.54°),C8-C9-C10(120.22°),C6-C7-N4(104.61°),C7-C6-N2(108.53°),C5-C6-N2(122.68°),C5-C6-C7(128.78°),C9-C8-N4(111.96°),其中,在1,2,3-三唑五元環(huán)合物中,鍵長(zhǎng)分別為:C(7)-N(4)為1.342 6?,N(3)-N(4)為1.354 6?,N(2)=N(3)為1.318 4?,C(6)=C(7)為1.373 9?,N(2)-C(6)為1.363 2?,而C(5)-C(6)鍵長(zhǎng)為1.473 0?,明顯比C(6)=C(7)要長(zhǎng).由于空間位阻的關(guān)系,1,2,3-三唑五元環(huán)合物中N2,N3,N4通過C(5)-C(6)旋轉(zhuǎn)到了吡啶基團(tuán)中N原子的另一側(cè).因此,該配體與金屬作用時(shí)比較困難,反應(yīng)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng),最終使得目標(biāo)化合物呈扭曲結(jié)構(gòu).
圖2 化合物1的分子結(jié)構(gòu)Fig.2 Molecular structure of compound 1
配合物2的制備應(yīng)在氮?dú)獗Wo(hù)條件下進(jìn)行,實(shí)驗(yàn)操作要按照Schlenk技術(shù)進(jìn)行.該反應(yīng)時(shí)間較短,產(chǎn)率較高.從紅外光譜數(shù)據(jù)中看,配合物2在3 081.2 cm-1處有吸收峰,為苯環(huán)=C-H的伸縮振動(dòng)吸收峰;其次,1 612.0 cm-1,1 577.9 cm-1,1 427.5 cm-1處有吸收峰,為芳環(huán)的骨架振動(dòng),證明有苯環(huán)存在;再次,1 612.0 cm-1,1 577.9 cm-1,1 427.5 cm-1處有吸收峰,為芳環(huán)的骨架振動(dòng),證明有苯環(huán)存在;1 449.3 cm-1處出現(xiàn)吸收峰,表示存在-CH2-;在1 057.2 cm-1處有C-N的吸收峰;914.5 cm-1為芳環(huán)上C-H彎曲振動(dòng)的吸收峰;695.2 cm-1處出現(xiàn)吸收峰,說明存在單取代苯環(huán).
本文以2-乙炔基吡啶為基本原料,最終由“Click”反應(yīng)得到一種新的配體化合物,該化合物結(jié)構(gòu)已由X-射線單晶衍射確定,同時(shí)制備了其鎳(Ⅱ)的配合物,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行表征.
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Synthesis and Structural Studies of 2-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine and Its Nickel(Ⅱ)Complex
QIN Lu,CUI Jie,WANG Cong-cong,CHEN Xia
(SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China)
A new kind of“Click”ligand was prepared by the reaction of 2-Ethynylpyridine with benzyl chloride and sodium azide by way of Click Chemistry,the compound 1 was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction,and it was reacted with NiBr2(DME).The complexes were characterized by IR spectrum and elemental analysis.
Click ligand;nickel(Ⅱ)metal complex;copper catalyse
O621.3
A
0253-2395(2011)S2-0036-03
2011-09-24
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(21072120);山西省科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(20110321055)
秦璐(1987-),女,山西忻州人,碩士研究生.*通訊聯(lián)系人:E-mail:chenxia@sxu.edu.cn
山西大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)2011年2期