王英博,丁 瑋
(上海師范大學(xué)數(shù)理學(xué)院,上海 200234)
一類具p-Lap lace算子的邊值問(wèn)題研究
王英博,丁 瑋
(上海師范大學(xué)數(shù)理學(xué)院,上海 200234)
研究了一類具p-Laplace算子的二階三點(diǎn)邊值問(wèn)題,并且給出這個(gè)邊值問(wèn)題的格林函數(shù).再利用上下解和單調(diào)迭代法,得出了這個(gè)方程極值解存在的充分條件.
p-Laplace算子;上下解;單調(diào)算子;線性邊值問(wèn)題
邊值問(wèn)題理論在微分方程中是非常重要的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域.在近些年,邊值問(wèn)題由于其廣泛的理論與實(shí)際背景而備受關(guān)注,見(jiàn)文獻(xiàn)[1-7].比如在物理學(xué)弦振動(dòng)問(wèn)題中,常常會(huì)遇到方程求解,這時(shí)就需要考慮實(shí)際背景,也就是要添加其邊值條件.研究邊值問(wèn)題的方法有很多,文獻(xiàn)[ 1,2]利用Mawhin的延續(xù)定理,上下解問(wèn)題[ 1,8],單調(diào)迭代方法[3],等等.在這些方法中,利用上下解和單調(diào)迭代方法是證明邊值問(wèn)題極限解存在性的一種非常有用的方法,見(jiàn)[ 6, 7, 9,10].
然而,由于有些問(wèn)題的性質(zhì)不同,使得對(duì)它們的研究更加困難.目前有很多文章[ 11,12]是研究線性邊值條件的,但研究非線性邊值條件的就比較少了[13],而研究p-laplace算子的就更少了[ 14,15].原因在于p-laplace算子會(huì)使問(wèn)題變得更加復(fù)雜.
在這篇文章中,考慮了如下帶有p-laplace算子的邊值問(wèn)題:
引理1.1如果δ> 1,f∈C(I×R,R+),下列邊值問(wèn)題:
有唯一解,并且唯一解x(t)≤ 0,t∈( 0,1).
證明 對(duì)(2)的第一個(gè)方程從η到t積分,得:
由δ> 1,f∈C(I×R,R+)得x(t)≤ 0,利用引理1.1及其方法,可得下面的結(jié)論.
推論1.1如果δ> 1,f∈C(I,R+),則邊值問(wèn)題:
有解x(t)≤ 0,t∈( 0,1).
引理1.2 如果δ> 1,則問(wèn)題(1)有唯一解:
證明對(duì)(1)第一個(gè)方程從0到t積分,得
對(duì)上式從η到t積分,有:
代入邊界條件x′(0)= 0,x(1)=δx(η),得:
定義1.1α0被稱作邊值問(wèn)題(1)的上解,當(dāng)α0滿足下列條件:
改變不等號(hào)的方向,可以定義邊值問(wèn)題(1)的下解β0.
在本文中,定義空間C與算子A如下:
同時(shí),下面兩個(gè)假設(shè)成立.
引理1.3假設(shè)(H1),(H2)成立,且δ> 1,則AC?C.
證明對(duì)?ξ∈C.令γ=Aξ,由A的定義與引理1. 3,得:
分兩步證明結(jié)論成立.
第一步,有:
根據(jù)推論1. 2,可得u≤ 0,則γ′≤α0′.
第二步,令v(t)=γ(t)-α0(t),由第一步知v′(t)=γ′(t)-α0′(t)≤ 0,由邊界條件v(1)=δv(η),再根據(jù)引理1. 1,可得v≤ 0,則γ≤α0.
同理可證,γ≥β0,γ′≥β0′.
對(duì)α0,β0∈C,定義β0≤α0,β0(t)≤α0(t),t∈( 0,1).
定理2.1當(dāng)(H1),(H2)成立,且δ> 1,設(shè)α0和β0是邊值問(wèn)題(1)的下解和上解,并且有β0(t)≤α0(t),t∈( 0,1),則存在單調(diào)序列{αn(t)}(↘),{βn(t)}(↗)分別一致收斂與邊值問(wèn)題(1)的極限解y*(t)與y*(t).y*(t),y*(t)∈[β0,α0].
證明將分4步證明.
第一步,證β0≤Aβ0,Aα0≤α0.由C的定義與引理1. 4,可以直接得出上述結(jié)論.
第二步,當(dāng)β0≤ξ1≤ξ2≤α0時(shí),證Aξ2≤Aξ1.
所以y*與y*是(1)的極限解.
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Nonlinear boundary value problem s w ith p-Laplace operator
WANG Yingbo,DINGWei
(College of Mathematics and Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
We study the second-order three-point boundary value problem with a p-Laplacian operator,and give the expressions of the Green's function for the boundary problems.By themonotone iterativemethod,sufficient conditions for extreme solutions are obtained.An example is given to illuminate the effectiveness of themain result.
p-Laplace operator;upper and lower solution;monotone operator;nonlinear boundary value problems
O 175.2
A
1000-5137(2013)02-0125-05
(責(zé)任編輯:馮珍珍)
2012-12-10
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(11271261)
王英博(1986-),男,上海師范大學(xué)數(shù)理學(xué)院研究生;丁 瑋(1968-),女,上海師范大學(xué)數(shù)理學(xué)院教授.
上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)·自然科學(xué)版2013年2期