張 珉 黃 波 張 玲 呂威力
1.沈陽(yáng)醫(yī)學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院病理教研室,沈陽(yáng) 110034;2.遼寧省腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科,沈陽(yáng) 110042
IGF2R在非小細(xì)胞肺癌中的表達(dá)及與腫瘤進(jìn)展的相關(guān)性研究
張 珉1黃 波2張 玲1呂威力1
1.沈陽(yáng)醫(yī)學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院病理教研室,沈陽(yáng) 110034;2.遼寧省腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科,沈陽(yáng) 110042
目的 探討胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子2受體(IGF2R)在非小細(xì)胞肺癌(NSCLC)組織中的表達(dá)情況與臨床病理因素的關(guān)系。 方法 收集80例NSCLC組織及10例癌旁正常肺組織石蠟標(biāo)本制成切片,利用免疫組織化學(xué)染色(SP)法檢測(cè)IGF2R的表達(dá),并分析其與各種臨床病理因素的關(guān)系。 結(jié)果IGF2R主要定位于細(xì)胞膜及細(xì)胞質(zhì),80例NSCLC組織中,46例(57.5%)為高表達(dá),在非癌性肺組織中弱表達(dá)或無(wú)明顯表達(dá)。IGF2R表達(dá)同低級(jí)別pTNM分期(P=0.038)、局部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移減少(P=0.021)相關(guān)。 結(jié)論 IGF2R的表達(dá)與NSCLC低級(jí)別pTNM分期、局部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移減少相關(guān)。
胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子2受體;非小細(xì)胞肺癌;腫瘤標(biāo)志物;免疫組織化學(xué)
胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子2受體(insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor,IGF2R)屬于Ⅰ型膜整聯(lián)蛋白,穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下,約90%的IGF2R定位于細(xì)胞內(nèi),其余10%位于細(xì)胞膜表面,其對(duì)于胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子2(insulin-like growth factor 2,IGF-2)等配體具有高親和性,對(duì)腫瘤的發(fā)展可起到抑制作用[1-3]。IGF2R蛋白在非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)組織中的表達(dá)情況及意義目前尚無(wú)報(bào)道,本實(shí)驗(yàn)將探討IGF2R在NSCLC組織中的表達(dá)水平及其與肺癌臨床病理因素之間的關(guān)系,深入研究IGF2R與NSCLC發(fā)生、發(fā)展的關(guān)系。
選取2003~2006年遼寧省腫瘤醫(yī)院手術(shù)切除并經(jīng)病理確診的NSCLC標(biāo)本80例,10例對(duì)照標(biāo)本取自同期距離癌灶邊緣>5 cm并經(jīng)HE染色證實(shí)的正常
肺組織。所有患者術(shù)前均未接受放、化療。80例肺癌標(biāo)本中,男性41例,女性39例;年齡40~78歲,中位年齡59歲;將肺癌標(biāo)本根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織2004年的分類(lèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為鱗癌34例,腺癌46例;其中高分化11例,中分化27例,低分化42例;淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移49例。臨床病理分期根據(jù)國(guó)際抗癌聯(lián)盟 (International Union Against Cancer,UICC)1997年修訂的肺癌pTNM分期標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Ⅰ期15例,Ⅱ期32例,Ⅲ期33例。
1.2.1 免疫組織化學(xué) 所有標(biāo)本均用10%中性甲醛溶液固定,石蠟包埋,制成4 μm切片,采用SP法檢測(cè)IGF2R蛋白的表達(dá)情況。IGF2R單克隆抗體購(gòu)自美國(guó)Abcam公司,SP法試劑盒及DAB顯色試劑盒購(gòu)自福州邁新生物技術(shù)公司。切片滴加IGF2R一抗(1∶100)4℃濕盒內(nèi)孵育過(guò)夜,次日按照SP試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行染色,DAB顯色,蘇木素復(fù)染。以PBS代替一抗作為空白對(duì)照。細(xì)胞染色強(qiáng)度以細(xì)胞著色陰性、淡黃色、黃棕色、深棕褐色分別記0、1、2、3分;染色范圍以著色細(xì)胞量占腫瘤細(xì)胞<10%、11%~25%、26%~75%及>75%分別記0、1、2、3分,兩項(xiàng)計(jì)分相乘為最終得分(0~9分),得分≤4分為低表達(dá),>4分為高表達(dá)。
所得數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,免疫組織化學(xué)染色結(jié)果各組間的比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)及Fisher確切概率法,以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
免疫組織化學(xué)染色顯示,IGF2R主要定位于細(xì)胞質(zhì)及細(xì)胞膜(圖1),80例NSCLC組織中,46例(57.5%)為高表達(dá),在非癌性肺組織中弱表達(dá)或無(wú)明顯表達(dá)。IGF2R表達(dá)與低pTNM分期(P=0.038)、局部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移減少(P=0.021)相關(guān),與患者年齡(P=0.498)、性別(P=0.506)、腫瘤組織類(lèi)型(P=0.648)、腫瘤分化水平(P=0.655)、腫瘤 T 分期(P=0.260)等均無(wú)相關(guān)性(表 1)。
A.肺腺癌;B.肺鱗癌
表1 IGF2R表達(dá)與NSCLC臨床病理特征的關(guān)系[n(%)]
IGF2R屬于Ⅰ型膜整聯(lián)蛋白,結(jié)構(gòu)上與胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子1受體(insulin-like growth factor receptor,IGF-1R)及胰島素受體(insulin receptors,IR)具有同源性,對(duì)IGF-2具有高親和性,且親和性大于胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子 1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1),對(duì)于胰島素?zé)o親和性[4]。IGF2R具有抑制腫瘤的作用,在體內(nèi)、體外均可抑制細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)[2],主要是因?yàn)椋孩買(mǎi)GF2R可以結(jié)合并降解IGF-2,IGF-2在多種腫瘤組織中高表達(dá),IGF-2與IGF-1R結(jié)合將激活信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路,發(fā)揮促進(jìn)細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)、增殖、分裂及抑制凋亡的作用,相反,如果IGF-2同IGF2R結(jié)合后將被內(nèi)吞并轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至溶酶體降解[1-2];②轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子 β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)前體可結(jié)合于IGF2R并被激活,通過(guò)相關(guān)信號(hào)通路進(jìn)一步抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)[5-6];③IGF2R可結(jié)合細(xì)胞外溶酶體酶并將其轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至細(xì)胞內(nèi)溶酶體,減少活性酶對(duì)細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)的降解,抑制腫瘤侵襲[1-2]。IGF2R功能的缺失常與腫瘤進(jìn)展相關(guān),肝癌、乳腺癌等多種腫瘤組織中IGF2R基因出現(xiàn)雜合性丟失或突變,部分突變發(fā)生在IGF2R與TGF-β等配體的結(jié)合區(qū),可能影響IGF2R發(fā)揮抑瘤作用[7]。腫瘤細(xì)胞DNA的錯(cuò)配修復(fù)系統(tǒng)常遭到破壞并引發(fā)微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定性,在胃癌等腫瘤中微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定性可發(fā)生在IGF2R基因編碼區(qū),導(dǎo)致編碼的IGF2R蛋白被截短失去與細(xì)胞膜結(jié)合的功能域而形成可溶性蛋白或被進(jìn)一步降解,引起IGF2增高和TGF-β減少,使腫瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)及運(yùn)動(dòng)失去控制,促進(jìn)腫瘤的發(fā)展[2-3,6,8-15]。
IGF2R與NSCLC發(fā)展關(guān)系的研究多集中于基因?qū)用妫涸诜西[癌組織中IGF2R基因常發(fā)生雜合性丟失并在IGF-2結(jié)合部位編碼區(qū)發(fā)生突變[3],在IGF2R基因3′非編碼區(qū)的IGF2R-A2/B2變異可降低基因轉(zhuǎn)錄的穩(wěn)定性,并與腫瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)、增殖及病情進(jìn)展相關(guān)[16]。IGF2R蛋白在NSCLC組織中的表達(dá)及其臨床病理意義目前尚無(wú)報(bào)道,本研究通過(guò)免疫組織化學(xué)染色方法首次發(fā)現(xiàn)NSCLC組織中IGF2R表達(dá)與低級(jí)別pTNM分期(P=0.038)及局部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移減少(P=0.021)相關(guān),但與患者年齡(P=0.498)、性別(P=0.506)、腫瘤組織類(lèi)型(P=0.648)、腫瘤分化水平(P=0.655)、腫瘤T分期(P=0.260)等均無(wú)相關(guān)性,提示IGF2R可能發(fā)揮抑制NSCLC進(jìn)展的作用,這與現(xiàn)有基因水平的研究結(jié)果一致,但I(xiàn)GF2R具體發(fā)揮抑癌作用機(jī)制是否與其介導(dǎo)IGF-2降解、TGF-β激活以及溶酶體轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)等途徑相關(guān)尚需進(jìn)一步研究。
作為具有抑制腫瘤發(fā)展作用的蛋白,IGF2R在NSCLC組織中低表達(dá)的機(jī)制目前尚不十分清楚,可能的原因:①部分IGF2R等位基因全部突變的肺鱗癌細(xì)胞可能因抗原識(shí)別表位結(jié)構(gòu)改變使IGF2R抗體無(wú)法識(shí)別;②基因突變使IGF2R蛋白結(jié)構(gòu)改變而更易于降解;③IGF2R等位基因中的一個(gè)由于遺傳印記作用在肺癌細(xì)胞中常發(fā)生沉默[3,17]。由于IGF2R基因突變是肝癌等多種腫瘤發(fā)展過(guò)程中的早期事件,該指標(biāo)同樣也可作為NSCLC發(fā)展的早期分子標(biāo)志物[3,18]。
綜上所述,IGF2R高表達(dá)與NSCLC進(jìn)展呈負(fù)相關(guān),IGF2R有可能成為NSCLC篩查、診斷及治療的新靶點(diǎn)。
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Correlation study of IGF2R expression in non-small cell lung cancer and tumor progression
ZHANG Min1HUANG Bo2ZHANG Ling1LV Wei-li1
1.Department of Pathology,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang 110034,China;2.Department of Pathology,Liaoning Cancer Hospital,Shenyang 110042,China
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical significance of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor(IGF2R)in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens from 80 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 10 normal lung tissues adjacent to the cancer tissues were collected.The expressions of IGF2R protein were detected by immunohistochemistry,and its relationship with various clinical pathological factors was analyzed.ResultsIGF2R mainly located in cell membrane and cytoplasm,among 80 lung cancer specimens,46 samples showed high expression levels of IGF2R(57.5%),IGF2R was not detected or weakly positive stained in nonneoplastic lung specimens.High expression of IGF2R was correlated with low pTNM(P=0.038)and reduced lymph node metastasis(P=0.021).ConclusionHigh expression of IGF2R correlate with low pTNM and reduce lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.
IGF2R;Non-small cell lung cancer;Tumor marker;Immunohistochemistry
R734.2
A
1674-4721(2014)04(c)-0012-03
2014-03-09 本文編輯:林利利)