楊子巖+梁平+汪欽+雷小英+盧茲凡+郭晏海+向安
[摘 要] 目的:了解微體系辣根過氧化物酶(HRP)催化化學(xué)發(fā)光與其濃度的相關(guān)性。方法:將HRP經(jīng)核酸序列偶聯(lián)于毛細(xì)管微腔內(nèi),通入微量反應(yīng)底物進(jìn)行化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè);分析HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光反應(yīng)與其濃度的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:毛細(xì)管內(nèi)HRP催化1.5μL底物的化學(xué)發(fā)光反應(yīng)可分成急速衰減區(qū)(3.5×10-4~1.3×10-4μg/μL)、衰減延緩區(qū)(9.7×10-5~3.3×10-5μg/μL)和發(fā)光平穩(wěn)區(qū)(1.0×10-5~6.7×10-7μg/μL);濃度為3.5×10-4~6.7×10-6μg/μL的HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率RLUs/T>0且兩者線性相關(guān)(R2=0.967)。結(jié)論:分析微體系HRP濃度與化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)的線性相關(guān)性,為微體系HRP化學(xué)發(fā)光定量檢測(cè)生物分子提供新策略。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 微反應(yīng)體系;辣根過氧化物酶;化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減;線性相關(guān)性
中圖分類號(hào):R331 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):2055-5200(2014)01-001-05
Doi: 10.11876/mimt201401001
Linear relationship between concentration of HRP and its chemoluminescence decays in the micro-channel system YANG Zi-yan1,LIANG Ping2,WANG Qin2,LEI Xiao-ying2,LU Zi-fan2,GUO Yan-hai2,XIANG An2.(1. The second cadets team of Pharmacy School, the Fourth Military Medical University,710032;2. Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University;Institute of Gene diagnosis, PLA 710032)
[Abstract] Objective: Research the relationship between the concentration of horseradish peroxidase(HRP) and its chemiluminescence (CL) decays in micro-channel system. Method: Immobilize the HRP-streptavidin into a hydroxylation capillary, the micro-channel reaction system model in this study, with a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) sequences that modify with biotin and amidogen. The relative luminescence units (RLUs) were being detected by a portable detector after injecting micro liter scale reaction substrates. Then the relationship between concentration of HRP and RLUs was been analysis through linear regression. Result: There were three RLUs characteristic regions, content rapidly decay in 3.5×10-4~1.3×10-4μg/μL, slowly decay in 9.7×10-5~ 3.3×10-5μg/μL and steady region of 1.0×10-5~ 6.7×10-7μg/μL, basic on the rate of decay of RLUs for different HRP concentration. Most important, the rate of decay of RLUs (RLUs/T) was linearly related to the concentration of HRP (3.5×10-4~6.7×10-6μg/μL, R2=0. 967). Conclusion: The research of the linear relationship between concentration of HRP and RLUs/T afforded novel strategy for quantitative determination of biomolecules through chemiluminescent analysis in micro-channel system.
[Key words] micro-channel system; horseradish peroxidase (HRP); chemiluminescence decays; linear relativity
前 言
微/納米反應(yīng)體系[1-2]辣根過氧化物酶(HRP)催化化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè)所需試劑/樣品用量少、反應(yīng)快且高效靈敏,在核酸[3]、抗原/抗體[4-6]等生物分子檢測(cè)中應(yīng)用廣泛。由于微體系比表面積大、反應(yīng)效率高、底物容量有限等因素,即使暉光型底物也會(huì)被快速消耗[7]。由此導(dǎo)致的化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減增加了微體系HRP濃度與化學(xué)發(fā)光強(qiáng)度的量效關(guān)系分析難度。新型反應(yīng)底物/穩(wěn)定劑[8]、流動(dòng)注射進(jìn)樣[9]和快敏檢測(cè)器[10-13]等研究雖在一定程度上提高了微體系HPR催化化學(xué)發(fā)光穩(wěn)定性,但也增加了檢測(cè)試劑成本和儀器價(jià)格。
為研究毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)偶聯(lián)HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減趨勢(shì)隨HPR濃度的變化,首先將不同濃度HRP通過核酸序列偶聯(lián)于毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi);再加入反應(yīng)底物后進(jìn)行HRP催化學(xué)發(fā)光反應(yīng),檢測(cè)其化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)強(qiáng)度值(RLUs);進(jìn)而分析微體系內(nèi)不同濃度HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)強(qiáng)度,及其衰減率(RLUs/T)與HRP濃度的相關(guān)性。最終為微體系化學(xué)發(fā)光定量檢測(cè)生物分子提供新的分析策略。
1 材料與方法
1.1 主要實(shí)驗(yàn)材料及儀器
鏈霉親和素標(biāo)記辣根過氧化物酶(碧云天生物技術(shù)有限公司,上海),化學(xué)發(fā)光反應(yīng)底物(賽默飛世爾科技有限公司,美國),玻璃毛細(xì)管(華西醫(yī)科大學(xué)(現(xiàn)四川大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院)儀器廠,成都),毛細(xì)管化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè)儀 (天隆科技有限公司/第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué),西安),核苷酸連接臂(NH2-5-T10-3-biotin(生工生物工程有限公司,上海),3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、戊二醛等硅烷化試劑、硝酸溶液、氫氧化鈉等化學(xué)試劑(SIGMA中國有限公司,北京),超純水(Milli-Q Century超純水系統(tǒng),美國)。
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和步驟
1.2.1 毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)辣根過氧化物酶的固定 玻璃毛細(xì)管內(nèi)壁羥基化、氨基化、醛基化處理后,經(jīng)核苷酸序列(NH2-5-T10-3-biotin)將鏈霉親和素-HRP固定于毛細(xì)管內(nèi)壁。詳細(xì)方法參照[14, 15]。1. 玻璃毛細(xì)管(長10.0cm,內(nèi)徑300μm)經(jīng)HCl、NaOH處理進(jìn)行羥基化;2. 經(jīng)10%的3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTES)/甲苯溶液處理進(jìn)行氨基化;3. 經(jīng)10%戊二醛的磷酸緩沖液(PBS,pH7.0)進(jìn)行醛基化處理;4. 檢測(cè)端吸入20μM的5氨基/3生物素修飾寡核苷酸1.5μL(完成毛細(xì)管2cm區(qū)段標(biāo)記),室溫/避光水平放置24h;5. 以0.1%十二烷基硫酸鈉(SDS)溶液和水溶液清洗,毛細(xì)管浸入5%脫脂牛奶磷酸緩沖液(PBS, pH7.2)于37℃封閉2h;6. 以1.5μL不同濃度鏈霉親和素-HRP磷酸緩沖液(PBS, pH7.2)吸入毛細(xì)管標(biāo)記端,放置30min,PBS清洗,48h內(nèi)使用。
1.2.2 毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)固定HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光 將偶聯(lián)有不同濃度(3.5×10-4~6.7×10-7μg/μL)HRP的毛細(xì)管檢測(cè)端吸入1.5μL現(xiàn)配化學(xué)發(fā)光底物A、B液等體積混合物,檢測(cè)化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)發(fā)光強(qiáng)度,并分析一定時(shí)期內(nèi)RULs衰減率[(RLUs1-RLUs2)/(T1-T2),簡寫為RLUs/T]。
1.2.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析 所有數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件、Origin7.0科學(xué)繪圖軟件完成實(shí)驗(yàn)中相對(duì)發(fā)光值(RLUs), RLUs/T分析,數(shù)據(jù)作圖處理。
2 結(jié)果與討論
毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)不同濃度(3.5×10-4~6.7×10-7 μg/μL)HRP催化1.5μL底物化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)強(qiáng)度(RLUs)可分成急速衰減區(qū)、緩慢衰減區(qū)和平穩(wěn)區(qū),具有不同RLUs衰減特征。
2.1 急速衰減區(qū)化學(xué)發(fā)光分析
2.2 衰減延緩區(qū)化學(xué)發(fā)光分析
毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)濃度處于9.7×10-5~3.3×10-5μg/μL的HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)強(qiáng)度(RLUs)特征如圖2。初始RLUs接近檢測(cè)上限(9999 RLUs),經(jīng)6min或更長時(shí)間衰減為零。與急速衰減區(qū)類似,無法從某時(shí)間點(diǎn)RLUs定量HRP濃度(圖2a)。HRP濃度與化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)明顯線性相關(guān)(R2=0.948),如圖2b。隨著HRP濃度下降,單位時(shí)間消耗底物量開始下降,導(dǎo)致此區(qū)化學(xué)發(fā)光初始RLUs下降,反應(yīng)期延長。為此出現(xiàn)不同濃度HRP化學(xué)發(fā)光RLUs變化出現(xiàn)交錯(cuò)。但HRP濃度與發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)仍線性相關(guān)。
2.3 發(fā)光平穩(wěn)區(qū)化學(xué)發(fā)光分析
毛細(xì)管微體系內(nèi)濃度處于1.0×10-5~6.7×10-7μg/μL的HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光相對(duì)強(qiáng)度(RLUs)特征如圖3。各濃度HRP初始RLUs和整個(gè)反應(yīng)期的RLUs水平已有明顯差異,發(fā)光反應(yīng)6.5min后的RLUs并未如急速衰減區(qū)和延緩衰減區(qū)衰減為零,各濃度HRP的RLUs也未發(fā)生交錯(cuò)(圖3a)。各濃度HRP化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)如圖3b, HRP>6.7×10-6μg/μL時(shí),HPR催化化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)與其濃度仍然具有線性相關(guān)性(R2=0.948)。HRP>6.7×10-6μg/μL,即RLUs/T>0,HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光RLUs具有衰減趨勢(shì)(初始值 RLUsT0>反應(yīng)期T1時(shí)RLUsT1)。RLUs/T≤0,HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光RLUs無變化或是有上升趨勢(shì),此時(shí)的RLUs/T與HRP濃度間無線性相關(guān)性。
2.4 全程化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率分析
3 結(jié)論
微體系HRP化學(xué)發(fā)光分析具有試劑/樣品用量少,反應(yīng)迅速,檢測(cè)靈敏度高等優(yōu)勢(shì)。在生物分子檢測(cè)方面具有廣闊應(yīng)用前景。但受腔道容量限制,所能容納的底物量十分有限。其化學(xué)發(fā)光反應(yīng)衰減迅速,特別是較高濃度HRP情況下很難直接以發(fā)光強(qiáng)度值進(jìn)行HRP定量分析。在前期研究基礎(chǔ)上,本研究以毛細(xì)管微通道為微反應(yīng)體系模型,模擬微體系HRP酶促化學(xué)發(fā)光定量檢測(cè)偶聯(lián)核酸序列濃度,通過分析毛微體系內(nèi)不同濃度HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減特征,發(fā)現(xiàn)HRP濃度與化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/T)在較寬濃度范圍具有線性相關(guān)性。 通過化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率(RLUs/ T)定量檢測(cè)HRP濃度,可有效解決直接基于化學(xué)發(fā)光強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行微體系HRP定量檢測(cè)范圍窄,檢測(cè)期短等缺點(diǎn)。其不足在于,如高濃度HRP催化化學(xué)發(fā)光RLU后期波動(dòng)較大;化學(xué)發(fā)光衰減率需基于一定時(shí)期的RLUs差值與時(shí)間比值,因而增加了檢測(cè)的復(fù)雜度,也降低了檢測(cè)的時(shí)效性。但作為一種新的分析策略,它為微體系HRP化學(xué)發(fā)光分析在核酸、抗原/抗體等生物大分子定量檢測(cè)方面提供新思路。
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)
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[3] Tracy Jordan,Lee Walus,Alex Velickovic,et al.A competitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of rmp-7 in human blood[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,1996,14(12):1653-1662.
[4] Bert Gold,DANIELA Radu,Alla Balanko,et al.Diagnosis of fragile x syndrome by southern blot hybridization using a chemiluminescent probe: a laboratory protocol[J].Molecular Diagnosis,2000,5(3):169-178.
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[7] Girotti S, Ferri E, Ghini S, et al. Direct quantitative chemiluminescent assays for the detection of viral DNA[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1991, 255(2):387-394.
[8] TSUKAGOSHI K,JINNO N,NAKAJIMA R.Development of a micro total analysis system incorporating chemiluminescence detection and application to detection of cancer markers[J].Analytical chemist ry.,2005,77(6):1684-1688.
[9] BOWIE R A,ACHTERBERG P E,MANTOURA F C R,et al.Determination of sub-nanomolar levels of iron in seawater using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection[J].Anal Chim Acta,1998,361(3):189-200.
[10] HUANG bo,LI Jianjun,ZHANG le,et al.On-line chemiluminescence detection for capillary ion analysis[J]. Anal Chem,1996,68(14):2366-2369.
[11] Friesel, Milan,Baranowski, Bogdan,Lunden, Arnold. Pressure dependence of the transition to the proton conducting phase of cshso 4 , cshseo 4 and rbhseo 4 studied by differential scanning calorimetry[J].Solid State Ionics,1989,35(1-2):85-89.
[12] 李紅梅,陳佳,徐斐,等.ELISA測(cè)定中TMB顯色體系的優(yōu)化及其穩(wěn)定性研究[J].生物技術(shù)通報(bào),2010,(2):126-130.
[13] Manfred Renz , Christina Ku.A colorimetric method for dna hybridization[J].Nucleic Acids Res.,1984,8(12):3435-3444.
[14] Thomas P. Whitehead,Gary H. G. Thorpe,Timothy J. N. Carter,et al.Enhanced luminescence procedure for sensitive determination of peroxidase-labelled conjugates in immunoassay[J].Nature,1983,3(05):158-159.
[15] Zhen Guo, Richard A. Guilfoyle, Andrew J. Thiel,et al.Direct fluorescence analysis of genetic polymorphisms by hybridization with oligonucleotide arrays on glass supports[J].Nucleic Acids Res.,1994,24(22):5456-5465.
[16] 楊維平,章竹君. 固體表面發(fā)光法測(cè)定辣根過氧化物酶的研究[J]. 陜西師大學(xué)報(bào):自然科學(xué)版,1995,23(2):59-61.
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)
[1] LIU Y,LI Y.An antibody-immobilized capillary column as a bioseparator/bioreactor for detection of escherichia colio157:h7 with absorbance measurement[J].Analytical che mistry.,2001,73(21):5180-5183.
[2] 王瑛.核酸的非同位素化學(xué)發(fā)光分析系統(tǒng)[J].生物工程進(jìn)展,1995,(3):18-24.
[3] Tracy Jordan,Lee Walus,Alex Velickovic,et al.A competitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of rmp-7 in human blood[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,1996,14(12):1653-1662.
[4] Bert Gold,DANIELA Radu,Alla Balanko,et al.Diagnosis of fragile x syndrome by southern blot hybridization using a chemiluminescent probe: a laboratory protocol[J].Molecular Diagnosis,2000,5(3):169-178.
[5] NAKANO K,NAKAO T,SCHRAM K H,et al.Urinary excretion of modified nucleosides as biological marker of rna turnover in patients with cancer and aids.[J].Clin Chim Acta,1993,218(2):169-83.
[6] DUFFY M J.Can molecular markers now be used for early diagnosis of malignancy?[J].Clin Chem,1995,41(10):1410-3.
[7] Girotti S, Ferri E, Ghini S, et al. Direct quantitative chemiluminescent assays for the detection of viral DNA[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1991, 255(2):387-394.
[8] TSUKAGOSHI K,JINNO N,NAKAJIMA R.Development of a micro total analysis system incorporating chemiluminescence detection and application to detection of cancer markers[J].Analytical chemist ry.,2005,77(6):1684-1688.
[9] BOWIE R A,ACHTERBERG P E,MANTOURA F C R,et al.Determination of sub-nanomolar levels of iron in seawater using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection[J].Anal Chim Acta,1998,361(3):189-200.
[10] HUANG bo,LI Jianjun,ZHANG le,et al.On-line chemiluminescence detection for capillary ion analysis[J]. Anal Chem,1996,68(14):2366-2369.
[11] Friesel, Milan,Baranowski, Bogdan,Lunden, Arnold. Pressure dependence of the transition to the proton conducting phase of cshso 4 , cshseo 4 and rbhseo 4 studied by differential scanning calorimetry[J].Solid State Ionics,1989,35(1-2):85-89.
[12] 李紅梅,陳佳,徐斐,等.ELISA測(cè)定中TMB顯色體系的優(yōu)化及其穩(wěn)定性研究[J].生物技術(shù)通報(bào),2010,(2):126-130.
[13] Manfred Renz , Christina Ku.A colorimetric method for dna hybridization[J].Nucleic Acids Res.,1984,8(12):3435-3444.
[14] Thomas P. Whitehead,Gary H. G. Thorpe,Timothy J. N. Carter,et al.Enhanced luminescence procedure for sensitive determination of peroxidase-labelled conjugates in immunoassay[J].Nature,1983,3(05):158-159.
[15] Zhen Guo, Richard A. Guilfoyle, Andrew J. Thiel,et al.Direct fluorescence analysis of genetic polymorphisms by hybridization with oligonucleotide arrays on glass supports[J].Nucleic Acids Res.,1994,24(22):5456-5465.
[16] 楊維平,章竹君. 固體表面發(fā)光法測(cè)定辣根過氧化物酶的研究[J]. 陜西師大學(xué)報(bào):自然科學(xué)版,1995,23(2):59-61.
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)
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