英文摘要

s of Major Articles in This Issue

National security appeal of U.S. critical language education policy

LI Yanhong

American critical language education (CEL) policy is a collection of measures and plans to support critical foreign language education. It is security-driven with the goal of increasing national language capacity to help achieve national strategic objectives in security, prosperity, value and foreign policy. This paper finds that amid the security appeals of the CLE policy, national language capacity is viewed by the U.S. government as a core force in national security, competitiveness in economic prosperity, and a tool to diffuse American value and ensure leadership in international communications.

Interactions between agencies involved in the U.S. security-oriented language planning

DAI Kunling; MA Xiaolei

The formulation of any policy is a process of political interaction among multiple agencies, which involves conflicts, adjustments, cooperation and compromises. As a country that lays great emphasis on national security, the U.S. has taken many effective measures in the initiation, implementation and evaluation of its security-oriented language policy. Based on the framework of language planning proposed by Cooper,this study aims to investigate agencies involved in security-oriented language planning and their interaction patterns and effects in different stages by collecting data from five dimensions: stages, events, actors, actor’s behaviors and interaction patterns.

State language promotion and national identity construction——An analysis of Slovakia language policy

HE Shanhua

Immediately after its establishment, the Slovak Republic decided to make the Slovak language its state language and promoted it as a core attribute of the Slovak nation. This movement extended the application of the language, united the nationalism parties, and eventually contributed to the construction of national identity. However, it also exacerbated ethnic conflicts and jeopardized the international image of the country.The related progress is a result of the development of domestic and international situations, but more importantly is the choice of the Slovakia political elites.

A review of indigenous language education policies in Brazil

YE Zhiliang

This paper reviews the indigenous language education policies in Brazil, with a special focus on policies aimed at promoting the inheritance of indigenous languages and the motivations of the Brazilian government. The main policy is to set up indigenous language schools and implement bilingual education: the official language plus one indigenous language. Various measures are taken by the Brazilan government, including setting up specialized administrative departments, compiling various special textbooks and training bilingual teachers, which will promote indigenous language inheritance and transmission of the official language, strengthen national identity and defend national sovereignty.

Research on the actors of language planning

BAI Juan

Language planning is an activity that includes multi-agents, multi-dimensions,multi-levels and multi-variables. Research on actors of macro-language planning is mostly accomplished by nations or governments, while research on micro-language planning since 1990s has been closely connected with the local language ecology,with its actors more diverse and personalized. Based on previous studies and language planning realities, the paper exemplifies the actors of language planning on some hot issues and empirical researches on language in contemporary China. It is concluded that dynamic roles of language use as actors should be paid more attention to in future research in the area.

Trends and motivation analysis of language life abroad

XIONG Wenxin

Language situation is an embodiment of language practices. The people’s attitudes toward language and language use, and national language policies can be identified through the examination of the daily language life in a country. A large amount of language events from online mainstream western media was extracted and collected for further analysis by means of the technology of information retrieval. The data are categorized and depicted as topics on language legislation, language services and language development. The change of language policy is scrutinized from three perspectives, i.e., language policy mandated and implemented by language administration, language ideologies from grassroots and groups in language communities, and the intervention of supernational organizations.