楊麗麗

【摘 要】as人詞性靈活，詞義豐富，能引導多種句式，每種句式又有許多的考點，所以研究as在文中教學的幾種用法是十分有價值的。

【關(guān)鍵詞】詞義；倒裝；句式

記得一位同事曾對我說，她大學的畢業(yè)論文就是《as的幾種用法》。在教學實踐中我發(fā)現(xiàn)as確實有靈活的詞性，豐富的詞義，引導多種句式，所以總結(jié)如下，如果能給廣大同仁或?qū)W生幾許積累，幾分啟迪那是再好不過的了。

一、詞義

（一）在牛津雙解詞典中as有如下幾個意思：

1.①prep象、如同、似dressed as a policeman 穿著打扮像警察②作為a job as a pailon 包裝的工作③由于鑒于As he is her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence 由于他是她的私人秘書；他有機會接觸她所有的信件。④在···的時候 As a child， She was sent to six different schools. 她小時候曾被送進六所不同的學校學習過。

2.adv、as……as（介詞）①as tall as his father 和他父親一樣②as…as（連詞）He looks as ill as he souded on the phone.從電話里聽他病的不輕，現(xiàn)在看上去真是病的那么重。

（二） 在高中階段，我認為劉說誠老師編導的學生使用英漢詞典是實用的。這里所編進的詞意有以下幾點：

①adv.同樣，一樣 Tom runs fast，but I run just as fast.

②pron a.像…樣的人或物 the same as

b.這一點 as follows

③prep 作為 as a teacher

④conj a.比較 as white as snow

b.如同 Do it as I do. c.當···時候I need the letter as I walked along the river.d.由于 We all like her as she is kind.e.以至于He raised his voice so as to be heard.f.Tired as they were ，they walked on.

⑤as 構(gòu)成的短語as for 對于，就···而論As for me，I have nothing to say

⑥as…as 結(jié)構(gòu)中第一個as是副詞

第二個as是連詞，否定時也可以寫成not so…as

⑦在比較中的倍致表達為同級比較

a.A is as…as B 譯為：A和B一樣… as與as之間加形容詞原級b.A is 倍數(shù)as…as B 譯為：A是B的···倍c.A is not as/so…asB 譯為：“A不如B”d.A is halt（a quarter） as…as is 譯為：A是B人一半（1/4）。

二、as的實際應用

在高中的學習中，結(jié)合近幾年高考對as的考查，我把as分成幾種情況介紹。

1.as是介詞

As是介詞后面加名詞或代詞的賓格形式。僅此一點就可以和連詞區(qū)分開來，高中學習中as也作連詞，而連詞后面一定加的是句子。As作為介詞的用法較簡單，常出現(xiàn)在完形或單選中。

如：2010全國卷

As a child，he studied in a villaye school，which is named after his grandfather.

分析：As是介詞翻譯為“作為”

2、as是連詞

As作為連詞可以連接時間狀語從句，方式狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀從句和非限定性定語從句。

a、如：時間狀語從句As time went by ，he grew wp .b、如：方式狀語從句Do it as I told you. c.如：讓步狀語從句

1.Strong as he is，he could not move the stone.

Much as he I loves her，he did not go with her.

Child as he is，he knew eveny

Try as he might，he failed

出題人往往愿意在這一環(huán)節(jié)中出現(xiàn)考題。如：95考題

_______，he doesnt study well.

A.As he is clever B.He is as clever

C.Clever as he is D.As clever he is

分析：答案是C“盡管他很聰明，都不好好學習”as引導讓步狀語從句，表語clever 提到as之前，構(gòu)成倒裝語序。

d、如：原因狀語從句

84年高考題

We had better hurry ____ it is gettry dark.

A、and B.lout C.as D.unless

分析：答案為C。as引導原因狀語從句翻譯為“因為”。

e、as引導同級比較，倍數(shù)問題。

如：94年上海高考題

With the help of the German experts，the favtong predwud cars in 1993 as the year loefone，endprint

A.as twice many B.as many as twice C.as twice as many D.twice as many

分析：答案為D as形容詞原級加as

在各校模擬題中：

______，he is fawous for unitng bloys

A.As he is a teacher B.A teacher as he is

C.A teacher although he is D.Teacher as he is

答案是D 當名詞至于as前時，前為零冠詞。

As的考點很多，像引導限定性定語從句。就詳細講解了as和which的區(qū)別，首先在意思上的區(qū)別as翻譯為“正如”，而which指前面某物或整個一件事。其次在位置上，as的位置靈活，可置句首也可置句中；而which只能引導限定性定句從句，置于主句之后。

They said they were French，which wasnt true，他們是法國人，是在撒謊。

Which引導從句置于主句之后，which指代前面“他們說他們是法國人”整個這件事。

As Engels point out ，labour created man himself .正如思想其于指正的，勞動創(chuàng)造了人。

As翻譯為“正如”能夠放在主句之前。

如：高考題

we know，more than 70% percent of the earth is covered with water.

A.which B.As C.Because D.That

分析：答案為“B” 翻譯為：正如我們知道的，地球超過70%是水覆蓋的。

As譯為“正如”在從句中充當賓語，置于句首。

在as結(jié)合成的短語中

a.有as long as 譯為“像····一樣”或“只要”

As long as you stndy hard ，you will make great progress.只要很努力學習，就會取得很大進步b.the same as 譯為：與···是同類This is the same tool as I used last time. 這和我上次用的是同一種工具c. as far as I am concerned 譯為“據(jù)我所知”As soon as she heard the news， she came to tell us about it.她一聽到這消息就來告訴了我們.

e. as if 可以引出虛擬語氣

三、知識整合

As的用法很多，只要我們在教學中多總結(jié)、多歸納，就會想出提綱挈領(lǐng)的學習方法。把as的用法用知識樹的結(jié)構(gòu)表達出來，更易于學生的掌握

②狀語從句

條件

這樣的學習就會達到事半功倍的效果。endprint