朱新輝++易珍
摘要:從腹瀉型腸易激綜合征的病機特點入手,結(jié)合現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學對腸易激綜合征的認識,痛瀉要方并非是從肝脾論治腹瀉型腸易激綜合征的惟一方劑。腸易激綜合征病在腸胃,關(guān)乎心肝二臟。心與腸胃生理上經(jīng)絡(luò)連屬、互為表里,病理上相互影響、上下傳變;"肝與大腸相通",肝主疏泄之職,司脾升胃降,助大腸傳導(dǎo),無使氣機壅滯,致土不疏木,滲泄中滿之證。
關(guān)鍵詞:腸易激綜合征;泄瀉;肝脾失調(diào)
Theoretical Treatment of Heart Liver Spleen Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Clinical Analysis
ZHU Xin-hui,YI Zhen
(Gao'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Gao'an 330800,Jiangxi,China)
Abstract:From the aspect of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome pathogenesis characteristic, combined with modern medicine understanding of irritable bowel syndrome, pain not from liver and spleen s differentiation only prescription of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome. Irritable bowel syndrome disease in the intestines and stomach, about two dirty heart. Heart and gastrointestinal physiological nelumbo, each list of main and collateral channels, pathologically influence each other, the up and down; "Liver and colon are interlinked," liver factor, spleen and stomach descending, help e. conduction, no angry machine indicates lag, not thin wood to soil, full of the seepage drainage.
Key words:Irritable bowel syndrome; Diarrhea; Disorder of liver and spleen
腸易激綜合征為功能性胃腸病中的一種功能性腸病,以腹痛或腹部不適伴排便習慣改變和或糞便性質(zhì)改變的功能性腸病,該病缺乏可解釋癥狀的形態(tài)學改變和生化異常。腸易激綜合癥之腹瀉型患者,多為腹痛即泄,泄后痛緩為特點,吳鶴皋云:"瀉責之于脾,痛責之于肝,肝責之實,脾責之虛。脾虛肝實故令痛瀉"。傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)之泄瀉多從"肝、脾"兩臟論治,認為肝失疏泄,脾失健運而出現(xiàn)肝脾不和,肝氣乘脾之候, 臟腑氣機不利,傳導(dǎo)失司而致泄瀉,治法多為疏肝健脾、滲濕止瀉為方,有一定療效,卻不夠理想,容易復(fù)發(fā)?,F(xiàn)代人們生活節(jié)奏快,壓力大,腸易激綜合征患者不僅有腹瀉腹痛,并且多有精神抑郁、焦慮、煩躁不安,朱教授認為本病不僅應(yīng)從"肝脾"論治,亦從"心"論治。明代著名張介賓在《類經(jīng)》中說:"心為臟腑之王[1],而總統(tǒng)魂魄,……故憂動于心則肺應(yīng),思動于心則脾應(yīng),怒動于心則肝應(yīng),恐動于心則腎應(yīng),此所心五志唯心所使也",對臨床上情緒不暢,焦慮憂思的患者,朱教授采用解郁安神、疏肝健脾之法,均取得良好療效。
1臨床資料
馮某,女,32歲,公司職員,因解水樣便4月余就診?;颊?月來日均解水樣便3~5次,腹痛即解,解后痛緩,無粘液膿血,無里急后重感,每因情緒不暢、抑郁時癥狀加重,服用思密達、左氧氟沙星等抗炎藥后癥狀無明顯緩解[2],入院癥見:精神差,面色萎黃,胸肋脹痛,伴乏力、眠差,舌苔薄白,脈細。初診為"泄瀉",予以酸棗仁30g、合歡皮12g、白術(shù)20g、白芍20g、陳皮10g、防風10g、法夏10g、干姜10g、黃芩10g、蒼術(shù)10g、厚樸10g,共十劑,并開導(dǎo)患者,囑其放寬心情、條暢情志、勞逸結(jié)合;二診患者泄瀉緩解,大便1次~2次/d,色黃、條狀,無腹痛癥狀,面色紅潤,精神佳,納眠可,舌紅苔薄白,脈弦,予酸棗仁、合歡皮加四君子湯,繼服7劑;三診患者大便一次一行或二行,無腹痛,精氣神俱佳,仍予酸棗仁、合歡皮加四君子湯,隨診一年患者未再出現(xiàn)腹瀉癥狀。
2討論
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學從生物-心理-社會疾病模式進一步認識IBS的發(fā)病機制,有人甚至將腸易激綜合征歸于心身疾病之列,"心"為君主之官,任萬物而主神明,主不明則下不安,心神不安可見心煩、失眠、焦慮、抑郁,肝脾內(nèi)應(yīng)則內(nèi)傷其藏氣,則心失所養(yǎng)、肝失條達、脾失健運而出現(xiàn)心虧肝郁脾虛之候,發(fā)為泄瀉等癥[3],現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)從心肝脾三方面的論治越來越多,心神得安,氣機條暢,氣血調(diào)和,臟腑、經(jīng)絡(luò)等組織器官正常和諧,同時,朱教授認為此類患者還要要學會怡情養(yǎng)神,尋找樂趣,做到知足常樂,人之精氣神才能和諧一致。
參考文獻:
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[4]紀云西,周福生.心胃相關(guān)的理論溯源及其運用價值[J].遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學學報,2009,11(12):27-28.
編輯/孫杰