国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

黃酒多酚對同型半胱氨酸誘導(dǎo)的血管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響及其機(jī)制研究

2016-06-16 03:05劉龍斌孟立平許富康池菊芳郭航遠(yuǎn)
中國全科醫(yī)學(xué) 2016年14期
關(guān)鍵詞:血管

劉龍斌,孟立平,季 政,許富康,池菊芳,郭航遠(yuǎn)

312000浙江省紹興市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科 浙江大學(xué)紹興醫(yī)院

?

·論著·

黃酒多酚對同型半胱氨酸誘導(dǎo)的血管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響及其機(jī)制研究

劉龍斌,孟立平,季 政,許富康,池菊芳,郭航遠(yuǎn)

312000浙江省紹興市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科 浙江大學(xué)紹興醫(yī)院

【摘要】目的驗(yàn)證黃酒多酚(YWPC)是否具有抑制同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)誘導(dǎo)的大鼠血管平滑肌細(xì)胞(VSMCs)增殖和遷移的作用以及其產(chǎn)生作用的信號通路。方法采用組織貼塊法培育SD大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈VSMCs,取第4~7代細(xì)胞用于實(shí)驗(yàn)。細(xì)胞分為5組,分別為對照組,Hcy組(500 μmol/L Hcy),YWPC 1 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+1 mg/L YWPC),YWPC 10 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+10 mg/L YWPC),YWPC 100 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+100 mg/L YWPC)。采用MTT法檢測VSMCs增殖情況;細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)和Transwell法檢測VSMCs遷移和侵襲情況;Western blotting法檢測p-AKT/AKT表達(dá)情況。為驗(yàn)證YWPC是否經(jīng)Pi3K/AKT通路發(fā)揮抑制VSMCs的增殖和遷移,分別加入LY-294002和胰島素生長因子1(IGF-1)用來抑制和激活Pi3K/AKT通路,細(xì)胞被分為Hcy組,YWPC組,LY-294002+Hcy組,LY-294002+YWPC組;Hcy組,YWPC組,IGF-1+Hcy組,IGF-1+YWPC組,再分別采用上述方法檢測VSMCs增殖、遷移和侵襲情況。結(jié)果培養(yǎng)大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈VSMCs,2周左右細(xì)胞融合可以傳代,經(jīng)SM-actin細(xì)胞免疫熒光鑒定及DAPI核染,確定細(xì)胞純度在99%以上。24、48 h時(shí),5組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=52.575,P=0.016;F=83.756,P=0.014);其中Hcy組OD值高于對照組和YWPC組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05)。24、48、72、96 h時(shí),5組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);其中Hcy組VSMCs遷移面積多于對照組(P<0.05);YWPC組VSMCs遷移面積低于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05)。48 h時(shí),5組遷移細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=79.354,P=0.001);其中Hcy組穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)高于對照組(P<0.05);YWPC組穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)低于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05)。5組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=56.723,P=0.002);其中Hcy組p-AKT/AKT高于對照組(P<0.05);YWPC組p-AKT/AKT低于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05)。加入LY-294002:24 h時(shí),各組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=46.875,P=0.004;F=67.723,P=0.002);其中LY-294002+Hcy組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積低于Hcy組(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。48 h時(shí),各組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=52.904,P=0.003;F=87.904,P=0.001);其中LY-294002+Hcy組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT低于Hcy組(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。加入IGF-1:24 h時(shí),各組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=48.052,P=0.007;F=63.085,P=0.002);其中IGF-1+YWPC組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積高于YWPC組(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組OD值、VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。48 h時(shí),各組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=55.941,P=0.008;F=65.011,P=0.005);其中IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT高于YWPC組(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)、p-AKT/AKT比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論YWPC通過抑制Pi3K/AKT信號通路抑制Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移。

【關(guān)鍵詞】多酚類;肌,平滑,血管;Pi3K/AKT

劉龍斌,孟立平,季政,等.黃酒多酚對同型半胱氨酸誘導(dǎo)的血管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響及其機(jī)制研究[J].中國全科醫(yī)學(xué),2016,19(14):1676-1683.[www.chinagp.net]

Liu LB,Meng LP,Ji Z,et al.Influence of yellow wine polyphenol compounds on homocysteine induced VSMCs proliferation and migration and its mechanism[J].Chinese General Practice,2016,19(14):1676-1683.

黃酒作為我國的特產(chǎn),是世界上最古老的釀造酒種之一。黃酒以紅粬、糯米和水為原料,以人工自然發(fā)酵釀制而成。現(xiàn)已證實(shí)黃酒中含有豐富的多酚、氨基酸、多肽、維生素、低聚糖、有機(jī)酸以及礦物質(zhì)等有益于心腦血管健康的成分[1]。筆者前期研究已經(jīng)證實(shí)黃酒不但可以抑制大鼠血管平滑肌細(xì)胞(VSMCs)增殖和遷移,而且可以抑制低密度脂蛋白受體基因敲除(LDLR-/-)小鼠動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化形成[2-4]。

隨著“地中海飲食”以及“法國悖論”等概念的提出,大量的研究證實(shí)規(guī)律適量的飲用紅酒具有心血管保護(hù)作用[5-6],并且已經(jīng)闡明紅酒的心血管保護(hù)作用主要源于其中的多酚類成分[7]。紹興黃酒由糯米發(fā)酵而成,同樣富含沒食子酸、兒茶素等多酚類物質(zhì),所以推測,黃酒中主要也是多酚類物質(zhì)在發(fā)揮其心腦血管保護(hù)作用。本研究主要驗(yàn)證黃酒多酚(YWPC)是否具有抑制VSMCs增殖和遷移的作用以及是否通過抑制Pi3K/AKT途徑實(shí)現(xiàn)這一作用。

1材料與方法

1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)材料(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物:SPF級SD大鼠,雌雄不限,出生約60 d,體質(zhì)量150~180 g(購自浙江省醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心);遺傳背景為C57BL/6J 10代后雄性LDLR-/-小鼠(購于南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心);(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑:YWPC(由上海中藥制藥技術(shù)有限公司分離提取,純度約60%);乙醚、甲醇、75%乙醇、95%乙醇、無水乙醇、甲醛(杭州化學(xué)試劑有限公司),DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基、磷酸鹽緩沖液(PBS)、0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA、青霉素和鏈霉素(杭州吉諾生物醫(yī)藥技術(shù)有限公司);同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、雷帕霉素(Sigma公司),二甲基亞砜(DMSO)(MP Biomedicals公司),胎牛血清(GIBCO公司),MTT(Emresco公司);DAPI(Rcohe公司);兔抗p70S6K、p-p70S6K多克隆抗體、兔抗大鼠平滑肌肌動(dòng)蛋白(SM-actin)單克隆抗體(ABCOM公司);辣根過氧化酶標(biāo)記的山羊抗兔或抗鼠二抗、異硫氰酸熒光素(FITC)標(biāo)記的山羊抗兔IgG(Jackson公司);Western blotting相關(guān)試劑(江蘇碧云天生物技術(shù)研究所)。

1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)方法

1.2.1VSMCs原代細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)以及鑒定采用組織貼塊法培育大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈VSMCs,采用SM-actin免疫熒光鑒定VSMCs,并通過SM-actin與DAPI核染之間的關(guān)系鑒定VSMCs的純度[8]。取第4~7代細(xì)胞用于后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn),細(xì)胞加干預(yù)因素時(shí)采用含2.5%胎牛血清的培養(yǎng)基。

1.2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)分組

1.2.2.1驗(yàn)證不同濃度YWPC是否可以抑制Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移細(xì)胞分為5組,分別為對照組,Hcy組(500 μmol/L Hcy),YWPC 1 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+1 mg/L YWPC),YWPC 10 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+10 mg/L YWPC),YWPC 100 mg/L組(500 μmol/L Hcy+100 mg/L YWPC)。

1.2.2.2驗(yàn)證YWPC是否經(jīng)Pi3K/AKT通路抑制VSMCs的增殖和遷移(1)抑制Pi3K通路部分:待細(xì)胞生長到70%~80%后,血清饑餓使細(xì)胞同步化,加入20 nmol/L LY-294002孵育12 h以阻斷Pi3K通路,再加入Hcy和YWPC干預(yù)VSMCs,觀察Pi3K通路被抑制后YWPC對VSMCs的作用,細(xì)胞分為4組,分別為:Hcy組、YWPC組、LY-294002+Hcy組和LY-294002+YWPC組。(2)激活Pi3K通路部分:待細(xì)胞生長到70%~80%后,血清饑餓使細(xì)胞同步化,加入3 μg/L 胰島素生長因子1(IGF-1)孵育12 h以激活Pi3K通路,再加入Hcy和YWPC干預(yù)VSMCs,觀察Pi3K通路被激活后YWPC對VSMCs的作用,細(xì)胞分為4組,分別為:Hcy組、YWPC組、IGF-1+Hcy組和IGF-1+YWPC組。

1.2.3MTT法檢測VSMCs增殖取第4~7代培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化單層VSMCs,用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基配成細(xì)胞懸液并計(jì)數(shù),以6×103個(gè)細(xì)胞/孔接種于96孔培養(yǎng)板中。待細(xì)胞貼壁后,無血清培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)24 h使細(xì)胞同步化。各組設(shè)4個(gè)復(fù)孔,2個(gè)不加細(xì)胞的空白對照孔。細(xì)胞于37 ℃、5% CO2孵箱培養(yǎng)48 h。培養(yǎng)結(jié)束,每孔加入MTT液20 μl,37 ℃繼續(xù)孵育4~6 h,終止培養(yǎng),小心棄去培養(yǎng)上清液,每孔加入150 μl DMSO,震蕩10 min,選擇490 nm波長于酶聯(lián)免疫檢測儀測定各孔吸光度(OD值)并記錄。以時(shí)間為橫軸,OD值為縱軸繪制VSMCs生長曲線。

1.2.4細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察VSMCs遷移取第4~7代培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化單層VSMCs,用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基配成細(xì)胞懸液并計(jì)數(shù),以105個(gè)細(xì)胞/孔接種于6孔培養(yǎng)板中,每孔體積2 ml。細(xì)胞鋪滿板底后,無血清培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)24 h使細(xì)胞同步化,加入1.8 mmol/L羥基脲作用12 h抑制細(xì)胞增殖。用100 μl黃色槍頭垂直于孔板制造細(xì)胞劃痕,吸去細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液,用PBS沖洗孔板3次,洗去劃痕產(chǎn)生的細(xì)胞碎片。加入各組相應(yīng)的干預(yù)因子,拍照記錄0、12、24、48、72、96 h圖片,用Image-Pro Plus 6.0分析計(jì)算細(xì)胞遷移的面積,細(xì)胞遷移的面積與最開始的劃痕面積之間的比值表示遷移的距離。

1.2.5Transwell法檢測VSMCs侵襲能力取第4~7代培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞,血清饑餓使細(xì)胞同步化,加入1.8 mmol/L羥基脲作用12 h抑制細(xì)胞增殖,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化單層VSMCs,用含有上述各組干預(yù)因子的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基(無血清)配成細(xì)胞懸液并計(jì)數(shù)(3×104/ml)。各組24孔板配套的Transwell小室(0.8 μm)上室加入200 μl細(xì)胞懸液,下室加入含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基500 μl,培養(yǎng)48 h。干預(yù)結(jié)束后以棉簽輕輕擦去上層未穿透膜的VSMCs,取下Transwell半透膜,PBS洗滌3次,3.7%多聚甲醛溶液室溫固定5 min,流水沖洗后,用2 mg/L DAPI染核,PBS沖洗后,熒光顯微鏡下隨機(jī)取5個(gè)視野計(jì)數(shù)穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)并記錄。

1.2.6Western blotting測定VSMCs中p-AKT/AKT表達(dá)各組干預(yù)因子干預(yù)48 h后,裂解VSMCs提取蛋白,BCA法蛋白定量,十二烷基硫酸鈉(SDS)-聚丙烯酰氨凝膠電泳(PAGE)每孔加入20 μl樣品,80 V進(jìn)行蛋白濃聚30 min,120 V進(jìn)行凝膠電泳2 h,并用孔徑0.45 μm硝酸纖維素膜250 mA進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)膜90 min。轉(zhuǎn)膜完畢經(jīng)常溫下TBST洗膜3次,脫脂奶粉封閉2 h后,以1∶1 000濃度加入兔抗鼠p-AKT/AKT一抗,4 ℃孵育過夜,常溫下TBST洗膜3次,辣根過氧化酶標(biāo)記的羊抗兔二抗孵育后ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光法檢測目標(biāo)蛋白。暗室柯達(dá)膠片顯影,Quantity one軟件定量分析。

2結(jié)果

2.1VSMCs原代培養(yǎng)及鑒定采用組織貼塊法培養(yǎng)大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈VSMCs,約8d組織塊周圍有細(xì)胞爬出,2周左右細(xì)胞融合可以傳代。傳代后細(xì)胞呈典型“峰谷”狀排列生長,用SM-actin細(xì)胞免疫熒光鑒定VSMCs,DAPI核染之后確定細(xì)胞純度在99%以上(見圖1,本文彩圖詳見本刊網(wǎng)站www.chinagp.net電子期相應(yīng)文章附件)。

注:A=VSMCs形態(tài)學(xué)(×100),B=細(xì)胞免疫熒光鑒定(×400)

圖1大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈VSMCs形態(tài)學(xué)及細(xì)胞免疫熒光鑒定

Figure1IdentificationoftherataorticVSMCsbymorphologyandimmunocytochemistry

2.25組VSMCs不同時(shí)間增殖情況比較12 h時(shí),5組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=2.147,P=0.455)。24 h時(shí),5組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=52.575,P=0.016);其中Hcy組OD值高于對照組和YWPC組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05)。48 h時(shí),5組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=83.756,P=0.014);其中Hcy組OD值高于對照組和YWPC組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05,見圖2)。

注:Hcy=同型半胱氨酸,YWPC=黃酒多酚

圖2不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各組VSMCs增殖情況

Figure 2Status of VSMCs proliferation of each group at different time points

2.35組VSMCs遷移面積比較12 h時(shí),5組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。24、48、72、96 h時(shí),5組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);其中Hcy組VSMCs遷移面積大于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);YWPC組VSMCs遷移面積小于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05,見表1)。

表1 不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各組VSMCs遷移面積比較

注:與對照組比較,aP<0.05;與Hcy組比較,bP<0.05;Hcy=同型半胱氨酸,YWPC=黃酒多酚

2.45組VSMCs侵襲能力比較5組VSMCs 48 h穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為(46±6)、(277±36)、(194±21)、(126±10)、(69±5),5組遷移細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=79.354,P=0.001);其中Hcy組穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)多于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);YWPC組穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)少于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05,見圖3)。

圖3    Transwell小室培養(yǎng)48 h后各組遷移到下室的細(xì)胞DAPI染色圖

Figure 3DAPI staining graph of VSMCs migration to lower chamber after 48 h culture in Transwell chamber

2.5YWPC抑制Pi3K/AKT通路的激活5組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=56.723,P=0.002);其中Hcy組p-AKT/AKT高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);YWPC組p-AKT/AKT低于Hcy組,且與YWPC呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05,見圖4)。

注:與對照組比較,aP<0.05;與Hcy組比較,bP<0.05

圖4Western blotting檢測各組VSMCs中AKT和p-AKT的表達(dá)

Figure 4Expression of AKT and p-AKT in VSMCs of each group detected by western blotting method

2.6LY-294002對YWPC抑制Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移的影響

2.6.1不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs增殖的影響12 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=4.247,P=0.239);24 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=46.875,P=0.004);其中LY-294002+Hcy組OD值低于Hcy組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。48 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=85.736,P=0.001);其中LY-294002+Hcy組OD值低于Hcy組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖5)。

2.6.2不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs遷移的影響24 h時(shí),各組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=67.723,P=0.002);其中LY-294002+Hcy組VSMCs遷移面積小于Hcy組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖6)。

2.6.3不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs侵襲的影響48 h時(shí),各組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=52.904,P=0.003);其中LY-294002+Hcy組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)少于Hcy組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖6)。

2.6.4各干預(yù)因素對p-AKT/AKT的影響48 h時(shí),各組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=87.904,P=0.001);其中YWPC組、LY-294002+Hcy組、LY-294002+YWPC組p-AKT/AKT低于Hcy組(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖7)。

2.7IGF-1對YWPC抑制Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移的影響

2.7.1不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs增殖的影響12 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=6.251,P=0.238);24 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=48.052,P=0.007);其中IGF-1+YWPC組和IGF-1+Hcy組OD值高于YWPC組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。48 h時(shí),各組OD值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=44.052,P=0.003);其中IGF-1+YWPC組和IGF-1+Hcy組OD值高于YWPC組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組OD值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖8)。

圖5 不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各個(gè)干預(yù)因素對VSMCs增殖的影響

Figure 5Influence of each intervention factor on VSMCs proliferation at different time points

圖6    Transwell小室48 h時(shí)各組遷移到下室的細(xì)胞DAPI染色圖

Figure 6DAPI staining graph of VSMCs migration to lower chamber after 48 h culture in Transwell chamber and VSMCs migration after 24 h cell wound scratch assay

2.7.2不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs遷移的影響24 h時(shí),各組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=63.085,P=0.002);其中IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs遷移面積大于YWPC組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs遷移面積比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖9)。

2.7.3不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各干預(yù)因素對VSMCs侵襲的影響48 h時(shí),各組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=55.941,P=0.008);其中IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)多于YWPC組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs穿透Transwell膜細(xì)胞數(shù)比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖9)。

注:與Hcy組比較,aP<0.05

圖7Western blotting檢測各組VSMCs中p-AKT/AKT的表達(dá)

Figure 7Expression of p-AKT/AKT of VSMCs in each group detected by western blotting method

2.7.4各干預(yù)因素對p-AKT/AKT的影響48 h時(shí),各組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=65.011,P=0.005);其中Hcy組、IGF-1+Hcy組和IGF-1+YWPC組p-AKT/AKT高于YWPC組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組p-AKT/AKT比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見圖10)。

注:IGF-1=胰島素生長因子1

圖8不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)各個(gè)干預(yù)因素對VSMCs增殖的影響

Figure 8Influence of each intervention factor on VSMCs proliferation at different time points

圖9   Transwell小室48 h時(shí)各組遷移到下室的細(xì)胞DAPI染色圖

Figure 9DAPI staining graph of VSMCs migration to lower chamber after 48 h culture in Transwell chamber and VSMCs migration after 24 h cell wound scratch assay

注:與YWPC組比較,aP<0.05

圖10Western blotting檢測各組VSMCs中p-AKT/AKT的表達(dá)

Figure 10Expression of p-AKT/AKT of VSMCs detected by western blotting method

3討論

研究顯示規(guī)律適量地飲用紅酒具有心血管保護(hù)作用[5-6],并且已經(jīng)闡明紅酒的心血管保護(hù)作用主要是由于其中的多酚類成分[7,9]。紅酒多酚由白藜蘆醇、兒茶素、花青素等組成,通過調(diào)節(jié)血脂、改善血管功能、抑制VSMCs增殖和遷移等作用而發(fā)揮心血管保護(hù)作用。黃酒是一種古老的釀造酒種,以水、紅粬、糯米和小麥為原料,采用人工發(fā)酵釀制而成。與紅酒一樣,目前發(fā)現(xiàn)紹興黃酒中也富含兒茶素、沒食子酸等多酚類物質(zhì)(約50 mg/L)[1,10-11]。筆者前期實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)證明YWPC具有抑制LDLR-/-小鼠動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的作用,然而其抑制小鼠動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的具體機(jī)制尚未闡明[12]。

VSMCs位于動(dòng)脈血管的中層,在正常狀態(tài)下主要發(fā)揮收縮血管的功能,當(dāng)遇到炎性因子等血管損傷因素時(shí),VSMCs可以被激活而增加增殖和遷移的能力[13]。VSMCs大量增殖、遷移、吞噬氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)之后形成肌源性泡沫細(xì)胞,并進(jìn)一步分泌更多的炎性因子,使炎性反應(yīng)級聯(lián)放大,細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)降解,最終導(dǎo)致粥樣斑塊的形成以及斑塊的破裂。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果顯示,YWPC組OD值、遷移面積、侵襲能力均低于Hcy組,且p-AKT/AKT低于Hcy組,推測YWPC可能是通過Pi3K/AKT途徑發(fā)揮抑制Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs的增殖和遷移,為驗(yàn)證此推測,本實(shí)驗(yàn)分別采用Pi3K特異性抑制劑LY-294002抑制VSMCs中的Pi3K/AKT通路和Pi3K激動(dòng)劑IGF-1激活Pi3K/AKT通路,采用LY-294002干預(yù)細(xì)胞后,細(xì)胞內(nèi)Pi3K/AKT通路被抑制,與Hcy組比較,LY-294002+Hcy組VSMCs OD值和遷移減少,說明抑制Pi3K/AKT通路可以抑制VSMCs增殖和遷移。在加入LY-294002的基礎(chǔ)上再加Hcy或YWPC,此時(shí)由于Pi3K/AKT通路已經(jīng)被抑制,YWPC和Hcy對Pi3K/AKT通路的影響消失,此時(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)LY-294002+Hcy組與LY-294002+YWPC組VSMCs增殖和遷移比較無差異,證實(shí)YWPC和Hcy是通過作用在Pi3K/AKT通路發(fā)揮其影響VSMCs增殖和遷移的作用。同樣,采用IGF-1干預(yù)細(xì)胞后,細(xì)胞內(nèi)Pi3K/AKT通路被激活,與YWPC組比較,IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs增殖和遷移增加,說明激活Pi3K/AKT通路可以增加VSMCs增殖和遷移。在加入IGF-1的基礎(chǔ)上再加Hcy或YWPC,此時(shí)由于Pi3K/AKT通路已經(jīng)被IGF-1持續(xù)激活,YWPC和Hcy對Pi3K/AKT通路的作用消失,此時(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)IGF-1+Hcy組與IGF-1+YWPC組VSMCs增殖和遷移比較無差異,證實(shí)YWPC和Hcy是通過作用在Pi3K/AKT通路上發(fā)揮其影響VSMCs增殖和遷移的作用。這可能是其具有抗動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化作用的機(jī)制之一。

Pi3K/AKT通路在VSMCs增殖和遷移以及表型轉(zhuǎn)化中發(fā)揮著重要作用[14-15],p-AKT可以進(jìn)一步激活mTOR/p70S6K通路,增加p-p70S6K1的表達(dá),最終增加VSMCs增殖和遷移[16]。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)楊梅苷可以通過抑制p-AKT的表達(dá)從而抑制血小板衍生生長因子(PDGF)-BB誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移。同時(shí),Wang等[17]研究結(jié)果也顯示Apelin通過抑制Pi3K/AKT/FoxO3a/MMP-2通路抑制VSMCs的遷移,本研究結(jié)果與上述結(jié)果相符,表明YWPC可以抑制Pi3K/AKT通路,減少p-AKT的表達(dá)。

本研究在前期已經(jīng)證實(shí)黃酒和YWPC具有抗動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化作用的基礎(chǔ)上[2-3],進(jìn)一步探索證明YWPC具有抗Hcy誘導(dǎo)的VSMCs增殖和遷移的作用,并且證明其作用是通過抑制Pi3K/AKT通路而實(shí)現(xiàn),這可能是其抗動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的一個(gè)重要機(jī)制。本實(shí)驗(yàn)也存在一定的局限性,黃酒中的多酚類物質(zhì)是由不同的單體成分組成的混合物,究竟是其中的何種確切成分在發(fā)揮作用目前尚不十分清楚,仍需后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)加以證明。

作者貢獻(xiàn):劉龍斌進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施、資料收集整理、撰寫論文、成文并對文章負(fù)責(zé);孟立平、季政、許富康、池菊芳進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施、評估、資料收集;郭航遠(yuǎn)進(jìn)行質(zhì)量控制及審校。

本文無利益沖突。

參考文獻(xiàn)

[1]Xie GF,Xu R,F(xiàn)an AP.Analysis of components of Guyue Longshan rice wine benificial to health of heart and blood vessel system[J].Liquor Making,2011,38(5):64-66.(in Chinese)

謝廣發(fā),徐榕,樊阿萍.古越龍山黃酒中有益心血管健康的成分分析[J].釀酒,2011,38(5):64-66.

[2]Guo H,Wang P,You B,et al.Chinese yellow wine inhibits production of homocysteine-induced extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells[J].Clin Nutr,2007,26(3):348-354.

[3]Guo H,Liu L,Shi Y,et al.Chinese yellow wine and red wine inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 and improve atherosclerotic plaque in LDL receptor knockout mice[J].Cardiovasc Ther,2010,28(3):161-168.

[4]孟立平,周昌鉆,郭艷,等.黃酒中抑制同型半胱氨酸誘導(dǎo)的大鼠血管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖和遷移成分探討[J].中國應(yīng)用生理學(xué)雜志,2015,31(5):437-442.

[5]Li H,F(xiàn)?rstermann U.Red wine and cardiovascular health[J].Circ Res,2012,111(8):959-961.

[6]Arranz S,Chiva-Blanch G,Valderas-Martínez P,et al.Wine,beer,alcohol and polyphenols on cardiovascular disease and cancer[J].Nutrients,2012,4(7):759-781.

[7]Gresele P,Cerletti C,Guglielmini G,et al.Effects of resveratrol and other wine polyphenols on vascular function:an update[J].J Nutr Biochem,2011,22(3):201-211.

[8]Meng LP,Jiang CJ,Zhao F,et al.An improvenment in primary culture of rat vascular smooth muscle cells and its identification[J].Journal of Wenzhou Medical University,2015,45(8):593-596.(in Chinese)

孟立平,蔣承建,趙飛,等.大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈血管平滑肌細(xì)胞原代培養(yǎng)方法的改進(jìn)[J].溫州醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2015,45(8):593-596.

[9]Dell′Agli M,Buscialà A,Bosisio E.Vascular effects of wine polyphenols[J].Cardiovasc Res,2004,63(4):593-602.

[10]Yang LN,Zhang PZ.The research progress of nutrient composition and functional components in Chinese rice wine[J].Liquor Making,2009,36(5):9-12.(in Chinese)

楊麗娜,張培正.中國黃酒中營養(yǎng)成分與功能成分的研究進(jìn)展[J].釀酒,2009,36(5):9-12.

[11]邢楊波,郭航遠(yuǎn),王平,等.黃酒對同型半胱氨酸誘導(dǎo)的大鼠血管平滑肌細(xì)胞基質(zhì)分泌金屬蛋白酶2表達(dá)的影響[J].中華心血管病雜志,2008,36(11):1043.

[12]Zhai X,Chi J,Tang W,et al.Yellow wine polyphenolic compounds inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2,-9 expression and improve atherosclerotic plaque in LDL-receptor-knockout mice[J].J Pharmacol Sci,2014,125(2):132-141.

[13]Alexander MR,Owens GK.Epigenetic control of smooth muscle cell differentiation and phenotypic switching in vascular development and disease[J].Annu Rev Physiol,2012,74:13-40.

[14]Kaimoto T,Yasuda O,Ohishi M,et al.Nifedipine inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation via downregulation of Akt signaling[J].Hypertension,2010,56(2):247-252.

[15]Xu H,Dai YR,F(xiàn)u YR,et al.Coordinated regulation of the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells by ERK and Pi3K signal pathways in asthmatic rats[J].Chinese General Practice,2015,17(9):1032-1036.(in Chinese)

徐慧,戴元榮,付玉茹,等.磷脂酰肌醇3激酶和細(xì)胞外調(diào)節(jié)蛋白激酶信號通路對支氣管哮喘大鼠氣管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖的協(xié)同調(diào)控作用[J].中國全科醫(yī)學(xué),2015,17(9):1032-1036.

[16]Rotllan N,Wanschel AC,F(xiàn)ernández-Hernando A,et al.Genetic evidence supports a major role for Akt1 in VSMCs during atherogenesis[J].Circ Res,2015,116(11):1744-1752.

[17]Wang C,Wen J,Zhou Y,et al.Apelin induces vascular smooth muscle cells migration via a PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a/MMP-2 pathway[J].Int J Biochem Cell Biol,2015,69:173-182.

(本文編輯:賈萌萌)

Influence of Yellow Wine Polyphenol Compounds on Homocysteine Induced VSMCs Proliferation and Migration and Its Mechanism

LIULong-bin,MENGLi-ping,JIZheng,etal.

DepartmentofCardiology,ShaoxingPeople′sHospital,Shaoxing312000,China

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo verify whether yellow wine polyphenol compounds(YWPC)could inhibit homocysteine(Hcy)induced rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)proliferation and migration and its signaling pathway.MethodsTissue-sticking method was used to culture SD rat VSMCs,and 4-7 generations of cells were obtained.The cells were divided into 5 groups,which were control group,Hcy group(500 μmol/L Hcy),YWPC 1 mg/L group(500 μmol/L Hcy+1 mg/L YWPC),YWPC 10 mg/L group(500 μmol/L Hcy+10 mg/L YWPC)and YWPC 100 mg/L group(500 μmol/L Hcy+100 mg/L YWPC).MTT method was used to detect VSMCs proliferation;cell wound scratch assay and Transwell method were used to detect VSMCs migration and invasion;Western blotting method was used to detect p-AKT/AKT expression.In order to verify whether YWPC can inhibit VSMCs proliferation and migration through Pi3K/AKT pathway,LY-294002 and IGF-1 were added respectively to inhibit and activate Pi3K/AKT pathway.The cells added with LY-294002 were divided into Hcy group,YWPC group,LY-294002+Hcy group,and LY-294002+YWPC group;the cells added with IGF-1 were divided into Hcy group,YWPC group,IGF-1+Hcy group,and IGF-1+YWPC group.The above methods were employed again to detect the proliferation,migration and invasion of VSMCs.ResultsRat aortic VSMCs were cultured.Two weeks later,cell fusion and passage occurred,and cell purity was determined to be above 99% by SM-actin cellular immune fluorescent identification and DAPI nuclear staining dye.At 24 h and 48 h,the five groups were significantly different in OD value(F=52.575,P=0.016;F=83.756,P=0.014),and the OD value of Hcy group was higher than that of control group and YWPC group,and in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).At 24,48,72 and 96 h,the five groups were significantly different in VSMCs migration area(P<0.05);Hcy group was higher than control group in VSMCs migration area(P<0.05);YWPC group was lower than Hcy group in VSMCs migration area,and in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).At 48 h,the five groups were significantly different in the number of migrating cells(F=79.354,P=0.001);Hcy group was higher than control group in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane(P<0.05);the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane of YWPC group was lower than that of Hcy group,and in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).The five group were significantly different in p-AKT/AKT(F=56.723,P=0.002);Hcy group was higher than control group in p-AKT/AKT(P<0.05);the p-AKT/AKT of YWPC group was lower than that of Hcy group,and in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).After adding LY-294002 for 24 hours,the four groups were significantly different in OD value,VSMCs migration area(F=46.875,P=0.004;F=67.723,P=0.002);LY-294002+Hcy group was lower than Hcy group in OD value and VSMCs migration area(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy group and LY-294002+YWPC group were not significantly different in OD value and VSMCs migration area(P>0.05).After adding LY-294002 for 48 hours,the four groups were significantly different in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(F=52.904,P=0.003;F=87.904,P=0.001);LY-294002+Hcy group was lower than Hcy group in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(P<0.05);LY-294002+Hcy group and LY-294002+YWPC group were not significantly different in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(P>0.05).After adding IGF-1 for 24 hours,the four groups were significantly different in OD value and VSMCs migration area(F=48.052,P=0.007;F=63.085,P=0.002);IGF-1+YWPC group was higher than YWPC group in OD value and VSMCs migration area(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy group and IGF-1+YWPC group were not significantly different in OD value and VSMCs migration area(P>0.05).After adding IGF-1 for 48 hours,the four groups were significantly different in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(F=55.941,P=0.008;F=65.011,P=0.005);IGF-1+YWPC group was higher than YWPC group in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(P<0.05);IGF-1+Hcy group and IGF-1+YWPC group were not significantlydifferent in the number of cells that penetrated through the transwell membrane and p-AKT/AKT(P>0.05).ConclusionYWPC inhibits Hcy induced VSMCs proliferation and migration by suppressing Pi3K/AKT signaling pathway.

【Key words】Polyphenols;Muscle,smooth,vascular;Pi3K/AKT

基金項(xiàng)目:浙江省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(LY14H020002);紹興市科技局項(xiàng)目(2013B70072)

通信作者:郭航遠(yuǎn),312000浙江省紹興市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科 浙江大學(xué)紹興醫(yī)院;E-mail:ghangyuan@hotmail.com

【中圖分類號】R 543.31

【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼】A

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.14.015

(收稿日期:2015-12-01;修回日期:2016-02-04)

猜你喜歡
血管
基于代謝調(diào)節(jié)的抗血管衰老新策略
血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶2在新型冠狀病毒感染及心臟損傷中的作用
血管硬化如何逆轉(zhuǎn)
睡前花6分鐘做血管操血管通暢對身體大有好處
血管里的河流
一道家常菜血管好過冬
少糖多酸護(hù)血管
最傷血管的六件事
睡前6分鐘,血管保暢通
提升血液與血管力的10個(gè)生活習(xí)慣!
南靖县| 宝清县| 镇雄县| 邢台市| 泾川县| 桃园市| 呼图壁县| 甘肃省| 驻马店市| 新巴尔虎左旗| 东丽区| 廉江市| 甘谷县| 澳门| 黔江区| 象山县| 保靖县| 山丹县| 靖远县| 桦甸市| 桐乡市| 定远县| 凌海市| 黄大仙区| 嘉峪关市| 封开县| 潜山县| 团风县| 上栗县| 常熟市| 大理市| 镶黄旗| 罗江县| 昌邑市| 蒲城县| 柳林县| 沂水县| 普格县| 合阳县| 县级市| 涿州市|