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脾氣虛和脾陽(yáng)虛模型大鼠腦腸肽與下丘腦葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體1及葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體3表達(dá)水平變化的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究

2016-07-19 11:31叢培瑋王艷杰趙丹玉王德山
中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué) 2016年18期
關(guān)鍵詞:下丘腦

叢培瑋,尚 冰,王艷杰,趙丹玉,張 林,王德山

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·論著·

脾氣虛和脾陽(yáng)虛模型大鼠腦腸肽與下丘腦葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體1及葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體3表達(dá)水平變化的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究

叢培瑋,尚 冰,王艷杰,趙丹玉,張 林,王德山

110847 遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市,遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中心(叢培瑋),中醫(yī)文獻(xiàn)研究院(尚冰),基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院(王艷杰,趙丹玉,張林,王德山)

【摘要】目的分析脾虛模型大鼠腦腸肽〔β-內(nèi)啡肽(β-EP)、膽囊收縮素(CCK)、血管活性肽(VIP)〕、下丘腦葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體(GLUT)1、GLUT3表達(dá)水平變化。方法2015年3—9月,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將24只SPF級(jí)雄性SD大鼠分為對(duì)照組、脾氣虛組、脾陽(yáng)虛組,每組8只。脾氣虛模型的建立采用飲食失節(jié)結(jié)合勞倦過(guò)度的原則,脾陽(yáng)虛模型則是在脾氣虛的基礎(chǔ)上施加苦寒瀉下法完成。觀察3組大鼠一般情況(體征狀態(tài)、體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量等)及前肢抓力。采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)法測(cè)定下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平,實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(Real-time PCR)法測(cè)定下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA表達(dá)水平,Western blotting法測(cè)定下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3表達(dá)水平。結(jié)果脾氣虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體溫低于脾氣虛組(P<0.05)。脾氣虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP、CCK表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、空腸CCK表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于脾氣虛組(P<0.05)。脾氣虛組、脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論脾虛狀態(tài)下,大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平下降,導(dǎo)致下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平異常,這可能是脾虛本質(zhì)研究的又一新觀點(diǎn)。

【關(guān)鍵詞】脾氣虛;脾陽(yáng)虛;腦腸肽;葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白質(zhì);下丘腦

叢培瑋,尚冰,王艷杰,等.脾氣虛和脾陽(yáng)虛模型大鼠腦腸肽與下丘腦葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體1及葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體3表達(dá)水平變化的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J].中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué),2016,19(18):2201-2205.[www.chinagp.net]

Cong PW,Shang B,Wang YJ,et al.Change of expression levels of glucose transporter-1 and glucose transporter-3 in hypothalamus and brain-gut peptide of spleen-qi deficiency rats and spleen-yang deficiency rats[J].Chinese General Practice,2016,19(18):2201-2205.

近代研究發(fā)現(xiàn),由腦的各級(jí)中樞和脊髓接受內(nèi)外環(huán)境變化時(shí)傳入的各種信息,經(jīng)過(guò)整合,再由自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和神經(jīng)-內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)將其調(diào)控信息傳送到腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)或直接作用于胃腸效應(yīng)細(xì)胞,這種在不同層次將胃腸道與中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)的神經(jīng)-內(nèi)分泌網(wǎng)絡(luò)稱為腦腸神經(jīng)-內(nèi)分泌-免疫調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)或腦腸軸,而其中發(fā)揮實(shí)質(zhì)作用的相關(guān)物質(zhì)被醫(yī)學(xué)界稱為腦腸肽[1-2]。現(xiàn)代臨床試驗(yàn)及大量科研實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),脾虛患者及脾虛動(dòng)物模型在腦腸神經(jīng)方面均有不同程度的變化,這些結(jié)果進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了腦腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)可通過(guò)中樞水平調(diào)節(jié)胃腸功能[3]。

下丘腦是大腦與腦腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系的最后通道,其神經(jīng)活動(dòng)必須不斷依靠葡萄糖供能方能維持正常,血糖供應(yīng)不足會(huì)使神經(jīng)功能受損[4],因此血糖維持在相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的正常水平極為重要。細(xì)胞對(duì)葡萄糖的攝取需要通過(guò)葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體(glucose transporter,GLUT)來(lái)完成,下丘腦表達(dá)的主要有GLUT1和GLUT3[5]。

脾因其“后天之本、氣血生化之源”的地位,常被認(rèn)為是人體生命活動(dòng)、能量來(lái)源的基礎(chǔ)保障[6]。由此本研究組推斷,中醫(yī)脾虛在臨床出現(xiàn)的消化功能紊亂的病理特征可能是由于脾虛狀態(tài)下丘腦功能不足,導(dǎo)致大量通過(guò)腦腸神經(jīng)影響內(nèi)分泌-免疫調(diào)節(jié)的腦腸肽的合成分泌及功能調(diào)控出現(xiàn)異常變化。本研究觀察并分析脾氣虛、脾陽(yáng)虛模型大鼠腦腸肽〔β-內(nèi)啡肽(β-endorphin,β-EP)、膽囊收縮素(cholecystokinin,CCK)、血管活性肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)〕、下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3表達(dá)水平變化,為臨床脾虛治療提供依據(jù)。

1材料與方法

1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物2015年3—9月選取SPF級(jí)雄性SD大鼠24只,體質(zhì)量(200±10)g,鼠齡5周,由本溪實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供﹝許可證號(hào):SCXK(遼)2010-0001﹞。飼養(yǎng)于遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心﹝許可證號(hào):SYXK(遼)2013-000-9﹞。

1.2主要試劑和儀器總RNA提取(Trizol法)試劑盒、實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(Real-time PCR)試劑盒﹝寶生物工程(大連)有限公司﹞;兔抗大鼠GLUT1、GLUT3抗體(一抗)、羊抗兔IgG(二抗)(Abcam公司);十二烷基硫酸鈉-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳(SDS-PAGE)試劑盒、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)膜、蛋白濃度測(cè)定(BCA法)試劑盒(武漢博士德生物工程有限公司);β-EP、CCK、VIP 酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)試劑盒(武漢優(yōu)爾生科技股份有限公司);YLS-13A大小鼠抓力測(cè)定儀(濟(jì)南益延科技發(fā)展有限公司);7500 Real-time PCR儀(ABI公司)。

1.3動(dòng)物分組、模型建立和評(píng)價(jià)采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將24只大鼠分為對(duì)照組、脾氣虛組、脾陽(yáng)虛組,每組8只。脾虛動(dòng)物模型建立及評(píng)價(jià)在課題組前期研究[7]的基礎(chǔ)上加以改良,條件為:室溫(20±2)℃,濕度(50±5)%,無(wú)拘束進(jìn)食飲水1周后正式造模。(1)對(duì)照組:大鼠每日無(wú)拘束進(jìn)食飲水,15 d。(2)脾氣虛組(飲食失節(jié)+勞倦型):飽食1 d后禁食2 d,為1個(gè)循環(huán),完成5個(gè)循環(huán)后造模結(jié)束,每日自由飲水;每日在35~37 ℃水箱中游泳至力竭,共15 d。(3)脾陽(yáng)虛組(飲食失節(jié)+勞倦+苦寒瀉下型):在脾氣虛基礎(chǔ)上,每日灌服20%番瀉葉水浸劑(2 ml/100 g),早晚各1次,連續(xù)7 d。觀察3組大鼠一般情況(體征狀態(tài)、體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量等)及前肢抓力對(duì)模型進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。

1.3.1體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量檢測(cè)測(cè)量3組大鼠體質(zhì)量、體溫后,放于代謝籠中,計(jì)算24 h進(jìn)食量。

1.3.2前肢抓力檢測(cè)按照YLS-13A大小鼠抓力測(cè)定儀說(shuō)明書檢測(cè)前肢抓力,每只大鼠測(cè)量3次,取平均值。

1.4ELISA法測(cè)定下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平檢測(cè)前肢抓力后處死大鼠,取大鼠下丘腦、胃、空腸組織,操作方法按β-EP、CCK、VIP ELISA試劑盒說(shuō)明書進(jìn)行。

1.5Real-time PCR法測(cè)定下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA表達(dá)水平取大鼠下丘腦組織,利用Trizol法試劑盒提取下丘腦總RNA,保證RNA純度為1.8~2.2 nm。去基因組DNA,取RNA進(jìn)行反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA,利用Real-time PCR試劑盒進(jìn)行基因擴(kuò)增,反應(yīng)條件:95 ℃預(yù)變性10 s,95 ℃變性20 s,60 ℃退火35 s,共32個(gè)循環(huán)。采用7500 Real-time PCR儀檢測(cè)GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA表達(dá)水平。引物序列:GLUT1上游引物為5′-TCCTGCTCATCAATCGTAA-3′,下游引物為5′-GACCCTCTTCTTTCATCTCC-3′;GLUT3上游引物為5′-GTGTCTCCCACTGCCCTAC-3′,下游引物為5′-AGCCCAGAATAAAGTCCAAA-3′;GAPDH上游引物為5′-GGCACAGTCAAGGCTGAGAATG-3′,下游引物為5′-ATGGTGGTGAAGACGCCAGTA-3′。

1.6Western blotting法測(cè)定下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3表達(dá)水平取大鼠下丘腦組織,提總蛋白,采用BCA法試劑盒進(jìn)行蛋白定量。取總蛋白80 μg采用SDS-PAGE試劑盒進(jìn)行電泳,150 V 30 min半干轉(zhuǎn)印至PVDF膜,常溫下5%脫脂奶粉封閉2 h,加入一抗(稀釋比例均為1∶100),4 ℃過(guò)夜。TBST洗膜3次,15 min/次;加入二抗,室溫孵育1 h后TBST洗膜3次,15 min/次,化學(xué)發(fā)光法顯影。

2結(jié)果

2.1一般情況及前肢抓力比較對(duì)照組大鼠動(dòng)作靈敏,皮毛光澤緊實(shí),大便正常;脾氣虛組大鼠喜懶乏力,行動(dòng)遲緩,皮毛蓬松無(wú)光澤,便軟;脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠倦怠明顯,反應(yīng)更為遲鈍,喜懶聚堆,皮毛枯槁,便稀溏。3組大鼠體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。脾氣虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體溫低于脾氣虛組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表1)。

2.2下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平比較3組大鼠下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。脾氣虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP、CCK表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、空腸CCK表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于脾氣虛組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表2)。

2.3下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平比較3組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。脾氣虛組、脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表3、圖1)。

Table 1Comparison of body mass,temperature,food-intake and forelimb grip among the three groups

組別只數(shù)體質(zhì)量(g)體溫(℃)進(jìn)食量(g)前肢抓力(g)對(duì)照組8314±1437.2±0.523±71563±208脾氣虛組8181±9a36.8±0.916±3a1206±173a脾陽(yáng)虛組8174±20a34.4±0.4ab15±7a1149±180aF值23.927.874.8610.58P值<0.0010.010.04<0.001

注:與對(duì)照組比較,aP<0.05;與脾氣虛組比較,bP<0.05

Table 3Comparison of mRNA and protein expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus among the three groups

組別只數(shù)GLUT1mRNAGLUT3mRNAGLUT1GLUT3對(duì)照組81.00±0.001.00±0.000.49±0.010.18±0.01脾氣虛組80.51±0.18a0.63±0.12a0.41±0.01a0.12±0.01a脾陽(yáng)虛組80.08±0.01ab0.23±0.05ab0.31±0.01ab0.08±0.01abF值20.0727.5371.3526.30P值<0.01<0.001<0.001<0.01

注:與對(duì)照組比較,aP<0.05;與脾氣虛組比較,bP<0.05;GLUT=葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體

注:GLUT=葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體;1~3為脾陽(yáng)虛組,4、5為對(duì)照組,6~8為脾氣虛組

圖1Western blotting法測(cè)定下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3表達(dá)水平結(jié)果

Figure 1Expression levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus by Western blotting

表2 3組大鼠下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平比較

注:與對(duì)照組比較,aP<0.05;與脾氣虛組比較,bP<0.05;β-EP=β-內(nèi)啡肽,CCK=膽囊收縮素,VIP=血管活性肽

3討論

本研究脾氣虛模型的建立采用了飲食失節(jié)結(jié)合勞倦過(guò)度的原則,脾陽(yáng)虛模型則是在脾氣虛的基礎(chǔ)上施加苦寒瀉下法完成[7]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,對(duì)照組大鼠動(dòng)作靈敏,皮毛光澤緊實(shí),大便正常;脾氣虛組大鼠喜懶乏力,行動(dòng)遲緩,皮毛蓬松無(wú)光澤,便軟;脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠倦怠明顯,反應(yīng)更為遲鈍,喜懶聚堆,皮毛枯槁,便稀溏;脾氣虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組,脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體質(zhì)量、體溫、進(jìn)食量、前肢抓力低于對(duì)照組,脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠體溫低于脾氣虛組。以上結(jié)果表明,脾氣虛、脾陽(yáng)虛模型復(fù)制成功。

中醫(yī)認(rèn)為,“脾臟”是飲食水谷之消化、吸收和精微物質(zhì)運(yùn)輸布散功能的“綜合”單位[8]?,F(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),生物體自身調(diào)控機(jī)制在神經(jīng)、內(nèi)分泌及免疫系統(tǒng)間存在復(fù)雜相互作用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系,網(wǎng)絡(luò)間的信息傳遞大多依賴于細(xì)胞因子、激素、化學(xué)遞質(zhì)等物質(zhì)[9]。腦腸肽是具有特殊生物作用的肽類激素,雙重分布于胃腸道及中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng),對(duì)其雙向調(diào)節(jié)起著重要作用。近年來(lái)研究證實(shí),腦腸肽在脾虛狀態(tài)下表達(dá)紊亂[2]。

本研究選取了廣泛存在于胃腸道及腦組織中,較有代表性的對(duì)胃腸消化、吸收、分泌、運(yùn)動(dòng)等功能有著重要調(diào)節(jié)作用的腦腸肽——β-EP、CCK、VIP。β-EP具有刺激胃酸和十二指腸近段HCO3-分泌、保護(hù)胃腸黏膜細(xì)胞分泌、影響胃腸運(yùn)動(dòng)等作用[10]。CCK具有收縮膽囊和刺激胰酶分泌、增強(qiáng)胰酶活性、刺激胃腸肌肉、促進(jìn)遠(yuǎn)端十二指腸和空腸的蠕動(dòng)等功能[11]。VIP是神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)抑制性神經(jīng)遞質(zhì),對(duì)胃腸運(yùn)動(dòng)有抑制作用[12]。呂琳等[13]發(fā)現(xiàn),脾虛模型大鼠胃、腸組織中的β-EP水平明顯高于同期對(duì)照組,而高秀蘭等[14]對(duì)脾虛發(fā)熱大鼠研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大鼠外周血中CCK、β-EP水平有所升高,提示脾虛與β-EP、CCK等腦腸肽表達(dá)改變有密切的關(guān)系。張永東等[15]研究證實(shí),四君子湯對(duì)脾虛模型鴨十二指腸、空腸CCK mRNA表達(dá)有較好的預(yù)防效果,提示CCK表達(dá)改變可能是脾虛的病理機(jī)制之一。李曉紅等[16]認(rèn)為,肝郁脾虛模型大鼠出現(xiàn)的胃黏膜血管收縮和胃過(guò)度蠕動(dòng)等現(xiàn)象可能與腦組織VIP表達(dá)水平升高有關(guān)。本研究結(jié)果顯示,脾氣虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組;脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,胃、空腸β-EP、CCK表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于對(duì)照組;脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、空腸CCK表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組,胃、空腸β-EP表達(dá)水平及下丘腦、胃、空腸VIP表達(dá)水平高于脾氣虛組。提示β-EP、CCK及VIP可能參與脾虛的病理過(guò)程,即脾虛導(dǎo)致了中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的調(diào)控物質(zhì)發(fā)生改變,進(jìn)而影響了腦腸肽類物質(zhì)的功能調(diào)控,最終導(dǎo)致脾虛的病理狀態(tài)。但這些物質(zhì)在血液及組織中的表達(dá)卻體現(xiàn)或增高或降低的不同趨勢(shì),詳盡原因有待進(jìn)一步研究。

現(xiàn)代研究認(rèn)為,脾主運(yùn)化,“運(yùn)”即依賴于細(xì)胞膜上的各種轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體協(xié)同作用,汲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)以提供能量[17-18]。腦組織獲取能量來(lái)源的唯一方式是糖代謝[19]。因此,葡萄糖是中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的主要能源物質(zhì)。下丘腦作為大腦與腦腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系的終末唯一通道,其碳水化合物物質(zhì)水平正常,才可保障腦腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)功能穩(wěn)定[4]。GLUTs家族(GLUT1~GLUT5)是細(xì)胞葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的主要載體,在下丘腦中分布的主要有GLUT1和GLUT3,GLUT1是大腦內(nèi)第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)的GLUT,也是目前GLUTs家族唯一被純化且研究深入的一個(gè)成員[20]。GLUT1分布在血-腦脊液屏障的內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞上,負(fù)責(zé)將葡萄糖從血液跨血-腦脊液屏障轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)到腦細(xì)胞間隙;GLUT3是神經(jīng)元葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體,負(fù)責(zé)將葡萄糖從細(xì)胞外間隙轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至神經(jīng)元內(nèi)。故常將GLUT1、GLUT3稱為腦型葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體[21-22]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,脾氣虛組、脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于對(duì)照組,脾陽(yáng)虛組大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平低于脾氣虛組,提示模型大鼠下丘腦GLUT表達(dá)水平的改變可能是脾虛對(duì)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生影響的病理機(jī)制之一。

本研究目前僅以葡萄糖在體內(nèi)不同部位的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)機(jī)制為出發(fā)點(diǎn)對(duì)脾虛本質(zhì)展開研究,而這些GLUT是如何調(diào)控腦腸肽等一系列物質(zhì)對(duì)機(jī)體產(chǎn)生影響的,則有待進(jìn)一步研究加以探討。

綜上所述,脾虛狀態(tài)下,大鼠下丘腦GLUT1、GLUT3 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平下降,導(dǎo)致下丘腦、胃、空腸β-EP、CCK、VIP表達(dá)水平異常,這可能是脾虛本質(zhì)研究的又一新觀點(diǎn)。

作者貢獻(xiàn):叢培瑋進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施、資料收集整理、撰寫論文、成文并對(duì)文章負(fù)責(zé);尚冰、王艷杰進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施、評(píng)估、數(shù)據(jù)整理;趙丹玉、張林進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施、審校;王德山負(fù)責(zé)總體審校。

本文無(wú)利益沖突。

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(本文編輯:崔麗紅)

Change of Expression Levels of Glucose Transporter-1 and Glucose Transporter-3 in Hypothalamus and Brain-gut Peptide of Spleen-qi Deficiency Rats and Spleen-yang Deficiency Rats

CONGPei-wei,SHANGBing,WANGYan-jie,etal.

TeachingandExperimentCenter,LiaoningUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine,Shenyang110847,China

【Abstract】ObjectiveAnalysis the changes of the expression levels of brain-gut peptide〔β-endorplhin(β-EP),cholecystokinin(CCK) and vasoactive peptide(VIP)〕 and glucose transporter-1(GLUT1) and glucose transporter-3(GLUT3) in hypothalamus of spleen deficiency rats.MethodsFrom March to September 2015,a total of 24 SPF male SD rats were divided into control group,spleen-qi deficiency group and spleen-yang deficiency group with 8 rats in each group by random number table method.The model rats of spleen-qi deficiency were built by immoderate diet and overfatigue;the model rats of spleen-yang deficiency were built by bitter and cold aloes on the basis of the model rats of spleen-qi deficiency.The three groups were observed by general information(signs and state,body mass,temperature and food-intake) and grip of forelegs.The expression levels of β-EP,CCK and VIP in hypothalamus,stomach and jejunum were assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the mRNA levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 were measured by real time quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR);the levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus were measured by Western blotting.ResultsThe body mass,food-intake and grip of forelegs of spleen-qi deficiency group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05);the body mass, temperature, food-intake and grip of forelegs of spleen-yang deficiency group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05);the temperature of spleen-yang deficiency group was lower than that of spleen-qi deficiency group(P<0.05).The expression level of β-EP in hypothalamus of spleen-qi deficiency group was lower than that of control group(P<0.05);the expression level of β-EP in stomach and jejunum and the expression levels of CCK and VIP in hypothalamus,stomach and jejunum of spleen-qi deficiency group were higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The expression level of β-EP in hypothalamus of spleen-yang deficiency group was lower than that of control group and the expression levels of β-EP and CCK in stomach and jejunum and the expression level of VIP in hypothalamus,stomach and jejunum of spleen-yang deficiency group were higher than those of control group(P<0.05);the expression level of β-EP in hypothalamus and the expression level of CCK in hypothalamus and jejunum of spleen-yang deficiency group were lower than those of spleen-qi deficiency group and the expression level of β-EP in stomach and jejunum and the expression level of VIP in hypothalamus,stomach and jejunum of spleen-yang deficiency group were higher than those of spleen-qi deficiency group(P<0.05).The mRNA expression and protein expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus of spleen-qi deficiency group and spleen-yang deficiency group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05);the mRNA expression and protein expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus of spleen-yang deficiency group were lower than those of spleen-qi deficiency group(P<0.05).ConclusionUnder the condition of spleen deficiency,the mRNA expression levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in hypothalamus are lower and the expression levels of β-EP,CCK and VIP in hypothalamus,stomach and jejunum are abnormal,which may be a new viewpoint of studying the essence of spleen deficiency.

【Key words】Spleen-qi deficiency;Spleen-yang deficiency;Brain-gut peptide;Glucose transport protein;Hypothalamus

基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)課題(2013CB531702)

通信作者:王艷杰,110847 遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市,遼寧中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院;E-mail:15940157054@163.com

【中圖分類號(hào)】R 551.11

【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.18.018

(收稿日期:2015-10-13;修回日期:2016-01-24)

·中醫(yī)·中西醫(yī)結(jié)合研究·

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