王蕾 卜星彭 劉宇 呂吉元 張明升
聯(lián)合抗氧化劑降壓對自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠脂代謝的影響
王蕾1卜星彭1劉宇2呂吉元3張明升2
目的 聯(lián)合抗氧化劑?;撬崤c美托洛爾降壓對自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠(SHR)脂代謝的影響。方法 對SHR經(jīng)美托洛爾(M)與?;撬幔═)治療2周,測定給藥前后SHR血清總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(L-DLC)、甘油三酯(TG),血漿ox-LDL,血清NO的含量。結(jié)果 (1)給藥后M組SHR血清總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDLC)以及甘油三酯(TG)的含量均升高,T組降低。(2)ox-LDL:T組可以明顯降低血漿中ox-LDL的含量,由用藥前(33.45±5.48)pg/dl降至(21.91±5.55)pg/dl(P<0.05),M組則由用藥前(31.27±3.11)pg/dl升至(47.45±4.87)pg/dl(P <0.05),T+M組由用藥前為(31.64±4.52)pg/dl增至(36.36±6.25)pg/dl (P>0.05)。(3)合用組使血清NO水平顯著升高,用藥前(18.64±11.00)μmol/L 升至(20.96±7.89)μmol/L(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 美托洛爾發(fā)揮降壓作用同時可能發(fā)生脂代謝紊亂,聯(lián)合抗氧化劑牛磺酸可發(fā)揮積極的調(diào)脂作用。
自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠;抗氧化劑;?;撬幔籵x-LDL
美托洛爾作為β受體阻滯劑類降壓藥物已在臨床廣泛應用,但其在有效降壓的同時可能導致機體糖脂代謝紊亂等副作用的發(fā)生。?;撬嶙鳛闄C體的非必需氨基酸具有廣泛的生物學效應,具有抗胰島素抵抗、抗氧化等功能[1-2]。本實驗通過觀察聯(lián)用抗氧化劑與美托洛爾對自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠(Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat,SHR)脂代謝的改變,旨在對?;撬岬恼{(diào)脂作用機制作初步探討。
1.1分組及給藥
自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠(SHR),16周齡,雄性,體重250~280 g ,24只,血壓:176~190 mm Hg(購自北京維通利華)。隨機分為4組:美托洛爾組(M),?;撬峤M(T),美托洛爾與?;撬峤M(M+T),對照組(S),每組6只。
M組:美托洛爾[100 mg/(kg·d)]灌胃(ig);T組:?;撬幔?00 mg/(kg·d)]腹腔注射(ip);M+T組:美托洛爾[100 mg/(kg·d)]灌胃及牛磺酸[200 mg/(kg·d)]腹腔注射;S組:空白對照組。等容積的生理鹽水灌胃。給藥時間均為每日17:00,1次/d,連續(xù)給藥14 d。
1.2指標測定
1.2.1血脂含量 給藥前后SHR血清總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDLC)以及甘油三脂(TG)的含量均按1995年中華醫(yī)學檢驗學會推薦的方法測定。
1.2.2血漿ox-LDL含量 用抗鼠ox-LDL單克隆抗體酶聯(lián)反應板的雙單抗夾心ELISA法測定。
1.2.3血清NO含量 用硝酸還原酶法測定。
1.3統(tǒng)計學分析
2.1血脂
給藥前后SHR血清總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDLC)以及甘油三脂(TG)的含量測定結(jié)果見表1,統(tǒng)計學分析結(jié)果表明M組給藥后血清中TC、LDLC、TG含量均升高,T組均降低,T+M組均升高,但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P >0.05)。
2.2血漿ox-LDL含量
T組可以明顯降低血漿中ox-LDL的含量,由用藥前(33.45±51.48)pg/dl降至(21.91±5.55)pg/dl(P<0.05),M組則由用藥前(31.27±3.11)pg/dl升至(47.45±4.87)pg/dl(P <0.05),兩藥合用(T+M)組由用藥前為(31.64±4.52)pg/dl增至(36.36±6.25)pg/dl(P>0.05),而對照組(S)變化不明顯,用藥前為(30.54±4.77)pg/dl,用藥后為(32.55±2.75)pg/dl(P >0.05),見表1。
2.3血清NO含量
T組NO值用藥前(18.64±11.00)μmol/L 升至(20.96±7.89)μmol/L(P<0.05), 兩藥合用使血清NO水平顯著升高,即T+M組NO由用藥前的(15.74±3.98)μmol/L升至(19.44±4.25) μmol/L(P<0.01), SHR空白對照組無明顯變化。見表2。
表1 SHR血漿ox-LDL含量的變化(pg/dl)
表2 SHR血清NO含量的變化(μmol/L)
臨床試驗表明降壓藥美托洛爾升高血清甘油三酯及膽固醇含量[3]。這種對脂代謝的不良影響可能部分抵消β受體阻斷劑所帶來的益處,降低抗高血壓治療的遠期效果。牛磺酸作為機體的非必需氨基酸具有廣泛的生物學效應,其抗氧化及抗胰島素抵抗得到公認。本實驗結(jié)果顯示,SHR服用美托洛爾14 d后血膽固醇水平增加,這與文獻報道[3]一致。與?;撬岷嫌煤笫寡懝檀妓较陆担狶DL-C有下降趨勢,但無統(tǒng)計學意義,這可能與服藥時間過短有關(guān),延長服藥時間是否能使LDL-C下降具有統(tǒng)計學意義,還有待進一步研究。此外,本實驗結(jié)果還顯示聯(lián)合?;撬嵊盟幗Mox-LDL含量明顯降低。ox-LDL系沉積在血管壁中的血漿LDL在各種細胞、超氧陰離子、金屬離子或其它致氧化因子等的作用下發(fā)生氧化修飾而形成。一旦LDL發(fā)生了氧化修飾,就不再被LDL受體識別,而是被巨噬細胞的清道夫受體所識別并攝取,導致膽固醇在巨噬細胞中沉積,形成泡沫細胞。該過程被認為是AS發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵性步驟。ox-LDL可誘導內(nèi)皮細胞對多種炎癥因子的表達,進而導致血管損傷[4-6]。近來在牛主動脈內(nèi)皮細胞中克隆出內(nèi)皮細胞ox-LDL受體LOX-1表達,LOX-1表達與血壓密切相關(guān),隨SHR血壓升高,主動脈LOX-1表達增加。牛磺酸可導致血漿ox-LDL水平下降源自于它的抗氧化特性,可能是通過抑制LOX-1表達,減少ox-LDL生成而發(fā)揮作用的,且牛磺酸抗氧化應力作用可以增加NO產(chǎn)生[7-8],改善eNOS表達,進而改善血管內(nèi)皮功能,說明其在改善有脂質(zhì)紊亂狀態(tài)下的內(nèi)皮功能是有益的。Abebew等[9]在觀察牛磺酸對大鼠主動脈反應性影響的實驗中也證實?;撬崮芴禺愋越档脱艿氖湛s,這種效應部分經(jīng)由血管內(nèi)皮來調(diào)整。此外?;撬崮苡行Ы档蚑G及AI(TC-HDL)/HDL-C。研究也證明?;撬峥梢灾委熤|(zhì)過氧化物反應,降低血清LDL/VLDL,升高HDL,防止內(nèi)皮功能損傷,并通過改善單核細胞功能,阻止斑塊形成。本研究表明?;撬嵩谡{(diào)節(jié)脂代謝中發(fā)揮積極作用,與美托洛爾合用能有效改善其導致的脂代謝紊亂。
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Effect of Combined Anti Oxidants on Lipid Metabolism in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
WANG Lei1BU Xingpeng1LIU Yu2LV Jiyuan3ZHANG Mingsheng21 Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan Shanxi 030032, China, 2 Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030032, China, 3 Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Shanxi 030032, China
Objective To investigate the combination of taurine and metoprolol therapy on the lipometabolism of spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR). Methods SHR were treated by the taurine and metoprolol therapy for 2 weeks, and the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), plasma oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), serum NO were determined. Results (1) After administration, the serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and triglyceride (TG) in the M group were all increased, and the T group was decreased in SHR group. (2) Group ox-LDL, significantly reduce the content of plasma ox-LDL in T group, from before treatment (33.45±5.48) pg/dl fell (21.91±5.55) pg/dl (P<0.05). In group M, from before treatment (31.27±3.11) pg/dl rose (47.45±4.87) pg/dl (P<0.05). T+M from before treatment to (31.64±4.52)pg/dl increased (36.36±6.25) pg/dl (P>0.05). (3) The serum NO level was signifcantly higher in the combination group, and (18.64±11.00) μmol/L before treatment (20.96±7.89) μmol/L (P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that the lipometabolism disturbance may be induced by metoprolol,taurine plays a positive role in lipometabolism.
Spontaneously hypertensive rats, Antioxidant, Taurine, ox-LDL
R544
A
1674-9308(2016)22-0210-03
10.3969/j.issn.1674-9308.2016.22.139
山西省留學回國人員擇優(yōu)資助項目(2014A027)
基金項目:山西省科技廳國際合作項目(2013081059)
1 山西大醫(yī)院老年醫(yī)學科,山西 太原 030032;2 山西醫(yī)科大學藥理教研室,山西 太原 030032;3 山西醫(yī)科大學第一醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,山西 太原 030032
王蕾,E-mail:wang_leicn@hotmail.com