快速崛起的中國(guó)內(nèi)陸開放高地

重慶通向歐洲的渝新歐班列。 攝影：譚舒

站在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上，重慶正在描繪開拓開放的新藍(lán)圖?！坝逍職W”使重慶向世界真正打開了國(guó)際貿(mào)易。渝新歐班列2011年問(wèn)世，憑借“時(shí)間只有海運(yùn)的三分之一、價(jià)格只有空運(yùn)的五分之一”的優(yōu)勢(shì)，創(chuàng)造性地開辟了從中國(guó)內(nèi)陸到歐洲的貨運(yùn)新通道。

至此，重慶形成了向西直達(dá)歐洲、向南連接?xùn)|南亞和南亞、向東直抵太平洋的“Y”字形國(guó)際大通道，這不僅契合了“一帶一路”和長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶戰(zhàn)略，還形成了承東啟西、連通南北的國(guó)際交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。同時(shí)，憑借水陸空3個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)交通樞紐、3個(gè)一類口岸和3個(gè)保稅區(qū)，重慶形成了國(guó)內(nèi)唯一的“三個(gè)三合一”開放平臺(tái)，為重慶大開放注入強(qiáng)勁動(dòng)能。

依托內(nèi)陸一類鐵路口岸，以及國(guó)家汽車整車進(jìn)口口岸、鐵路保稅物流中心（B型），重慶的口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展全面推進(jìn)。重慶啟動(dòng)實(shí)施了跨境電子商務(wù)、保稅商品展示交易、保稅貿(mào)易創(chuàng)新、大數(shù)據(jù)云計(jì)算、國(guó)際金融結(jié)算等五大服務(wù)貿(mào)易專項(xiàng)。

大開放帶來(lái)大發(fā)展。如今，重慶實(shí)際利用外資已連續(xù)5年突破100億美元，世界500強(qiáng)落戶超過(guò)260家。5年來(lái)，重慶外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口增長(zhǎng)超過(guò)5倍，排位從全國(guó)第23位上升至第10位，居中西部第一；服務(wù)貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)近4倍；實(shí)際對(duì)外投資增長(zhǎng)2.4倍?？缇畴娮由虅?wù)、保稅商品展示交易、保稅貿(mào)易、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)云計(jì)算大數(shù)據(jù)、跨境結(jié)算等新型服務(wù)貿(mào)易放量增長(zhǎng)，全年服務(wù)貿(mào)易額172億美元，增長(zhǎng)31.3%。

今年1月，中國(guó)與新加坡第三個(gè)政府間合作項(xiàng)目—中新（重慶）戰(zhàn)略性互聯(lián)互通示范項(xiàng)目正式落戶，項(xiàng)目以服務(wù)貿(mào)易為主題，將金融服務(wù)、航空、交通物流、信息通信技術(shù)作為重點(diǎn)合作領(lǐng)域。強(qiáng)烈的“磁吸”效應(yīng)不斷顯現(xiàn)：境外企業(yè)首次到內(nèi)陸地區(qū)發(fā)行熊貓債、多家重慶企業(yè)赴新加坡發(fā)行企業(yè)債、雙方擬合作建設(shè)海底通信光纜……僅2016年上半年，簽約項(xiàng)目金額就高達(dá)131.4億美元。

2016年8月31日，商務(wù)部宣布了在重慶等7個(gè)省市設(shè)立自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)的消息。重慶作為內(nèi)陸自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)，將成為內(nèi)陸國(guó)際物流中心、內(nèi)陸服務(wù)貿(mào)易中心、內(nèi)陸功能性金融中心。

正是依托大通道帶來(lái)的大開放，大開放帶動(dòng)的大發(fā)展，重慶正在崛起成為中國(guó)內(nèi)陸開放高地。

Standing at a new historical starting point, Chongqing is unfolding a new blue print of reform and opening-up. Having been completed and put into production since 2011, the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway, which stands out with its unique advantages of one-third time duration of ocean shipping and one-fi fth cost of air freight, has been opening up creatively a new transportation channel connecting inland China and Europe and therefore opening up a window integrating Chongqing into international trade in a real sense.

At this point, Chongqing has established a “Y-shaped”international transport route which reaches Europe westwards and the Pacifi c and eastwards respectively and connects South Asia and Southeast Asia southwards, which on the one side, fi ts right into the layout of the Belt and Road and Yangtze River Economic Belt strategy; on the other side, forms an international transport network bridging the east and the west and connecting the south and north. Meanwhile, Chongqing boasts one special opening-up platform supported by its “three three-in-one”system, namely, three national transportation hubs covering waterway, railway and airway, three fi rst-class customs ports and three bonded areas, which equips Chongqing with strong driving force for further opening-up.

The port economy of Chongqing develops comprehensively with the support of the first-class railway port of inland China, the national fi nished-automobile import port and the railway bonded logistic center (type B). Chongqing also puts fi ve service trades into production, including cross-border e-commerce, exhibition and trading of bonded goods, bonded trade innovation, cloud computing of big data and international fi nancial settlement.

Broader opening-up brings more promising development. At present, Chongqing has been attracting over USD 10 billion of foreign investment fi ve years in a row and more than 260 world top 500 enterprises here. Over the past fi ve years, Chongqing has witnessed a 5 times’ growth in import and export trades, ranking first among middle and western cities and the 10th among all cities in China from the original 23rd while income from service trade and actual investment abroad have also increased 4 and 2.4 times respectively. A close-to-upper limit increase has been reached in new types of service trades like cross-border e-commerce, exhibition and trading of bonded goods, bonded trade innovation, cloud computing of big data and international financial settlement, with an annual trade volume of USD 17.2 billion, that is, an increase of 31.3%.

In January, 2016, the third inter-government cooperation project between China and Singapore has been established officially, namely, the China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity, which is service trade centered and focuses on such key cooperation fi elds as fi nancing service, airlines, transportation logistics and information & communication technology. Chongqing, at this moment, appears to be a big“magnet” with incredibly strong attraction, for example, there is foreign enterprise issuing the panda bonds for the fi rst time in inland China, many Chongqing’s enterprises are issuing their bonds respectively in Singapore who is also planning on building the submarine optical communication cables with the former......, only for the fi rst half of 2016, Chongqing has fi nished a contract

amount of USD 13.14 billion with foreign enterprises. On August 31, 2016, the Ministry of Commerce of People’s Republic of China stated to establish the “pilot free trade zone” in 7 provinces and cities, with Chongqing being one of them, which will further upgrade Chongqing to an international logistic center, a service trade center and a functional fi nancing center of inland

China. While the large transport routes speed up a broader openingup which then brings forward more promising development, Chongqing is rising to be a vanguard of opening--up in inland China.

The Papid Growing City as a Gateway in Inland China

Wanzhou HarbourImage from Wanzhou Party Committee Propaganda Department