告別教堂

斯洛文尼亞Krasnja

建成時(shí)間 ：2009年

攝影：Tomaz Gregoric

告別教堂位于盧布爾雅那附近一個(gè)小村莊原先的一塊墓地上。該教堂根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)Krasnja小社區(qū)的需要和傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。告別教堂沿著墓地周?chē)纳絼?shì)輪廓而建，與周?chē)男∩饺跒橐惑w。三道弧形墻將整個(gè)教堂分為三塊不同的區(qū)域：服務(wù)區(qū)域、內(nèi)部葬禮區(qū)域和一個(gè)面向周?chē)∩降膶挸ǖ慕烫脧V場(chǎng)?；炷羾鷫⒔烫脧V場(chǎng)和周?chē)男∩礁糸_(kāi)，構(gòu)成一道環(huán)繞告別教堂的外部曲線(xiàn)。環(huán)繞主要的葬禮儀式區(qū)域的是一道用云杉裝飾的墻，墻上有玻璃窗俯視入口處一個(gè)小小的廣場(chǎng)，這里是人們夏天舉行葬禮的地方。服務(wù)區(qū)域有洗手間、一個(gè)小廚房、儲(chǔ)藏室和衣帽間，沿著后墻依次排開(kāi)。最后要說(shuō)的是屋頂，人們可以沿著一條坡道登上屋頂，彎曲的坡道一部分在入口處小廣場(chǎng)上方，給人們提供了避雨的地方，夏天可以遮擋陽(yáng)光。

標(biāo)志

這座教堂沒(méi)有明顯的天主教標(biāo)志，教堂的標(biāo)志不露聲色地與建筑格局融為一體?；炷廖蓓斏嫌幸粋€(gè)十字架。從里面看，像是主葬禮區(qū)域正上方的天窗，從外面看，屋頂又是整個(gè)景觀(guān)中的一個(gè)地標(biāo)符號(hào)。

“教堂后面的小山上是一片樹(shù)林，教堂屋頂也是一個(gè)花園。這座教堂的建筑風(fēng)格既有大膽的設(shè)計(jì)特色，又是當(dāng)代建筑語(yǔ)言一種不拘一格的體現(xiàn)，同時(shí)還保留了傳統(tǒng)的精神價(jià)值，這座作為一種滿(mǎn)足日常宗教需求的教堂，位于一片墓地中間，這拉近了教堂與周邊環(huán)境的聯(lián)系。項(xiàng)目提供了安葬逝者的林地，長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的墓碑提醒著人們這里是亡靈安息之地。簡(jiǎn)單的幾何圖形與周?chē)墓嗄救跒橐惑w。人們告慰亡靈的禱告聲時(shí)時(shí)回響在這片森林中?！? Marco Sammicheli （Abitare雜志）。

The farewell chapel sits next to a previously existing graveyard in a village close to Ljubljana. It was designed for the needs and traditions of a small community of Krasnja.The chapel is integrated into the hill following the rising landscape contours around the graveyard. Three embracing curved walls divide the space into distinct programmed zones： a service area，an interior farewell space， and a large chapel plateau that opens onto the surrounding hill. A concrete retaining wall divides the plateau from the surrounding hill， creating an external curve that embraces the farewell chapel. The internal curve which encompasses the main farewell space is a larch dressed wall， partly glazed overlooking a small entry square used for open summer funeral gatherings. The service spaces such as restrooms， a kitchenette， storage and a wardrobe are distributed along the back wall. Finally， the roof， which can be accessed via ramp， follows its own curve partly covering the entry square and a offers a rain shelter and a sun-protecting element.

The sign

Instead of visible mark of catholic symbol the sign is silently integrated into a building form. The cross is a cut out from a concrete roof. From the inside appears as a central skylight source above the main farewell space， on the other hand from the roof top acts as a landmark sign laying in the landscape.

“The hill behind the chapel is covered with a forest， as well as the roof of a garden. The ratio of the object introduces architectural landscape with a character of experimentation and a contemporary language that transcends the models and not surrender to the spiritual value， the balance link with nature is a catalog of stories and symbols ready to respond both to the religious needs of daily life of an area like that of a chapel in a cemetery. The project provides for the forest to welcome the tomb，and long straight boards to bring into notice of the burial areas. Simple geometries are mixed with the shrubs that enclosed space. Also here is designed room where the farewell in front of a colonnade evokes the tree trunks.” … Marco Sammicheli （ Abitare）

Farewell Chapel

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