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三葉莢蒾中萜類化學(xué)成分的研究

2017-07-13 20:29胡疆卯霞景年華史俊友劉慧青
中國中藥雜志 2017年12期
關(guān)鍵詞:三萜

胡疆+卯霞+景年華+史俊友+劉慧青

[摘要] 采用硅膠、反向硅膠、Sephadex LH-20及MCI柱色譜等多種色譜技術(shù)和方法對三葉莢蒾Viburnum ternatum進行化學(xué)成分研究,運用現(xiàn)代波譜學(xué)方法并結(jié)合文獻對分離得到的化合物進行結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定。從該植物枝葉70%丙酮水提取液的醋酸乙酯萃取部分中分離并鑒定了12個化合物,包括4個環(huán)烯醚萜類成分ternatumin A(1),2,9-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes (2),7,10,2′-triacetylsuspensolide F(3)和7,10,2′,3′-tetra-acetylsuspensolide F(4),5個環(huán)烯醚萜苷類成分viburtinoside IV(5),viburtinoside II(6),viburtinoside B(7),luzonoside A (8)和luzonoside B(9)以及3個三萜類成分2α,3β,24-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid(10),6-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-3-one(11)和pomalic acid(12)。其中,化合物1為新化合物,化合物2為新天然產(chǎn)物,化合物3~12為首次從該植物中分離得到。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 三葉莢蒾; 忍冬科; 環(huán)烯醚萜; 環(huán)烯醚萜苷; 三萜

[Abstract] Four iridoids (1-4), five iridoid glucosides (5-9), and three triterpenoids (10-12) were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of 70% Me2CO extract of the aerial parts of Viburnum ternatum through various column chromatographies over silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and MCI. Their structures were elucidated as ternatumin A (1), 2,9-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes (2), 7,10,2′-triacetylsuspensolide F (3), 7,10,2′,3′-tetraacetylsuspensolide F (4), viburtinoside IV (5), viburtinoside II (6), viburtinoside B (7), luzonoside A (8), luzonoside B (9), 2α,3β,24-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (10), 6-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-3-one (11), and pomalic acid (12) based on the their chromatographic properties, chemical and physicochemical methods, and spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was a new compound and compounds 3-12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Furthermore, we note here the first isolation of compound 2 as a new natural product.

[Key words] Viburnum ternatum; Caprifoliaceae; iridoids; iridoid glucosides; triterpenoids

莢蒾屬Viburnum植物屬忍冬科Caprifoliaceae,全球約230余種,分布在溫帶和亞熱帶地區(qū)。我國約有74種,廣布于全國各省區(qū),尤以西南和中南地區(qū)(中高海拔)種類最多[1-2]。該屬植物多為灌木或小喬木,落葉或常綠。許多種類是著名的園林觀賞植物,也有部分種類的根、莖、枝葉或果實入藥,具有鎮(zhèn)靜、利尿及解除子宮痙攣等藥理活性[3-4]。該屬植物化學(xué)成分結(jié)構(gòu)類型多樣,包括二萜類、三萜類、環(huán)烯醚萜類、倍半萜類、黃酮類、木脂素類、酚苷類及香豆素類等[5-6]。三葉莢蒾V. ternatum生于中國南方海拔650~1 400 m的山谷、山坡叢林或灌叢中[5]。國內(nèi)外對該植物的化學(xué)成分研究報道較少,本課題組曾從三葉莢蒾分離得到2個新木脂素和1個新雙黃酮[7],為進一步尋找其天然活性產(chǎn)物,對三葉莢蒾70%丙酮提取液的醋酸乙酯萃取部分的化學(xué)成分進行了系統(tǒng)研究,分離并鑒定了1個新的環(huán)烯醚萜ternatumin A(1),1個新天然產(chǎn)物的環(huán)烯醚萜2,9-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes (2),2個已知的環(huán)烯醚萜7,10,2′-triacetylsuspensolide F(3)和7,10,2′,3′-tetra-acetylsuspensolide F(4),5個已知環(huán)烯醚萜苷viburtinoside Ⅳ(5),viburtinoside Ⅱ(6),viburtinoside B(7),luzonoside A (8)和luzonoside B(9),以及3個三萜類成分2α,3β,24-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid(10),6-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-3-one(11)和pomalic acid(12)?;衔?~12為首次從該植物中分離得到。

1 材料

Jasco P-1020 全自動數(shù)字旋光儀(日本分光公司);Shimadzu UV-2401A 紫外分光光度儀(日本,島津);Bruker Tensor-27 傅立葉變換中紅外光譜儀(德國,布魯克);API QSTAR Pulsar 液相四級桿飛行時間質(zhì)譜儀(美國,應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)公司);Bruker Avance 400型核磁共振儀,TMS內(nèi)標(德國Bruker 公司);柱色譜硅膠(200~300目,青島海洋化工有限公司);薄層色譜硅膠GF254(煙臺江友硅膠開發(fā)有限公司);RP-18反相硅膠(50 μm,日本,YMC 公司);Sephadex LH-20(瑞典,Amersham);MCI柱填充材料為MCI-gel CHP-20P(75~150 μm,日本,三菱化學(xué));柱色譜用試劑均為分析純(國藥集團化學(xué)試劑有限公司)。

藥材于2015年7月采自于云南富源地區(qū),經(jīng)曲靖師范學(xué)院卯霞副教授鑒定為三葉莢蒾V.ternatum。樣本保存于曲靖師范學(xué)院少數(shù)民族用資源研究所。

2 提取和分離

干燥的三葉莢蒾枝葉12.5 kg,經(jīng)粉碎后在室溫下用70%丙酮50 L提取3次,每次3 d,提取液減壓回收溶劑得浸膏276 g。浸膏用水混懸,水混懸液用醋酸乙酯15 L萃取3次,得醋酸乙酯部分122 g。醋酸乙酯部分經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜(200~300目)用氯仿-甲醇(100∶0~70∶30)進行梯度洗脫,經(jīng)TLC檢查后合并得到8個部分Fr. 1~Fr. 8。Fr. 2(15 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用石油醚(30~60 ℃)-醋酸乙酯(8∶2)洗脫得到3個部分Fr. 2-1~Fr. 2-3,F(xiàn)r. 2-1(1.1 g)經(jīng)MCI柱用甲醇-水(80∶20)脫色后,用Sephadex LH-20氯仿-甲醇(1∶1)多次純化得到化合物2(98 mg),F(xiàn)r. 2-2(2.1 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用氯仿-甲醇(90∶10)純化得到化合物1(78 mg)和11(52 mg)。Fr. 3(8 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用石油醚-丙酮(8∶2)反復(fù)純化得到化合物6(57 mg)和12(63 mg)。Fr. 4(11 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用氯仿-醋酸乙酯(3∶1)洗脫得到4個部分Fr. 4-1~Fr. 4-4。Fr. 4-1(1.3 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用石油醚-醋酸乙酯(2∶1)洗脫后,用Sephadex LH-20柱(氯仿-甲醇 1∶1)純化得到化合物3(73 mg)。Fr. 3-3(1.6 g)經(jīng)反相柱RP-18柱用甲醇-水(80∶20)純化得5(35 mg)和9(57 mg)。Fr. 5(13 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用石油醚-丙酮(3∶7)多次純化,得到化合物 4(38 mg)。Fr. 7(9 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用氯仿-甲醇(1∶9)洗脫得到3個部分Fr. 7-1~Fr. 7-3。Fr. 7-1(987 mg)經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱用甲醇多次純化得到化合物7(47 mg),F(xiàn)r. 7-2(1.1 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜用氯仿-甲醇(85∶15)反復(fù)純化得到化合物8(55 mg)。Fr. 7-3(1.7 g)經(jīng)RP-18反相柱用甲醇-水(8∶2)純化得到化合物10(102 mg)。

3 結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定

化合物1 為無色油狀物質(zhì),ESI-MS譜指出其準分子離子峰m/z 435 [M + Cl]-,結(jié)合13C-NMR和DEPT譜數(shù)據(jù),推測其分子式為C19H28O9,不飽和度為6,并且經(jīng)HR-ESI-MS譜(m/z 435.142 5 [M+Cl]-(C19H28O9Cl,計算值 435.142 2) 驗證?;衔?的13C-NMR和DEPT譜中除了2個乙?;鵞δC172.0,20.9; 171.0,20.8]和1個異戊酸片段-OCOCH2CH(CH32[δC171.5,43.9,26.3,22.6]的信號外,還顯示該化合物的母核有3個亞甲基,其中2個為被氧取代亞甲基[δC38.6(C-6),68.0(C-10)和64.9(C-11)];5個次甲基,包括1個烯碳[δC 137.9(C-3)]和2個被氧取代次甲基[δC 91.4(C-1)和δC 78.1(C-7)],2個季碳 [δC 83.1(C-8)和δC 120.1(C-4)]。H-1(δH6.24,d,J=4.2 Hz)與異戊酸片段中C=O(δC 171.5)的HMBC相關(guān)信號說明異戊酸與1位羥基成酯。以上光譜數(shù)據(jù)表明,化合物1為10碳的環(huán)烯醚萜。與已知化合物suspensolide A的苷元具有相似的結(jié)構(gòu)[8],不同之處在于2個乙?;娜〈恢?。在化合物1的HMBC譜中可以看到,H-10(δH4.25,4.31,each,d,J=7.5 Hz)和H-11(δH4.47,4.61,each,d,J=7.2 Hz)分別與2個乙?;驶迹é腃171.0 和 172.0)有明顯的相關(guān)信號,由此可以確定2個乙?;倪B接位置分別為C-10和C-11見圖1。其相對構(gòu)型通過ROESY譜并與已知化合物suspensolide A的苷元進行比較得到確定。在ROESY譜中,H-5和H-10與H-9的相關(guān)信號表明H-10為β構(gòu)型。H-6a/H-5和H-6b/H-7的ROESY的相關(guān)信號表明C-7上的羥基為β構(gòu)型。另外,H-1/H-9的ROESY相關(guān)信號以及H-1/H-9的耦合常數(shù)(J=4.2 Hz)說明H-1為β構(gòu)型。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)可以推斷化合物1結(jié)構(gòu),見圖2,并命名為ternatumin A。

化合物1 無色油狀物C19H28O9,[α] -30.23(c 0.10,MeOH)。UV(MeOH) λmax (log ε): 191(2.68),195(2.72),206(3.05) nm。IR(KBr) νmax: 3 435,2 960,1 738,1 255,1 100 cm–1。1H-NMR和13C-NMR數(shù)據(jù)見表1。

化合物2 無色油狀物。EI-MS m/z 228 [M]+。HR-ESI-MS m/z 251.089 2 [M+Na]+(C11H16O5Na,計算值251.089 5)。[α] +15.30(c 0.02,MeOH)。UV(MeOH)λmax (log ε): 292(4.15) nm。IR(KBr) νmax: 3 075,1 740,1 660,948 cm-1。1H-NMR和13C-NMR數(shù)據(jù)見表1。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[9]對照,鑒定該化合物為2,9-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes。

化合物3 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 627 [M+Na]+。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ: 6.14(1H,d,J=5.3 Hz,H-1),6.38(1H,bs,H-3),2.90(1H,m,H-5),2.10~2.12(2H,overlapped,H-6a,-CH2CHMe2),1.98(1H,m,H-6b),5.02(1H,t,J=2.9 Hz,H-7),2.39(1H,dd,J=5.3,9.9 Hz,H-9),4.27(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-10a),4.20(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-10b),4.25(1H,d,J=11.7 Hz,H-11a),4.11(1H,d,J=11.7 Hz,H-11b),4.50(1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-1′),4.71(1H,dd,J=8.0,9.4 Hz,H-2′),3.51(1H,t,J=9.4 Hz,H-3′),3.34(1H,m,H-4′),3.27(1H,m,H-5′),3.88(1H,dd,J=1.7,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.68(1H,dd,J=5.6,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),2.22(2H,d,J=6.9 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),0.95(6H,d,J=6.6 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.09,2.05 和2.03(each 3H,s,3×-COCH3)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 91.3(C-1),140.9(C-3),115.4(C-4),33.9(C-5),36.5(C-6),80.8(C-7),82.2(C-8),45.8(C-9),67.9(C-10),69.3(C-11),100.4(C-1′),75.3(C-2′),76.1(C-3′),71.7 (C-4′),78.0(C-5′),62.6(C-6′),172.9(-COO-),42.2 (-CH2CHMe2),26.8(-CH2CHMe2),22.6 和22.7 (-CH2CHMe2),172.6,171.7和171.6(3×-COCH3),21.1,21.0和20.7(3 × -COCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[10]對照,鑒定該化合物為7,10,2′-triacetylsuspensolide F。

化合物4 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 669 [M+Na]+。C29H42O16。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ: 6.13(1H,d,J=5.2 Hz,H-1),6.40(1H,bs,H-3),2.92(1H,m,H-5),2.12(1H,m,H-6a),1.97(1H,m,H-6b),5.02(1H,m,H-7),2.38(1H,dd,J=5.2,6.0 Hz,H-9),4.22(2H,br s,H-10),4.14(1H,d,J=11.6 Hz,H-11a),4.28(1H,d,J=11.6 Hz,H-11b),4.64(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz,H-1′),4.79(1H,dd,J=7.8,9.0 Hz,H-2′),5.07(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-3′),3.57(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-4′),3.43(1H,ddd,J=2.2,5.6,9.0 Hz,H-5′),3.71(1H,dd,J=5.6,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.88(1H,dd,J=2.2,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),2.25(2H,d,J=7.8 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.15(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.95(6H,d,J=6.6 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.06,2.03,2.02和2.00(4×-COCH3)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 91.1(C-1),140.8(C-3),115.0(C-4),33.8 (C-5),36.3(C-6),80.5(C-7),82.0(C-8),45.5 (C-9),67.6(C-10),69.3(C-11),99.6(C-1′),73.1(C-2′),76.8(C-3′),69.2(C-4′),77.3(C-5′),62.1(C-6′),172.6(-COO-),44.0(-CH2CHMe2),27.5(-CH2CHMe2),22.5(-CH2CHMe2),171.0,171.4,171.9和172.3(4×-COCH3),20.6,20.7,20.7和20.9(4×-COCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[11]對照,鑒定該化合物為7,10,2′,3′-tetra-acetylsuspensolide F。

化合物5 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 585 [M+Na]+。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ: 6.17(1H,d,J=4.5 Hz,H-1),6.32(1H,bs,H-3),2.93(1H,bq,H-5),1.93(2H,m,H-6),3.94(1H,bt,J=3.4 Hz,H-7),2.32(1H,dd,J=4.5,10.0 Hz,H-9),4.22(2H,br s,H-10),4.07(1H,d,J=11.2 Hz,H-11a),4.23(1H,d,J=11.2 Hz,H-11b),4.49(1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-1′),4.70(1H,dd,J=8.0,9.3 Hz,H-2′),3.53(1H,t,J=9.3 Hz,H-3′),3.36(1H,t,J=9.3 Hz,H-4′),3.29(1H,m,H-5′),3.69(1H,dd,J=5.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.88(1H,dd,J=2.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),2.20(2H,d,J=7.2Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.05(3H,s,Ac),2.08(3H,s,Ac),2.06(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.94(6H,d,J=6.6 Hz,-CH2CHMe2)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 91.6(C-1),140.1(C-3),116.0(C-4),33.0(C-5),38.4(C-6),79.2(C-7),82.7(C-8),45.4(C-9),68.8(C-10),69.6(C-11),100.7(C-1′),75.2(C-2′),76.0(C-3′),71.5(C-4′),77.8(C-5′),62.5(C-6′),173.0,(-COO-),44.0(-CH2CHMe2),26.5(-CH2CHMe2),22.4(-CH2CHMe2),171.6和172.9(2×-COCH3),20.7和21.0(2×-COCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[12]對照一致,鑒定該化合物為viburtinoside IV。

化合物6 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 689 [M+Na]+1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ:6.18(1H,d,J=4.0 Hz,H-1),6.30(1H,br s,H-3),2.90(1H,bq,H-5),1.89(2H,m,H-6),3.92(1H,br s,H-7),2.26(1H,dd,J=4.5,9.6 Hz,H-9),4.18(2H,bs,H-10),4.05~4.25(2H,m,H-11),4.55(1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-1′),4.81(1H,dd,J=8.0,9.0 Hz,H-2′),3.58(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-3′),3.39(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-4′),3.27(1H,m,H-5′),3.70(1H,dd,J=5.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.88(1H,dd,J=1.8,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),7.47(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-2″,H-6″),6.80(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-3″,H-5″),6.40(1H,d,J=16.3 Hz,H-7″),7.64(1H,d,J=16.3 Hz,H-8″),2.15(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.04(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.93(6H,d,J=6.6 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.01(3H,s,-COCH3)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ:91.5(C-1),140.1(C-3),115.5(C-4),32.4(C-5),38.4(C-6),78.9(C-7),82.5(C-8),45.5(C-9),68.9(C-10),69.7(C-11),101.2(C-1′),75.2(C-2′),76.0(C-3′),71.7(C-4′),77.9(C-5′),62.6(C-6′),127.2 (C-1″),131.2(C-2″,C-6″),116.8(C-3″,C-5″),161.1(C-4″),115.8(C-7″),146.8(C-8″),167.6 (C-9″),173.0,(-COO-),44.0(-CH2CHMe2),26.5 (-CH2CHMe2),22.4(-CH2CHMe2),172.8 (-COCH3),20.9(-COCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[3]對照,鑒定該化合物為viburtinoside Ⅱ。

化合物7 白色無定形粉末。ESI-MS m/z 707 [M-H]-。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ:6.15(1H,d,J=5.2 Hz,H-1),6.34(1H,br s,H-3),2.91(1H,bq,H-5),2.03(2H,m,H-6),5.01(1H,br s,H-7),2.36(1H,dd,J=5.4,9.6 Hz,H-9),4.15(2H,br s,H-10),4.07(2H,m,H-11),4.55(1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-1′),4.85(1H,dd,J=8.1,9.0 Hz,H-2′),3.50(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,H-3′),3.40(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,H-4′),3.27(1H,m,H-5′),3.70(1H,dd,J=5.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.84(1H,dd,J=1.8,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),7.76(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-2″,H-6″),6.82(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-3″,5″),6.88(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-7″),5.78(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-8″),2.19(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.12(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.93(6H,d,J=6.2 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),1.98(6H,s,2×-COCH3)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 90.3(C-1),139.7(C-3),115.3(C-4),32.9(C-5),35.8(C-6),80.2 (C-7),81.6(C-8),45.1(C-9),67.2(C-10),68.7(C-11),100.5(C-1′),74.7(C-2′),75.9(C-3′),71.8(C-4′),77.1(C-5′),62.8(C-6′),126.8 (C-1″),133.6(C-2″,C-6″),115.2(C-3″,C-5″),159.6(C-4″),144.2(C-7″),114.7(C-8″),166.4 (C-9″),171.3(-COO-),43.5(-CH2CHMe2),26.0 (-CH2CHMe2),22.4(-CH2CHMe2),170.2和170.0(2× -COCH3),20.5和20.2(2×-COCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[6]對照,鑒定該化合物為viburtinoside B。

化合物8 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 647 [M + Na]+。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ:6.21(1H,d,J=4.5 Hz,H-1),6.41(1H,bs,H-3),3.10(1H,bq,H-5),2.23(1H,m,H-6a),2.17(1H,m,H-6b),5.09(1H,bs,H-7),2.45(1H,dd,J=4.5,9.8 Hz,H-9),3.67(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-10a),3.72(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-10b),4.12(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-11a),4.28(1H,d,J=11.5 Hz,H-11b),4.30(1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-1′),3.19(1H,dd,J=8.1,9.0 Hz,H-2′),3.34(1H,t,J=9.2 Hz,H-3′),3.26(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-4′),3.27(1H,m,H-5′),3.75(1H,dd,J=5.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.85(1H,dd,J=1.8,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),7.48(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-2″,H-6″),6.81(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-3″,H-5″),7.61(1H,d,J=8.9 Hz,H-7″),6.35(1H,d,J=8.9 Hz,H-8″),2.21(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.10(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.97(6H,d,J=6.5 Hz,-CH2CHMe2)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 91.5(C-1),140.7(C-3),115.9(C-4),33.0(C-5),35.9(C-6),81.6(C-7),83.4(C-8),45.3(C-9),66.0(C-10),69.8(C-11),103.4 (C-1′),75.2(C-2′),78.1(C-3′),71.7(C-4′),78.0(C-5′),62.8(C-6′),127.8(C-1″),131.3 (C-2″,C-6″),116.8(C-3″,C-5″),161.4(C-4″),146.9 (C-7″),115.2(C-8″),167.7(C-9″),173.1 (-COO-),44.2(-CH2CHMe2),26.8(-CH2CHMe2),22.7(-CH2CHMe2)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[12]對照,鑒定該化合物為luzonoside A。

化合物9 白色無定形粉末。FAB-MS m/z 647 [M+Na]+。1H-NMR(CD3OD,500 Hz) δ:6.17(1H,d,J=4.5 Hz,H-1),6.35(1H,br s,H-3),2.92(1H,bq,H-5),2.11(1H,m,H-6a),2.17(1H,m,H-6b),5.04(1H,br s,H-7),2.28(1H,dd,J=4.4,9.7 Hz,H-9),3.56(1H,d,J=11.3 Hz,H-10a),3.60(1H,d,J=11.3 Hz,H-10b),4.11(1H,d,J=11.7 Hz,H-11a),4.28(1H,d,J=11.7 Hz,H-11b),4.31(1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-1′),3.20(1H,dd,J=8.1,9.0 Hz,H-2′),3.34(1H,t,J=9.2 Hz,H-3′),3.26(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,H-4′),3.27(1H,m,H-5′),3.65(1H,dd,J=5.4,12.0 Hz,H-6′a),3.87(1H,dd,J=1.8,12.0 Hz,H-6′b),7.54(2H,d,J=8.3 Hz,H-2″,6″),6.77(2H,d,J=8.3 Hz,H-3″,H-5″),6.91(1H,d,J=12.7 Hz,H-7″),5.79(1H,d,J=12.7 Hz,H-8″),2.22(2H,d,J=8.0 Hz,-CH2CHMe2),2.08(1H,m,-CH2CHMe2),0.96(6H,d,J=5.8 Hz,-CH2CHMe2)。13C-NMR(CDC13,125 MHz) δ: 91.4(C-1),140.5(C-3),115.9(C-4),33.0(C-5),36.0(C-6),81.3(C-7),83.4(C-8),45.3(C-9),65.8(C-10),69.8(C-11),103.4 (C-1′),75.1(C-2′),78.1(C-3′),71.8(C-4′),78.0(C-5′),62.8(C-6′),128.0(C-1″),133.4(C-2″,C-6″),115.9(C-3″,C-5″),161.4(C-4″),145.4 (C-7″),116.9(C-8″),168.7(C-9″),173.1 (-COO-),44.2(-CH2CHMe2),26.8(-CH2CHMe2),22.7 (-CH2CHMe2)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[12]對照,鑒定該化合物為luzonoside B。

化合物10 白色無定形粉末。ESI-MS m/z 489 [M + H]+。1H-NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz): δ: 4.27(1H,dd,J=2.8,11.8 Hz,H-2),3.68(1H,d,J=11.8 Hz,H-3),5.18(1H,m,H-12),1.05(3H,s,H-23),3.79(1H,d,J=9.8 Hz,H-24a),3.87(1H,J=9.8 Hz,H-24b),0.91(3H,s,H-25),0.73(3H,s,H-26),1.08(3H,s,H-27),0.95(3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,H-29),0.93(3H,d,J=5.8 Hz,H-30)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz) δ: 47.9(C-1),67.6(C-2),83.9(C-3),44.9(C-4),56.6(C-5),18.3(C-6),35.3(C-7),43.2(C-8),48.9(C-9),38.9 (C-10),24.7(C-11),128.3(C-12),138.9 (C-13),42.6(C-14),26.3(C-15),25.5(C-16),49.2 (C-17),53.2(C-18),43.6(C-19),41.6 (C-20),30.8(C-21),33.3(C-22),29.9(C-23),65.7(C-24),16.9(C-25),17.7(C-26),24.6 (C-27),180.7 (C-28),19.9(C-29),21.9(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[13]對照,鑒定該化合物為2α,3β,24-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid。

化合物11 白色無定形粉末。ESI-MS m/z 471 [M + H]+1H-NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz): δ: 3.96(1H,m,H-6),1.10(3H,s,H-23),1.03(3H,s,H-24),1.06(3H,s,H-25),0.76(3H,s,H-26),1.34(3H,s,H-27),4.77(1H,bs,H-29a),4.67(1H,br s,H-29b),1.69(3H,s,H-30)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz) δ: 38.6(C-1),33.0(C-2),219.8(C-3),43.4(C-4),57.5(C-5),67.9 (C-6),44.5(C-7),39.6(C-8),48.7(C-9),32.9(C-10),21.9(C-11),25.4(C-12),38.3(C-13),40.5(C-14),29.8(C-15),32.5(C-16),55.1 (C-17),48.2(C-18),47.5(C-19),154.7(C-20),30.4 (C-21),37.3(C-22),22.3(C-23),19.8 (C-24),16.2(C-25),17.5(C-26),14.6(C-27),180.9(C-28),110.5(C-29),19.8(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[14]對照,鑒定該化合物為6-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-3-one。

化合物12 白色無定形粉末。ESI-MS m/z 473 [M+H]+。1H-NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz) δ: 3.51(1H,dd,J=5.2,10.8 Hz,H-3),5.69(1H,t,J=4.0 Hz,H-12),1.31(3H,s,H-23),1.10(3H,s,H-24),0.98(3H,s,H-25),1.21(3H,s,H-26),1.81(3H,s,H-27),1.53(3H,s,H-29),1.19(3H,d,J=4.4 Hz,H-30)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz) δ:39.3(C-1),28.4(C-2),78.5(C-3),39.7(C-4),56.2(C-5),19.2(C-6),33.9(C-7),40.7(C-8),48.1(C-9),37.7(C-10),24.3(C-11),128.3(C-12),140.3(C-13),42.7(C-14),29.6(C-15),26.7 (C-16),48.6(C-17),54.9(C-18),73.0(C-19),42.4(C-20),27.2(C-21),38.8(C-22),29.1 (C-23),15.9(C-24),16.8(C-25),17.5(C-26),25.0(C-27),180.9(C-28),27.4(C-29),17.1 (C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[15]對照,鑒定該化合物為pomalic acid。

[參考文獻]

[1] 中國科學(xué)院中國植物志編輯委員會. 中國植物志. 第72卷 [M]. 北京:科學(xué)出版社,2004.

[2] 浙江植物志編輯委員會. 浙江植物志. 第6卷 [M]. 杭州:浙江科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社,1993.

[3] Mohamed M A, Marzouk M S A, Moharram F A, et al. Phytochemical constituents and hepatoprotective activity of Viburnum tinus [J]. Phytochemistry, 2005, 66(23): 2780.

[4] Lobstein A, Weniger B, Malécot V, et al. Polyphenolic content of two Colombian Viburnum species(Caprifoliaceae) [J]. Biochem Syst Ecol, 2003, 31(1): 95.

[5] Wang X Y, Shi H M, Li X B. Chemical constituents of plants from the genus Viburnum [J]. Chem Biodivers, 2010, 7(3): 567.

[6] Fukuyama Y, Fujii H, Minami H, et al. Neovibsanin F and its congeners, rearranged vibsane-type diterpenes from Viburnum suspensum [J].J Nat Prod, 2006, 69(7): 1098.

[7] Hu J, Shi X D, Mao X, et al. Chemical constituents from the ethanol extract of Viburnum ternatum [J].

J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2014, 16(7): 703.

[8] Hase T, Iwagawa T. Bitter principles of Viburnum suspensum [J]. Chem Lett, 1982, 11(1): 13.

[9] Peter Willibrord T, Samuel D. Esters of 4-hydroxy-2,9-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes and processes for their production: US, 4016176[P].1979.

[10] Tomassini L, Gao J J, Serafini M, et al. Iridoid g1ucosides from Viburnum sargenti [J]. Nat Prod Res, 2005, 19(7): 667.

[11] Tomawni L, Foddai S, Nicoletti M, et al. Iridoid glucosides from viburnum ayavacense [J]. Phyrochemistry, 1997, 46(5): 901.

[12] Fukuyama Y, Minoshima Y, Kishimoto Y, et al. Iridoid glucosides and p-coumaroyl iridoids from Viburnum luzonicum and their cytotoxicity [J].J Nat Prod,2004, 67(11): 1833.

[13] Wang B H, Polya G M. Selective inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by amphiphilic triterpenoids and related compounds [J]. Phytochemistry, 1996, 41(1): 55.

[14] Dantanarayana A P, Kumar N S, Muthukuda P M, A lupane derivative and the 13C-NMR chemical shifts of some lupanols from Pleurostylia opposite [J]. Phytochemistry, 1982, 21(8): 2065.

[15] 雷軍,肖云川,劉淼,等. 糯米藤化學(xué)成分研究 [J]. 中成藥,2013,35(7): 1489.

[責任編輯 丁廣治]

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