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淺談中考閱讀理解（上）

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技能目標

閱讀理解主要考查的是考生綜合運用所學語言知識的能力，包括閱讀能力、理解能力、歸納概括能力、邏輯推理能力，以及對所讀材料的評估能力等。縱觀近幾年來的中考閱讀理解試題，不僅題材慢慢多元化、題量逐步加大，時代氣息更濃、更貼近實際生活，而且更注重對文化背景和學生綜合能力的考查。閱讀理解選材緊扣時代脈搏、倡導人文關懷，體裁一般有記敘文、說明文、議論文（或夾敘夾議）和應用文。

解題步驟

同學們在做閱讀理解題的時候，可遵循“三步走”的原則，即：快速閱讀短文、逐題認真作答、復查核對答案。

指導策略

1. 快速閱讀短文

先快速閱讀一遍弄清段落大意，對全文有一個整體了解。閱讀時從宏觀入手，掌握中心思想，注意那些用以說明中心的主要事實和細節(jié)，抓住關鍵詞，弄清作者寫此篇文章的目的及意圖。如遇到生詞，應先跳過，繼續(xù)通讀全文，切忌長時間死摳生詞，因為有些生詞并不影響對全文的理解，還有一些生詞可以通過上下文推測其含義。

2. 逐題認真作答

讀完短文，對整篇短文的內(nèi)容有了大致了解后，應馬上看看后面的題目，帶著問題在文中尋找答案。如果是客觀信息題，就可以直接在短文中找到出處。如果是主觀判斷題，則應迅速再讀全文，仔細進行分析思考，將相似的答案對照原文反復進行比較、推敲，選出最佳答案。

3. 復查核對答案

做完所有題目后，最后再讀一遍短文，逐一檢查答案是否有誤。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要隨意更改，一定要從原文中找到依據(jù)，方可更正。

實戰(zhàn)演練

There is no doubt that mothers play an important leading role in the lives of their children. But what about a father’s role? My belief is that fathers play just as important a role as mothers.

Fathers give us support. They are the shore we swim to when our arms and legs feel tired. They are the strength we rely on as we take our first step into the world. Fathers can be gentle and powerful, but they probably have the simplest love we ever know.

For daughters, the father is the first man they admire and the first man whose eyes shine with happiness when they look at them. He is the first man to fall in love with them.

____________, the father is their first idol and possibly the only man they will ever feel comfortable loving.

For mothers, the father of our children is the person we can trust to watch over the babies as closely as we would. We are protected in the knowledge of their love. A father is the person on the planet with whom we can do whatever we want...one who will be just as interested and never feel bored in the face of our devotion.

Without fathers, we wouldn’t be moms. I would like to thank them from all our hearts for this honor and for being our partners in this business of raising children.

( ) 1. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Fathers are as important as mothers.

B. Fathers are gentler than mothers.

C. Fathers don’t know how to care for children.

D. We can only swim with fathers.

( ) 2. From the reading, we can know the writer is ____________.

A. a father B. a mother C. a teacher D. a doctor

( ) 3. Which of the following can be put on the line in the fourth paragraph?

A. For mothers

B. For grandmothers

C. For families

D. For sons

( ) 4. According to the passage, we can know that ___________.

A. fathers’ love is different from mothers’

B. mothers usually don’t allow fathers to look after their babies

C. fathers are always strong

D. if we have difficulties, we’d better not let our fathers know

( ) 5. The best title of the passage is “_____________”.

A. I love you, father

B. Fathers are our idols

C. The importance of fathers

D. Fathers and mothers

閱讀分析

這道閱讀理解題，需要在理解短文意思的基礎上進行分析、判斷，才能夠得出正確的答案。文章介紹了父親在生活中扮演著十分重要的角色，父親對于女兒、兒子和母親來說，都發(fā)揮著十分重要的作用。掌握了全文大意后，仔細閱讀文章后的問題，然后帶著問題再次回到原文尋找有關信息。逐題分析如下：

1. 這是一道判斷正誤題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句話，可選出答案A。

2. 這是一道推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第一句話，可選出答案B。

3. 這是一道經(jīng)驗常識題。根據(jù)第三段中的“For daughters”和第五段中的“For mothers”，可推測橫線處應填“For sons”，故答案選D。

4. 這是一道推理判斷題。透過文章的表面文字信息，可推測答案是A。

5. 這是一道中心大意題。文章主要講述的是父親在生活中扮演著十分重要的角色，故答案選C。