張萌萌,汝曉雙,范鴻禹,張清,伍建林*
基于MRI征象與壞死體積測(cè)量對(duì)非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死塌陷預(yù)測(cè)價(jià)值的初步研究
張萌萌1,2,汝曉雙1,3,范鴻禹1,張清1,伍建林1*
作者單位:
1.大連大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院放射科,大連 116011
2.中國(guó)人民解放軍第302醫(yī)院放射科,北京 100039
3.大連市中心醫(yī)院放射科,大連116033
目的探討基于MRI征象及壞死體積百分比預(yù)測(cè)非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死塌陷的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。材料與方法2010年9月至2012年11月期間連續(xù)收集經(jīng)大連大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院門診或住院檢查診斷為非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死且未發(fā)生股骨頭塌陷的患者共56例(76髖)。首次檢查及隨訪均行雙側(cè)髖關(guān)節(jié)X線檢查和MRI掃描,并依據(jù)每次X線圖像判定患者股骨頭有無(wú)塌陷分為塌陷組(31髖)和非塌陷組(45髖),依據(jù)首次MRI分析髖關(guān)節(jié)骨髓水腫、關(guān)節(jié)積液、股骨頭壞死區(qū)部位、形態(tài)及信號(hào)表現(xiàn)等征象,同時(shí)測(cè)量股骨頭壞死體積和計(jì)算股骨頭各象限壞死體積百分比。經(jīng)Logistic回歸比較分析,得出危險(xiǎn)因素指標(biāo);并用受試者工作特征曲線初步確定其敏感度與特異度。結(jié)果本研究中,最終未出現(xiàn)股骨頭塌陷者45髖(59.21%),塌陷者31髖(40.79%)。兩組中除性別、年齡、病因、壞死信號(hào)、后內(nèi)下象限外,其余各指標(biāo)均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。其中發(fā)現(xiàn)ARCOⅡ期、周圍型壞死、有骨髓水腫、總壞死體積百分比(%)、前外上象限(ASL)與后外上象限(PSL)的壞死體積百分比(%)高者塌陷率更高,并且以外上象限(ASL+PSL)股骨頭塌陷更易發(fā)生。3種定量指標(biāo)預(yù)測(cè)股骨頭壞死塌陷的最佳臨界值分別為19.51%、47.78%和21.00%,對(duì)應(yīng)的特異度和靈敏度分別為71.1%、68.9%、86.7%和93.5%、83.9%、77.4%。結(jié)論利用MRI檢查的征象指標(biāo)和壞死體積測(cè)量可有效提高預(yù)測(cè)股骨頭壞死患者的股骨頭塌陷的準(zhǔn)確性。
股骨頭壞死;磁共振成像;塌陷;壞死體積測(cè)量
股骨頭壞死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是各種原因?qū)е虏⒁詽u進(jìn)性發(fā)展為特點(diǎn)的臨床常見(jiàn)疾病。研究表明[1-3],ONFH患者中的80%~90%會(huì)在發(fā)病后2~3年間表現(xiàn)出臨床和影像學(xué)上的進(jìn)展,其中股骨頭塌陷是該病程轉(zhuǎn)折的重要改變。文獻(xiàn)表明[4-6],髖關(guān)節(jié)X線和MRI均是ONFH的重要影像學(xué)檢查方法,其中MRI在顯示早期股骨頭壞死的部位、范圍與病變程度等方面更加敏感和準(zhǔn)確,同時(shí)在測(cè)量股骨頭壞死體積方面也具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值,但該方面的研究報(bào)道較少。本研究采用Malizos等[7]提出的股骨頭8象限定量評(píng)估方法,基于MRI提供的清晰圖像進(jìn)行股骨頭壞死體積及其百分比的測(cè)量,并綜合多種征象,全面評(píng)估和探討MRI在預(yù)測(cè)股骨頭壞死塌陷和病情演變等方面的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
以《2012年版成人股骨頭壞死診療標(biāo)準(zhǔn)專家共識(shí)》[8]診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為依據(jù)。連續(xù)收集2010年9月至2012年11月期間于大連大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院收治的非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死,并按照世界骨循環(huán)研究會(huì)(Association Research Circulation Osseous,ARCO)骨壞死的國(guó)際分期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[9]診斷為早期股骨頭壞死(ARCOⅠ、Ⅱ)的患者56例(76髖),其中Ⅰ期22例(32髖),Ⅱ期34例(44髖)。女性14例,男性42例,平均年齡(49±13.41)歲。所有致股骨頭壞死因素中,特發(fā)性35髖,酒精性22髖,激素性17髖,發(fā)育不良性2髖。
在首診時(shí),被檢患者同時(shí)完善髖關(guān)節(jié)正、蛙式位X線以及1.5 T PHILLIPS MRI (46例)和3.0 T SIEMENS MRI (10例) MRI檢查,隨診中亦行上述檢查,MR檢查采用仰臥體位,使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體部線圈,行常規(guī)性連續(xù)的冠狀位T1WI、T2WI和STIR序列掃描。
確診ONFH后,受試患者每半年一次髖關(guān)節(jié)X線檢查,依據(jù)Aaron和Nishii等[10-11]的觀測(cè)方法,通過(guò)兩名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的放射科醫(yī)師評(píng)估塌陷情況(圖1)。所有受試患者中,隨診最短時(shí)間為10個(gè)月,最長(zhǎng)為42.5個(gè)月,平均隨訪時(shí)間為(21.6±9.1)個(gè)月。
根據(jù)Malizos等[7]提出的定量評(píng)估方法,將MRI中股骨頭視為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)球體并均分成8個(gè)部分,即前外上(ASL)、前內(nèi)上(ASM)、前外下(AIL)、前內(nèi)下(AIM)、后外上(PSL)、后內(nèi)上(PSM)、后外下(PIL)、后內(nèi)下(PIM)8個(gè)象限。利用西門子3.0 T MR后處理工作站(MultiModality WE40A版本)的面積工具,手動(dòng)逐層描繪壞死區(qū)域T1WI低信號(hào)帶外緣,得到各個(gè)象限壞死面積(圖2),并計(jì)算其所在層面的體積,分別將每一層面4個(gè)象限的體積相加得到4個(gè)象限的總體積,最后分別計(jì)算股骨頭各個(gè)象限的壞死體積百分比以及總壞死體積百分比(V)。
(1)關(guān)節(jié)腔積液:參照Mitchell等[12]文獻(xiàn)將關(guān)節(jié)腔積液定量為4級(jí):0級(jí):無(wú)積液;Ⅰ級(jí):少許積液包繞股骨頭頭頸一側(cè);Ⅱ級(jí):積液包繞股骨頭頭頸周圍且無(wú)關(guān)節(jié)囊隱窩擴(kuò)張;Ⅲ級(jí):積液包繞股骨頭頭頸周圍且關(guān)節(jié)囊隱窩膨脹擴(kuò)張;0級(jí)及Ⅰ級(jí)定義為少量積液,Ⅱ級(jí)為中等量積液,Ⅲ級(jí)為大量積液(圖3)。(2)骨髓水腫:有水腫和無(wú)水腫(圖4)。(3)壞死形態(tài):依據(jù)魏秋實(shí)等[13]分型方法,分為中心型和周圍型壞死(圖5)。(4)壞死信號(hào)(T2WI序列):高信號(hào)、低信號(hào)、混雜信號(hào)。
將上述各指標(biāo)經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件SPSS 20.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。首先對(duì)各計(jì)量資料進(jìn)行獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),對(duì)計(jì)數(shù)資料進(jìn)行卡方檢驗(yàn),然后用Logistic回歸模型對(duì)其中有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義者作進(jìn)一步分析。應(yīng)用受試者工作特征曲線(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲線)找出其預(yù)測(cè)的敏感度與特異度。計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示,按α=0.05水準(zhǔn)。
觀測(cè)ONFH 56例(76髖),平均隨訪時(shí)間(21.6±9.1)個(gè)月,其中塌陷者31髖(40.79%),未塌陷者45髖(59.21%)。除性別、年齡、壞死信號(hào)以及病因等,其余各指標(biāo)均存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001),詳見(jiàn)表1。
表 1 股骨頭塌陷組與未塌陷組各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的比較Tab.1 Comparison of the indicators between collapse group and non-collapse group
續(xù)表1 股骨頭塌陷組與未塌陷組各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的比較Continued tab.1 Comparison of the indicators between collapse group and non-collapse group
塌陷組總壞死體積百分比平均值為(40.1±20.1)%,未塌陷組平均壞死百分比為(18.3±19.8)%,兩組間差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。在各象限壞死體積百分比中,除PIM象限之外,其他各象限壞死體積百分比值的差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,詳見(jiàn)表2。
表2 股骨頭塌陷組和未塌陷組各象限與總壞死體積百分比值的比較Tab.2 Comparison of each quadrant and the total necrosis volume percentage between collapse group and non-collapse group
由Logistic回歸模型分析顯示,ARCO分期、壞死形態(tài)、骨髓水腫這3項(xiàng)指標(biāo)系數(shù)均為負(fù)值,根據(jù)模型的意義可知3者為保護(hù)因素,但上述指標(biāo)中存在亞變量,從而得出ARCOⅠ期、中央型壞死、無(wú)骨髓水腫的ONFH發(fā)生塌陷的可能性低于ARCOⅡ期、周圍型壞死有骨髓水腫者,3者的相對(duì)危險(xiǎn)度(OR值)約為0.2。然而總壞死體積、ASL和PSL象限壞死體積百分比這3項(xiàng)因素系數(shù)為正值,系股骨頭壞死塌陷的危險(xiǎn)因素,其OR值均大于1,見(jiàn)表3。
本研究基于上述股骨頭壞死塌陷的3個(gè)危險(xiǎn)因素,繪制其ROC曲線(圖6),ASL和PSL象限及總壞死體積百分比的ROC曲線下面積分別為0.814(95%CI:0.720~0.909)、0.853(95%CI:0.764~0.942)和0.835(95%CI:0.743~0.927),P<0.001(表4),特異度和靈敏度分別為71.1%、68.9%、86.7%和93.5%、83.9%、77.4%,預(yù)測(cè)塌陷的最佳診斷界值分別為47.78%、21.00%、19.51%。
未行醫(yī)療干預(yù)的非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死多呈進(jìn)展性破壞,其發(fā)生率約為80%[14],最終需全髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)。盡管很多影像學(xué)檢查可應(yīng)用于股骨頭壞死的篩查與診斷,但X線平片和MRI依然是目前主要的檢查方法,尤其是后者具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),可有助于評(píng)估分期、塌陷、預(yù)后和治療療效等[15]。
在有關(guān)預(yù)測(cè)股骨頭壞死塌陷的方法中,Malizos等[7]提出的股骨頭8分法對(duì)股骨頭壞死的處理得到的信息較多并較全面,同時(shí)測(cè)量方法較簡(jiǎn)單,有較好的可重復(fù)性。故本研究在分析股骨頭壞死MRI征象的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用以上方法研究影響股骨頭壞死塌陷的危險(xiǎn)因素,旨在探尋有助于臨床預(yù)測(cè)和評(píng)估股骨頭壞死塌陷的影像學(xué)征象與規(guī)律以指導(dǎo)臨床合理有效治療。
圖1 男,45歲,ARCOⅡ期股骨頭壞死患者。A:2012年3月的X線正位圖像;B:隨診至2013年6月出現(xiàn)X線圖像上可見(jiàn)的塌陷,塌陷位于上關(guān)節(jié)面(箭指示) 圖2 用面積測(cè)繪工具沿T1WI中股骨頭壞死區(qū)域低信號(hào)帶外緣描繪,自動(dòng)得到每一層面內(nèi)各個(gè)象限的壞死面積數(shù)據(jù) 圖3 關(guān)節(jié)積液分級(jí)。A:示右髖為Ⅰ級(jí),左髖為Ⅱ級(jí);B:示右髖為0級(jí),左髖為Ⅲ級(jí) 圖4 右側(cè)股骨上段無(wú)骨髓水腫,左側(cè)存在明顯骨髓水腫 圖5 壞死形態(tài):右側(cè)為周圍型壞死(長(zhǎng)箭所示),左側(cè)為中央型壞死(短箭所示)Fig. 1 Male, 45 years old, ARCO Ⅱ with ONFH. A: X-ray image was photoed at March 2012 without collapse; B: The picture was followed up to June 2013 when collapse appeared, collapse located under the superior joint surface (arrow). Fig. 2 On T1WI, using measurement tools, draw the outline of the necrosis area of femoral head along the low signal band, and receive the necrosis area of each quadrant within all layers automatically. Fig. 3 Joint effusion classification. A: Right hip is levelⅠand left hip is level Ⅱ; B: Right hip is level 0, left hip is level Ⅲ.Fig. 4 There is no bone marrow edema in the upper of right femur, but the left femur bone marrow edema is obvious. Fig. 5 Necrotic morphology: the right hip is the peripheral necrosis (long arrow), the left one is the central necrosis (short arrow).
MRI以軟組織分辨率高和多方位成像,以及對(duì)其的定量測(cè)量等優(yōu)勢(shì),可綜合評(píng)估股骨頭壞死的嚴(yán)重程度,并在分析其是否有塌陷的可能性方面具有重要參考價(jià)值。Logistic回歸數(shù)據(jù)顯示,股骨頭塌陷MRI征象中的危險(xiǎn)因素分別為ARCOⅡ期、周圍型壞死和骨髓水腫。
顯而易見(jiàn)的是,ARCO分期本身即是股骨頭壞死演變過(guò)程的直觀描述,所以對(duì)股骨頭的塌陷有積極的貢獻(xiàn)作用。本研究中ARCOⅠ期股骨頭的塌陷比率為6.67%(2/30),而ARCOⅡ期為63.04%(29/46),組織病理學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),后者壞死股骨頭中發(fā)生以壞死骨吸收、新生骨形成等修復(fù)反應(yīng),相較前期,股骨頭的穩(wěn)定性明顯下降,患者發(fā)生股骨頭塌陷的幾率隨之增加,所以ARCOⅡ期患者應(yīng)警惕和預(yù)防股骨頭塌陷的發(fā)生。
表3 股骨頭塌陷的Logistic回歸分析Tab.3 Logistic regression analysis of the femoral head collapse
表4 股骨頭塌陷3種危險(xiǎn)因素定量指標(biāo)ROC曲線分析Tab.4 ROC curve analysis of three kinds of risk factors of femoral head collapse quantitative indicators
圖6 總壞死體積百分比、ASL象限壞死體積百分比、PSL象限壞死體積百分比的ROC曲線Fig. 6 ROC curve of V, ASL and PSL
本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),MRI上股骨頭壞死形態(tài)與其塌陷密切相關(guān),在中央型股骨頭壞死47髖中僅7髖發(fā)生塌陷(14.89%),而周圍型股骨頭壞死的29髖中24髖發(fā)生塌陷(82.76%),與相關(guān)的研究報(bào)道結(jié)果一致,與股骨頭的生物力學(xué)特點(diǎn)有關(guān)[16-18],股骨頭壞死必然造成骨小梁結(jié)構(gòu)破壞及紊亂,正常的應(yīng)力分布被打破,形成以壞死組織與正常結(jié)構(gòu)交界面的應(yīng)力集中,尤其發(fā)生在關(guān)節(jié)面下的應(yīng)力集中往往會(huì)引起塌陷。
MRI上出現(xiàn)骨髓水腫也是影響股骨頭塌陷的危險(xiǎn)因素。本組股骨頭壞死伴有骨髓腔水腫發(fā)生塌陷的比率為75.76%(25/33),無(wú)骨髓水腫者發(fā)生率僅為13.95%(6/43)。其機(jī)理與股骨頭壞死后應(yīng)力集中引起的繼發(fā)性應(yīng)力損傷有關(guān),病理上可顯示一過(guò)性骨質(zhì)疏松和骨小梁微骨折,從而加重股骨頭壞死塌陷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[20-21]。
雖說(shuō)前述股骨頭壞死的MRI征象在一定程度上顯示出引起塌陷的某些生物學(xué)行為,但股骨頭壞死部位及程度和量化評(píng)估也是重要的因素。研究表明[22],壞死病灶較大且延伸至關(guān)節(jié)軟骨下承重區(qū)者,無(wú)論治療與否,股骨頭壞死均可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)展或出現(xiàn)塌陷。研究中通過(guò)Malizos等[7]采用的定量評(píng)估股骨頭壞死體積的方法取得了較理想的結(jié)果,即股骨頭ASL與PSL象限以及總壞死體積百分比(%)對(duì)壞死塌陷的預(yù)測(cè)存在一定的參考價(jià)值,塌陷組與未塌陷組間的壞死體積百分比間差異具有明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001),說(shuō)明壞死體積越大、或發(fā)生在ASL和PSL象限的較大壞死均容易出現(xiàn)股骨頭壞死塌陷。
本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),總壞死體積百分比預(yù)測(cè)股骨頭塌陷最佳臨界值為19.51%,小于19.51%的34髖中僅有2髖發(fā)生塌陷;大于19.51%的42髖中有29髖發(fā)生塌陷,預(yù)測(cè)塌陷發(fā)生的比率為69.05%,如果結(jié)合ASL及PSL壞死體積比,其預(yù)測(cè)塌陷發(fā)生的比率為80.77%,其結(jié)果明顯高于前者,所以可以理解為綜合考慮3種指標(biāo)能提高預(yù)測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性。其中ASL和PSL構(gòu)成股骨頭負(fù)重區(qū)的外上部,其壞死體積百分比也在股骨頭塌陷發(fā)生中作出重要貢獻(xiàn),該結(jié)論與國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究結(jié)果基本一致[23-24]。
綜上所述,MRI征象和定量檢測(cè)在股骨頭壞死的評(píng)估方面具有重要的臨床價(jià)值。在各指標(biāo)中,ARCO分期、骨髓水腫、壞死形態(tài)、ASL與PSL象限壞死體積百分比(%)、總壞死體積百分比(%)是股骨頭壞死發(fā)生塌陷的危險(xiǎn)因素。但應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)MRI征象及定量檢測(cè)與臨床指標(biāo)的綜合性分析,任何單項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的評(píng)估價(jià)值均具有局限性;同時(shí)本組的樣本量還較小,分組不細(xì)致,治療因素等影響未充分考慮,將在后續(xù)研究中擴(kuò)大樣本量進(jìn)行深入探討。
[References]
[1] Lee GC, Steinberg ME. Are we evaluating osteonecrosis adequately?.Int Orthop, 2012, 36(12): 2433-2439.
[2] Kaste SC, Pei D, Cheng C, et al. Utility of early screening magnetic resonance imaging for extensive hip osteonecrosis in pediatric patients treated with glucocorticoids. J Clin Oncol, 2015, 33(6):610-615.
[3] Hu LB, Huang ZG, Wei HY, et al. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head:using CT, MRI and gross specimen to characterize the location,shape and size of the lesion. Br J Radiol, 2015, 88(1046): 20140508
[4] Ohzono K, Saito M, Takaoka K, et al. Natural history of nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1991,73(1): 68-72.
[5] Niimi R, Sudo A, Hasegawa M, et al. Course of avascular necrosis of femoral head without collapse of femoral head at first examination:minimum 8-year follow-up. Orthopedics, 2008, 31(8): 755-759.
[6] Zalavras CG, Lieberman JR. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head:evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2014, 22(7):455-464.
[7] Malizos KN, Siafakas MS, Fotiadis DI, et al. An MRI-based semiautomated volumetric quantification of hip osteonecrosis.Skeletal Radiol, 2001, 30(12): 686-693.
[8] Zhao DW, Hu YC. Chinese experts' consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adults. Orthop Surg, 2012, 4(3): 125-130.
[9] Gardenies JW. ARCO committee on terminology and staging report on the committee meeting at santiago de compostela. ARCO Newsl,1993, 5: 79-82.
[10] Aaron RK, Lennox D, Bunce GE, et al. The conservative treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a comparison of core decompression and pulsing electromagnetic fields. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1989, 249(249): 209-218.
[11] Nishii T, Sugano N, Ohzono K, et al. Progression and cessation of collapse in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Orthop Relat Res,2002, 400(400): 149-157.
[12] Mitchell DG, Rao V, Dalinka M, et al. MRI of joint fluid in the normal and ischemic hip. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1986, 146(6):1215-1218.
[13] Wei QS. Femoral head necrosis syndrome and TCM treatment indications of standardized study. Guangzhou: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 2012.魏秋實(shí). 股骨頭壞死證候?qū)W及中醫(yī)藥治療適應(yīng)癥的規(guī)范化研究.廣州: 廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué), 2012.
[14] Mont MA, Hungerford DS. Non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1995, 77(3): 459-474.
[15] Apostolos HK. Accuracy and limitations of diagnostic methods for avascular necrosis of the hip. Expert Opin Drug Discov, 2013, 7(2):179-187.
[16] Zhao DW. The biomechanical influences of cystic degeneration in different locations within femoral head. Chin J Orthop, 2005, 25(4):232-235.趙德偉. 股骨頭不同區(qū)域囊變對(duì)力學(xué)承載的影響. 中華骨科雜志,2005, 25(4): 232-235.
[17] Wei QS, He W. Applied research of finite element analysis within femoral head necrosis. Orthopaedic Journal of China, 2010, 17(19):1611-1614.魏秋實(shí), 何偉. 有限元分析在股骨頭壞死領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用研究. 中國(guó)矯形外科雜志, 2010, 18(19): 1611-1614.
[18] Yu T, Xie L, Chu F. A sclerotic rim provides mechanical support for the femoral head in osteonecrosis. Orthopedics, 2015, 38(5): 374-379.
[19] Fujioka M, Kubo T, Nakamura F, et al. Initial changes of nonartumatic osteonecrosis of femoarl head in fat suppression images:bone marrow edema was not found before the appearance of band patterns. Magn Reson Imaging, 2001, 19(7): 985-991.
[20] Ito H, Matsuno T, Minami A. Relationship between bone marrow edema and development of symptoms in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2006, 186(6):1761-1770.
[21] Kuo CH, Lin CL, Wang CJ, et al. Calculation of osteonecrotic volume using two-dimensional projections: comparison between the current volumetric measurement methods. Formosan Journal of Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2010, 1(1): 3-10.
[22] Sugano N, Atsumi T, Ohzono K, et al. The 2001 revised criteria for diagnosis, classification,and staging of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Sci, 2002, 7(5): 601-605.
[23] Min BW, Song KS, Cho CH, et al. Untreated asymptomatic hips in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2008, 466(5): 1087-1092.
[24] Sun W, Li ZR, Wang BL, et al. Relationship between preservation of the lateral pillar and collapse of the femoral head in patients witn osteonecrosis. Orthopedics, 2014, 37(1): 24-28.
Prediction of collapse with MRI signs and necrosis volume measurement for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head
ZHANG Meng-meng1,2, RU Xiao-shuang1,3, FAN Hong-yu1, ZHANG Qing1, WU Jianlin1*
1Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116011, China
2Department of Radiology, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing 100039, China
3Department of Radiology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
*Correspondence to: Wu JL, E-mail: cjr.wujianlin@vip.163.com
Objective:To investigate the clinical value of prediction of collapse in non-traumatic femoral head necrosis and based on the MRI signs and necrotic volume percentages.Materials and Methods:Fifty-six patients (76 hips) were diagnosed as non-traumatic femoral head necrosis without collapse at affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University since September 2010 to November 2012. The X-ray examination and MRI scan were performed at the first time examination and follow-up. According to the X-ray image to determine whether collapse or not, divided into collapse group(31 hips) and non-collapse group (45 hips). The bone marrow edema, joint effusion,location of necrotic lesions necrotic morphology and signal feature was analyzed in MRI of the first time examination, and the each quadrant volume and percentage of the femoral head necrosis was measured. ByLogisticregression analysis, the risk factors were concluded, and the sensitivity and specificity was determined by ROC curve(receiver operating characteristic curve).Results:There is no significant difference in routine T1 or T2 weighted imaging between the three group. The ADC values of bilateral midfrontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus cortex significantly increasedin groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ compared to groups Ⅲ (P<0.05). The duration of disease positively correlated with ADC values of the right midfrontal gyrus in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Conclusion:The accuracy of prediction of collapse in patients with femoral head necrosis can be effectively improved by using the MRI feature and the measurement of the necrotic volume.
Femur head necrosis; Magnetic resonance imaging; Collapse; Necrosis volume measurement
伍建林,E-mail:cjr.wujianlin@vip.163.com
2016-05-30
接受日期:2016-12-10
R445.2;R681.8
A
10.12015/issn.1674-8034.2017.04.011
張萌萌, 汝曉雙, 范鴻禹, 等. 基于MRI征象與壞死體積測(cè)量對(duì)非創(chuàng)傷性股骨頭壞死塌陷預(yù)測(cè)價(jià)值的初步研究. 磁共振成像, 2017, 8(4): 296-301.