竇萍
【摘要】 目的 研究嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷損傷控制性手術(shù)治療護(hù)理的體會(huì)。方法 58例嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷需要手術(shù)的患者, 隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和觀察組, 每組29例。對(duì)照組采用常規(guī)手術(shù)和護(hù)理方法對(duì)患者進(jìn)行治療, 觀察組采用損傷控制性手術(shù)并結(jié)合護(hù)理方法對(duì)患者進(jìn)行治療。術(shù)后對(duì)兩組患者的臨床治療效果以及并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況進(jìn)行觀察和對(duì)比。結(jié)果 經(jīng)過(guò)手術(shù)治療后, 觀察組的總有效率為93.10%, 明顯高于對(duì)照組的72.41%, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組患者的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率6.90%明顯低于對(duì)照組的27.59%, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 損傷控制性手術(shù)治療護(hù)理對(duì)于嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷的臨床效果顯著, 并發(fā)癥少, 適于臨床推廣。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷;損傷控制性手術(shù);護(hù)理體會(huì)
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.06.092
【Abstract】 Objective To study the nursing experience in injury controlled surgery in the treatment of severe abdominal trauma. Methods A total of 58 severe abdominal trauma patients required surgery were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 29 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional surgery and nursing method, and the observation group was treated with injury controlled surgery and nursing method. Observation and comparison were made on clinical treatment effect and occurrence of complications between the two groups. Results After surgical treatment, the observation group had obviously higher total effective rate as 93.10% than 72.41% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The observation group had obviously lower incidence of complications as 6.90% than 27.59% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Injury controlled surgery shows remarkable clinical effect for the treatment and nursing of severe abdominal trauma with less complications, and can be promoted in clinic.
【Key words】 Severe abdominal trauma; Injury controlled surgery; Nursing experience
嚴(yán)重性腹部創(chuàng)傷患者一般采用傳統(tǒng)手術(shù)方法治療, 但是此類手術(shù)方法治療的患者后期有較高的致死率[1]。隨著臨床方法的改善, 損傷控制性手術(shù)治療護(hù)理用于治療腹部創(chuàng)傷的例數(shù)也在逐年增多。具體報(bào)告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 本次參與研究的58例患者均為本院2016年11月~2017年3月行嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷手術(shù)治療的患者, 其中男32例, 女26例。隨機(jī)將患者分為對(duì)照組和觀察組, 每組29例。對(duì)照組患者年齡34~57歲, 平均年齡(38.0±6.3)歲。觀察組患者年齡32~56歲, 平均年齡(36.0±6.7)歲。兩組患者的一般資料比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05), 具有可比性。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①對(duì)手術(shù)后期的護(hù)理方法會(huì)產(chǎn)生身體不適者;②患者本身有其他的疾病影響本次研究需要測(cè)量的指標(biāo)。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①經(jīng)本院醫(yī)生進(jìn)行過(guò)嚴(yán)重腹部創(chuàng)傷手術(shù)的患者;②在閱讀知情書的情況下自愿參加研究并簽署知情書的患者。
1. 2 方法
1. 2. 1 對(duì)照組 采用常規(guī)手術(shù)和護(hù)理方法對(duì)患者進(jìn)行治療。
1. 2. 2 觀察組 采用損傷控制性手術(shù)并結(jié)合護(hù)理方法對(duì)患者進(jìn)行治療。損傷控制性手術(shù)治療護(hù)理的方法主要包括以下3個(gè)部分內(nèi)容。①手術(shù)前的準(zhǔn)備階段:醫(yī)院的護(hù)士應(yīng)該在患者體內(nèi)快速建立2條靜脈通路, 以達(dá)到能夠快速對(duì)患者進(jìn)行液體和藥物的補(bǔ)給。對(duì)有穿刺困難的患者, 應(yīng)該在其體內(nèi)建立中心的靜脈管, 以便患者能夠及時(shí)將呼吸系統(tǒng)的分泌物排出體外并適當(dāng)?shù)难a(bǔ)充氧氣。在前期的準(zhǔn)備階段, 也應(yīng)時(shí)刻觀察患者的血壓、尿量等生命的體征狀況。②第一階段手術(shù)后的復(fù)蘇時(shí)期:在這段時(shí)期, 本院的護(hù)士要給予患者充足的氧氣并時(shí)刻檢測(cè)患者的血壓等生命指標(biāo), 以便能夠及時(shí)維持患者生命體征的正常。保證患者病房的室溫維持在26~28℃[4]。在條件不允許時(shí), 可以適當(dāng)利用外部條件給患者進(jìn)行加熱。③腹部受損器官的手術(shù)修復(fù):在此期間, 護(hù)士應(yīng)該對(duì)進(jìn)行過(guò)多次手術(shù)的患者進(jìn)行及時(shí)的心理方面的指導(dǎo)以及講解手術(shù)后期的健康護(hù)理, 要讓患者充分了解到進(jìn)行必要手術(shù)的重要性, 并對(duì)患者的飲食加以注意。endprint