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英文版《射雕英雄傳》闖蕩西方江湖

2018-12-29 00:00:00周艷霞
瘋狂英語(yǔ)·讀寫(xiě)版 2018年9期

[精彩導(dǎo)讀]

《射雕英雄傳》是武俠小說(shuō)作家金庸先生的代表作之一。如今,其已經(jīng)被翻譯成英語(yǔ),在西方的文壇上闖蕩江湖。

未讀先知

fantasy n. 幻想

extraordinarily adv. 格外;非常;不尋常地

imaginary adj. 想象的

historical adj. 歷史的;有關(guān)歷史的

The worlds biggest kungfu fantasy writer, Jin Yong enjoys huge popularity in the Chinese?speaking world. In the west, however, his name is barely known because of cultural gap.

Now, for the first time, the beginning of his extraordinarily popular series, Legends of the Condor Heroes, has been translated into English for a mainstream readership. It is a task that has already defeated several translators, yet Anna Holmwood, 32, from Edinburgh has made it—or at least the first volume. Her British publisher, MacLehose Press, plans a 12?volume series, with Holmwoods first volume, A Hero Born, due to come out in February.

Set in China in 1200, A Hero Born tells of the empire of Song close to break down. Under attack from the Jurchen Jin Dynasty, the future of the entire Chinese population rests in the hands of a few lone martial arts masters. The novel was written under the pen name Jin Yong by Chinese journalist, Louis Cha. A founding editor of the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao, in the 1950s he put together a set of stories describing the progress of a young martial arts fighter during the Song Dynasty and serialised(連載)them. The plots were imaginary but the historical background was real.

They became the biggest Chinese publishing hit of the last century. Cha, who is now 93 and lives in seclusion(隱居), created a vast imaginary world over 15 novels, which were adapted to films, games, comics and television shows.

Buckman,Agent Peter Buckman bought the rights and sold them on to a British publisher after meeting Holmwood and discovering how little of the series was available in English. “Holmwood did a sample chapter of the first of Legends of the Condor Heroes books and I sent it out to various publishers. My old friend Christopher MacLehose specialises in translated masterpieces. He had discovered from a Chinese friend that Jin Yongs work has passed on the enthusiasm from one generation to the next,” he said.

Fellow translators are now being selected to help with the task, but the challenge facing all of them is to faithfully represent the kungfu moves along with the Chinese culture that runs through the plot. Even the fighting skill of the warrior (勇士) in A Hero Born, for instance, which is literally(字面地)translated as “the 18 palm attacks to defeat dragons”, in fact comes from a Taoist classic Zhou Yi, dating from thousands of years ago, and has a strong philosophical(哲學(xué)的)element in addition to movement.

“I hold that a lot of readers like a bit of a challenge as they go along,” said Holmwood, who now lives in Sweden, with her Taiwanese husband and son. “I dont explain everything, although I have written a very short passage to introduce some of the elements of the story.”

作為全球最知名的武俠小說(shuō)作家,金庸在華語(yǔ)世界享有很高的人氣。然而,由于文化的鴻溝,他的名字在西方幾乎不為人知。

現(xiàn)在,他深受歡迎的系列小說(shuō)的開(kāi)篇之作《射雕英雄傳》首次被譯成英語(yǔ),呈獻(xiàn)給西方主流讀者。這個(gè)任務(wù)已經(jīng)難倒了幾位譯者,而來(lái)自愛(ài)丁堡的32歲的郝玉青解決了這個(gè)難題,至少她譯出了第一卷。她的英國(guó)出版商麥克萊霍斯出版社計(jì)劃出版一部12卷的叢書(shū),將于2月出版郝玉青翻譯的第一卷《英雄出世》。

《英雄出世》以公元1200年的中國(guó)為背景,講述了宋朝走向衰亡的故事。面對(duì)女真金國(guó)的進(jìn)攻,中原全體大宋子民的未來(lái)都掌握在幾個(gè)修煉獨(dú)門(mén)絕技的武林高手手中。這本小說(shuō)出自以“金庸”為筆名的中國(guó)記者查良鏞筆下。20世紀(jì)50年代,創(chuàng)辦香港《明報(bào)》并擔(dān)任主編的金庸撰寫(xiě)故事在報(bào)上連載,故事描寫(xiě)了宋朝少年俠士練就絕世武功的過(guò)程,后將這些故事集結(jié)成冊(cè),出版了系列小說(shuō)。這些情節(jié)是虛構(gòu)的,可是歷史背景卻是真實(shí)的。

這些小說(shuō)成為20世紀(jì)中國(guó)出版界最受歡迎的作品。93歲的金庸如今隱居世外,他撰寫(xiě)的15部小說(shuō)創(chuàng)造了波瀾壯闊的虛幻世界,并由此改編成了多部電影、游戲、漫畫(huà)和電視劇。

版權(quán)經(jīng)紀(jì)人彼得·巴克曼在與郝玉青見(jiàn)面后,發(fā)現(xiàn)該系列小說(shuō)的英文譯本極少,于是買(mǎi)下小說(shuō)版權(quán)并賣(mài)給一家英國(guó)出版商。他說(shuō):“郝玉青試譯了《射雕英雄傳》系列第一卷的章節(jié),我把譯文寄給了多位出版商。我的老朋友克里斯托弗·麥克萊霍斯專(zhuān)門(mén)從事名著英譯本的出版,他從一位中國(guó)朋友那里得知,金庸小說(shuō)已經(jīng)讓一代又一代讀者為之癡迷?!?/p>

她也請(qǐng)來(lái)其他譯者幫助完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù),可是他們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是如何忠實(shí)地表現(xiàn)功夫動(dòng)作以及貫穿整個(gè)劇情的中國(guó)文化。比如說(shuō),《英雄出世》中郭靖的絕世武功按字面翻譯成“降龍十八掌”,實(shí)際上是源于幾千年前的道家經(jīng)典《周易》,除了武功招式以外,還蘊(yùn)含濃厚的哲學(xué)意味。

郝玉青和她的臺(tái)灣丈夫及兒子現(xiàn)僑居瑞典,她說(shuō):“我認(rèn)為,很多讀者在閱讀中喜歡些許挑戰(zhàn)。我沒(méi)有解釋所有的細(xì)節(jié),不過(guò)我寫(xiě)了篇很短的文章來(lái)介紹小說(shuō)的部分內(nèi)容?!?/p>

[巧筆妙記](méi)

for the first time 第一次

be set in 以……為背景

break down 瓦解;崩潰

put together 裝配;把……放在一起;加在一起

a set of 一套;一副

be adapted to 被改編為……

specialise in 專(zhuān)門(mén)從事……

pass on... to 把……傳遞給……

for instance 例如

date from 始于;追溯;可追溯到

in addition to 除了;除……外

作家簡(jiǎn)介

金庸,原名查良鏞,1924年3月10日生于浙江省海寧市,1948年移居香港。當(dāng)代著名武俠小說(shuō)作家、新聞學(xué)家、企業(yè)家、政治評(píng)論家、社會(huì)活動(dòng)家,“香港四大才子”之一。金庸的武俠小說(shuō)在題材的選擇、人物的塑造和社會(huì)時(shí)代風(fēng)貌的展現(xiàn)方面有鮮明特色,它們?cè)趧?chuàng)作技法上獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟,具有范式意義。金庸繼承了古典武俠小說(shuō)之精華,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了形式獨(dú)特、情節(jié)曲折、描寫(xiě)細(xì)膩且深具人性和豪情俠義的新派武俠小說(shuō)先河。

人物評(píng)價(jià)

金庸是一個(gè)成功的報(bào)業(yè)巨子,更是一個(gè)成功的武俠小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作家,將其定義為一代通俗文學(xué)大師是恰如其分的。既然稱(chēng)作通俗文學(xué)大師,還是有必要通過(guò)他的小說(shuō)進(jìn)行一番文學(xué)雅俗觀的論辯。(中國(guó)文學(xué)網(wǎng)評(píng))

金庸就像一個(gè)“黑洞”。把傳統(tǒng)發(fā)揮得淋漓盡致,任何人靠近他,就會(huì)化為烏有,根本沒(méi)法比。(黃易評(píng))

金庸的作品所表現(xiàn)的深厚意蘊(yùn)確非古龍、梁羽生所能及,他不僅是現(xiàn)代武俠小說(shuō)的集大成者,也是中國(guó)文學(xué)史上不可忽視的一代名家。(鳳凰網(wǎng)評(píng))

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