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呂國(guó)鋼與他的《絲路新語(yǔ)》

2019-08-23 05:29趙暢
文化交流 2019年8期
關(guān)鍵詞:新語(yǔ)輕紡城絲綢

趙暢

去紹興文理學(xué)院美術(shù)學(xué)院拜訪呂國(guó)鋼先生,是因?yàn)樗麆?chuàng)作的反映中國(guó)輕紡城的巨幅工筆畫(huà)作《絲路新語(yǔ)》已于6月底完成。

車(chē)至校區(qū)門(mén)口,與其聯(lián)系。很快,他便出現(xiàn)在我的視野里。遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去,還是那般模樣,一張典型的國(guó)字臉上依然留著濃黑的絡(luò)腮胡子,走路的步子不疾不徐。雙手緊握一起,細(xì)細(xì)打量,發(fā)覺(jué)歲月還是在這位畫(huà)家臉上鋪上了些許滄桑——畢竟,作為朋友,我們已經(jīng)多年未見(jiàn)了。

他的工作室在二樓,有近200平方米,乍一看多少有些雜亂,但如果聯(lián)想到這是畫(huà)家的工作室,一切也就顯得有些秩序和規(guī)范了。最吸引我眼球的,當(dāng)然就是長(zhǎng)條桌上那幅正在創(chuàng)作的巨幅工筆畫(huà)作《絲路新語(yǔ)》了。未等我落座,我們的話(huà)題就由此契入……

說(shuō)及《絲路新語(yǔ)》的創(chuàng)作,呂國(guó)鋼不免如數(shù)家珍、娓娓道來(lái)。他要通過(guò)畫(huà)作來(lái)承載古代絲綢之路曾經(jīng)的鼎盛與輝煌,來(lái)凸顯新時(shí)代賡續(xù)絲綢之路傳統(tǒng)而不斷開(kāi)拓升華的新氣象、新氣派、新魅力??吹贸觯瑢?duì)于這幅作品的創(chuàng)作,呂國(guó)鋼是充滿(mǎn)激情且信心滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的。

用巨幅工筆畫(huà)的表現(xiàn)手法反映中國(guó)絲綢城,《絲路新語(yǔ)》開(kāi)了先河。“作品如果能被大家認(rèn)可,最可能的原因是我的創(chuàng)作主題緊扣時(shí)代?!眳螄?guó)鋼不無(wú)謙虛地回應(yīng)我。其實(shí),除了上述原因,在我看來(lái),更為重要的還是因?yàn)樗哂姓嬲乃囆g(shù)底氣、創(chuàng)作實(shí)力。因?yàn)檫@些年來(lái),他先后有10多件作品獲得省級(jí)、全國(guó)級(jí)榮譽(yù),其中人物畫(huà)作品《清夏》《小鎮(zhèn)姑娘》分別入選第11屆、第12屆全國(guó)美展,《長(zhǎng)者》參加第7屆“西部大地情”全國(guó)美展……

是啊,紹興絲綢一直述說(shuō)著光榮與夢(mèng)想,是中國(guó)絲綢之路的發(fā)祥地之一。據(jù)《越絕書(shū)》《吳越春秋》等典籍記載,當(dāng)時(shí)越國(guó)的絲織品有帛、絲、紗轂等多種。隨著永嘉南渡和宋室南渡,大量移民的涌入亦刺激了越地的蠶桑與絲綢的發(fā)展。到唐代后期,“越羅”“繚綾”更是成為名動(dòng)朝野的品牌。越地絲綢也隨海上絲綢之路為域外所知。明清以降,越地的絲綢生產(chǎn)逐步形成區(qū)域性分工。中華人民共和國(guó)成立后,尤其是改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),紹興絲綢業(yè)獲得了空前的發(fā)展,重新成為浙江省最重要的絲綢生產(chǎn)基地之一。讓人們記憶猶新的是,1986年秉承篳路藍(lán)縷以啟山林傳統(tǒng)的紹興人,在柯橋創(chuàng)辦了中國(guó)輕紡城。經(jīng)過(guò)30多年奮斗,目前經(jīng)營(yíng)面料5萬(wàn)余種,日客流量20萬(wàn)人次,年成交額從1988年的0.76億元躍升到目前的800多億元。而今,中國(guó)輕紡城已是全球最大的輕紡批發(fā)市場(chǎng),被稱(chēng)為中國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的標(biāo)志,也當(dāng)仁不讓地成為“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)。

“作為一個(gè)紹興的畫(huà)家,拿起畫(huà)筆把自己所見(jiàn)所聞、所感所想真實(shí)地記錄下來(lái),我感到責(zé)無(wú)旁貸?!碑?huà)作接近完成,呂國(guó)鋼一邊展卷讓我欣賞,一邊款款向我介紹?!督z路新語(yǔ)》屬于大型主題性中國(guó)人物畫(huà),它以群像的方式,取廣角視野,全方位表現(xiàn)中國(guó)輕紡城市場(chǎng)火熱的交易場(chǎng)景。畫(huà)面人物有70個(gè)之多,其身份涉及絲綢、紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的從業(yè)者,主角為當(dāng)下的中國(guó)人和行走在21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的各國(guó)旅客、商人。

眾所周知,主題性繪畫(huà)的一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)就是將繪畫(huà)的觸角直接指向社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),直面人生、正視歷史,追求真善美。因此,創(chuàng)作此類(lèi)作品,不僅要有能觸動(dòng)其心靈的社會(huì)事件,也需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作者本身具有豐富的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。將畫(huà)作冠以“新語(yǔ)”之名,這是因?yàn)樾聲r(shí)代跟古絲綢之路在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、交易方式上都不盡相同,包括交易的內(nèi)容如今也已由絲綢而漸漸延伸擴(kuò)大到其他面料的紡織品,何況,目的也有差異,如今出除了商業(yè)上的交往,還有基于傳達(dá)文化、加強(qiáng)交流、合作共贏的考量。

確定創(chuàng)作內(nèi)容后,呂國(guó)鋼并沒(méi)有停止完善立意、積累題材、精心構(gòu)思的腳步。這兩年多來(lái),他是在邊積累邊構(gòu)思的交互中推進(jìn)創(chuàng)作的。他先后多次完成了草稿創(chuàng)作,并將每一次的草稿創(chuàng)作作為了向“完美”逼近的階梯。上海每年都有春季、秋季“中國(guó)國(guó)際紡織面料、家用紡織品及輔料博覽會(huì)”,于是,他就成了博覽會(huì)的必到客。他不僅像商人一樣跟人家去談,去深入了解交易的情況,而且也像攝影家那樣去選取不同的角度拍攝,有時(shí)更是拿起鉛筆速寫(xiě)一個(gè)個(gè)觸動(dòng)人心的場(chǎng)景、細(xì)節(jié)。柯橋有一個(gè)“新絲路模特大賽”,已經(jīng)舉辦了好幾年,他也前往參觀。模特穿著近似絲綢的棉質(zhì)印花面料制成的服飾,通過(guò)T型舞臺(tái)流溢出五光十色的美,他分明覺(jué)得這就是走向世界的美,這就是中國(guó)的影響力。

于是想及,在《絲路新語(yǔ)》中就有一組人物以“頂天立地”的方陣張揚(yáng)著中國(guó)絲綢的特有魅力,蓋源于柯橋“新絲路模特大賽”的啟迪。除了模特走秀,畫(huà)面中還有貿(mào)易洽談的場(chǎng)景。呂國(guó)鋼告訴我:“這是兩個(gè)時(shí)空,為了防止由此削弱畫(huà)面的美感,就必須盡力打破這一相對(duì)孤寂的時(shí)空感。幾經(jīng)反復(fù)比較,采用了十字形的構(gòu)圖設(shè)想。十字形構(gòu)圖可以充分調(diào)動(dòng)畫(huà)面中的各個(gè)人物,并進(jìn)行巧妙的穿插?!Q的是模特走秀的場(chǎng)面,運(yùn)用旋轉(zhuǎn)式、S形的構(gòu)圖。因模特只有10多個(gè)人,人物就要畫(huà)得大一點(diǎn),以提升場(chǎng)面的視覺(jué)沖擊力;‘橫的則是貿(mào)易場(chǎng)景,有五六十人,所以人物就小一點(diǎn)。自我感覺(jué),這幅畫(huà)打破了固定的時(shí)間、空間連接的場(chǎng)景,給人一種立體式的大場(chǎng)面敘事方式?!惫P者對(duì)此深以為然。因?yàn)榇蟪叽绲漠?huà)作,最怕的就是平鋪直敘,筆筆都安穩(wěn),筆筆都沒(méi)有毛病,這種平穩(wěn)是可怕的魔怔。好畫(huà)必須有跳脫畫(huà)面的畫(huà)眼——突破常規(guī),化平常為奇崛。也恰恰是這種舒張與酣暢,無(wú)羈的放浪,才能撥動(dòng)欣賞者的興奮點(diǎn)。呂國(guó)鋼正是憑著上述的特殊構(gòu)圖方式,將那些看似無(wú)關(guān)的獨(dú)立的片段,深深鑲嵌進(jìn)牽魂奪魄的藝術(shù)邏輯內(nèi)。細(xì)細(xì)觀瞻,其“大取其形,小取其神;遠(yuǎn)取其勢(shì),近取其質(zhì)”,乍看似工筆,其實(shí)卻是兼工帶寫(xiě)的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作特點(diǎn),的確得到了最為充沛的表達(dá)。

而更讓呂國(guó)鋼感到欣慰的是,這些場(chǎng)景都是從現(xiàn)場(chǎng)參觀考察獲得的,包括其中涉及到的56個(gè)人物,都可以從生活中找到原型,因而其更好地呈現(xiàn)了藝術(shù)的真實(shí)性和感染力?!拔蚁嘈胚@是一個(gè)生動(dòng)的紀(jì)實(shí)的畫(huà)面,也是一個(gè)抒情的歷史篇章。難怪在創(chuàng)作這幅畫(huà)的過(guò)程中,自己內(nèi)心時(shí)常涌起作為炎黃子孫的自豪感?!眳螄?guó)鋼的臉上綻出了會(huì)心的笑。

呂國(guó)鋼有理由高興,有理由為自己鼓掌。這兩年中,除了完成正常的教學(xué)任務(wù),他幾乎將自己的業(yè)余時(shí)間都投入到了這幅畫(huà)作的創(chuàng)作中。創(chuàng)作室里的燈光可以為他作證:想畫(huà)而沒(méi)有靈感時(shí),他基本是冥思苦想;靈感來(lái)了,他就夜以繼日地創(chuàng)作。即便是節(jié)假日,創(chuàng)作室也是他唯一的目的地。不為別的,他只是為了在恰好的光影里,捕捉住藝術(shù)生命里的剎那芳華。

想起了大仲馬曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的一段話(huà):“當(dāng)你拼命想完成一件事的時(shí)候,你就不再是別人的對(duì)手,或者說(shuō)得更確切一些,別人就不再是你的對(duì)手了。不管是誰(shuí),只要下了這個(gè)決心,他就會(huì)立刻覺(jué)得增添了無(wú)窮的力量,而他的視野也隨之開(kāi)闊了。”對(duì)于呂國(guó)鋼,《絲路新語(yǔ)》是他藝術(shù)生涯中最大尺幅的創(chuàng)作,也是難度最大、最為辛苦或許也是最為成功的一次藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。有了這一次難忘的創(chuàng)作經(jīng)歷,他覺(jué)得自己才真正懂得了先前不曾悟徹的諸多藝術(shù)真諦,比如什么叫真正的責(zé)任擔(dān)當(dāng),比如怎樣的生活積累才利于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作,比如創(chuàng)新探索如何突出重圍來(lái)表達(dá)自我個(gè)性,比如積淀文化修養(yǎng)主要的依靠路徑有哪些,等等。我想,這些感悟是他的一番大實(shí)話(huà)。自然,我也更有理由期待他創(chuàng)作出更多更好的藝術(shù)作品。

Stories?of?Silk?Road?Retold

A?Chat?with?Shaoxing-based?Artist?Lyu?Guogang

By?Zhao?Chang

Lyu?Guogang,?a?Shaoxing-based?artist?currently?teaching?at?Shaoxing?University,?came?into?view?when?my?car?was?pulling?over?at?the?entrance?to?the?campus.?We?have?been?friends?for?many?years,?but?havent?met?for?quite?a?while.

Seated?in?his?studio?on?the?second?floor?of?the?building,?I?couldnt?wait?to?start?our?chat?regarding?the?artists?new?painting,?titled?Stories?of?Silk?Road?Retold,?which?has?receiving?support?from?China?National?Art?Fund?since?August?2016.

The?finished?painting?spread?out?on?a?long?table?instantly?caught?my?eye.?“It?makes?me?feel?good?and?lucky?to?be?chosen?by?the?national?art?fund.?It?is?also?a?reminder?of?my?responsibility?as?an?artist.”?The?theme?of?Lyus?artwork?embraces?Chinas?“Belt-and-Road”?initiative.?Born?in?1973,?he?has?been?working?as?an?art?teacher?at?his?alma?mater?since?his?graduation?in?1995.?He?has?won?more?than?ten?top?honors?at?the?most?prestigious?national?and?provincial?art?exhibitions.

The?unassuming?man?is?fascinating?to?talk?to.?“What?I?want?to?achieve?through?this?project?is?to?display?the?glory?of?the?Silk?Road?at?its?apex?in?ancient?China?and?to?express?the?Silk?Road?spirituality?sublimated?into?a?new?form?of?glamour?in?the?social?and?economic?climate?of?todays?world.?So?it?is?essentially?reinterpretation?of?my?understanding?of?the?Silk?Road,”?explained?the?artist.

Lyus?fascination?with?the?Silk?Road?is?straightforward.?He?is?a?native?of?Shaoxing.?A?city?of?history?and?culture?in?eastern?Zhejiang,?Shaoxing?has?been?a?proud?seedbed?of?Chinas?silk?glory,?and?is?one?of?the?birthplaces?of?the?Silk?Road.?Shaoxing?is.?The?reputation?of?silk?produced?in?Shaoxing?reached?its?peak?during?the?later?years?of?the?Tang?Dynasty?(618-907),?and?harnessed?a?hard-core?following?overseas.?Present-day?Shaoxing?is?still?a?silk?production?powerhouse?in?Zhejiang?Province,?with?Keqiao?serving?as?the?worlds?largest?textile?wholesale?market.

“It?is?my?responsibility?as?an?artist?from?Shaoxing?to?record?what?I?see?and?feel?through?my?paintbrushes,”?Lyu?Guogang?said,?spreading?the?scroll?for?me?to?see?the?details?of?his?new?work.?Falling?into?the?figure?painting?category?and?using?a?wide-angle?perspective?and?depicting?a?group?of?70?characters,?Stories?of?Silk?Road?Retold?strives?to?portray?the?hustle-and-bustle?scene?of?traders?and?tourists?at?the?Keqiao?Textile?Market.?The?message?is?the?Silk?Road?being?revisited?by?merchants?and?tourists?from?all?over?the?globe?in?the?21st?Century.

Lyu?is?happy?to?talk?about?the?realism?of?the?project?he?just?finished?in?June?2019.?For?the?past?few?years,?he?has?been?closely?observing?the?textile?market?in?Shaoxing?for?as?much?inspiration?as?possible,?noticing?that?the?fine?fabric?invented?by?ancient?Chinese?people?has?not?only?blossomed?into?a?flourishing?industry?that?has?been?branching?out?and?making?a?great?variety?of?other?textile?materials?but?also?continuously?enriched?the?trading?and?cultural?communication.

Over?the?past?three?years?since?his?project?was?officially?approved,?the?artist?has?never?stopped?thinking?regarding?the?motif?and?presentation?of?the?painting.?“Perfection”?is?what?he?aims?at.?The?past?years?has?seen?the?artist?appear?at?every?INTERTEXTILE?fair?held?biannually?in?Shanghai.?He?has?also?been?a?frequenter?at?the?annual?New?Silk?Road?Model?Contest?held?in?Keqiao,?taking?every?opportunity?to?sketch?the?moments?that?touched?him.?“The?rising?power?of?China?and?its?open-up?vision?became?tangible?when?I?was?watching?the?glitzy?light?and?color?flowing?on?the?runway,”?remarked?Lyu?Guogang.

As?I?was?surveying?the?scroll,?I?noticed?how?the?man?was?inspired?by?what?he?saw?at?the?model?contest.

“The?‘十?composition?of?the?work?sets?off?the?incompatibility?of?the?models?on?the?runway?and?the?busy?trading?scene?at?the?Keqiao?textile?market.?Such?composition?also?allows?for?maximized?narrative?freedom?when?it?comes?to?the?layout?of?different?characters?and?thematic?scenes.?The?last?thing?I?want?to?see?in?this?project?is?‘impeccable?boredom,?the?kind?of?correctness?that?reflects?the?artists?lack?of?imagination?and?innovation.?The?key?is?to?figure?out?a?new?way?of?composition,?and?to?find?the?‘eye?of?the?work.”

“All?the?56?characters?portrayed?in?the?in?the?trade?section?come?from?real?life,”?the?artist?announced?proudly.?“It?is?like?a?documentary?that?records?a?historical?chapter?in?a?lyrical?way.?Every?time?when?I?worked?on?it,?I?felt?proud?to?be?a?Chinese.”

Lyu?Guogang?surely?has?many?reasons?to?feel?happy?and?proud.?For?the?past?two?years,?he?devoted?almost?all?his?free?time?to?the?project.?Stories?of?Silk?Road?Retold?is?by?far?the?largest,?the?most?demanding,?and?probably?the?most?successful?creation?in?his?artistic?life.?“For?me,?it?is?an?unforgettable?experience?that?has?opened?my?eyes?to?the?truth?of?painting?art,?making?me?understand?what?it?really?takes?to?make?an?artist.”

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穩(wěn)中求進(jìn),中國(guó)輕紡城一季度實(shí)現(xiàn)“開(kāi)門(mén)紅”
遙望“絲綢路”
路上絲綢
賀年新語(yǔ)
新語(yǔ)初綻
紡織新生態(tài)系統(tǒng)正在形成——訪全球紡織網(wǎng)、網(wǎng)上輕紡城CEO韓沖
解讀習(xí)近平兩會(huì)新語(yǔ)之“語(yǔ)”
輕紡城建管委APP和手機(jī)站正式上線
絲綢情調(diào)
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