胡發(fā)高
話題概述
體育與運動是人們?nèi)粘I畹闹匾M成部分。經(jīng)常參加運動能增強體質(zhì),提高應(yīng)變能力,很好地適應(yīng)各種環(huán)境。
在中考書面表達題中,“體育與運動”是一個常考的話題。該話題的寫作類型通常以說明文和記敘文為主。行文時我們可以通過擺事實、講道理闡明體育與運動對人體的益處,也可以通過列舉事例來記錄活動的過程等。
佳作賞評
The three?week winter holiday ended yesterday. During the holiday we spent the traditional festival—the Spring Festival. We enjoyed the time of saying goodbye to the old year and welcoming the new year. However, as for me, I never stopped enjoying the time of doing sports ①while I was celebrating the Spring Festival.
I kept on doing sports from the very beginning of the holiday. Every day, ②I spent about two hours in running and swimming. After getting up in the morning, I put on my sports shoes and then went to run outside in the cold air. I ran along the road by the small lake near my house for about forty?five minutes. After I finished running, I began to walk home, ③stretching my arms while walking. I went to run every morning, ④whether it rained or snowed. At two in the afternoon, I rode my bike to the city swimming pool. ⑤It took me about twenty minutes to get there. After I arrived, I had a short rest in the room beside the pool. A few minutes later, I put on my swimsuit and sat on the side of the pool. It was winter, and you can imagine how cold the water was and how much courage one must have. I stuck my right hand into the water and then put it on my chest. And then I did it so several times. When I felt my chest was a little cold, I jumped into the water and began to swim. ⑥I kept on swimming for about twenty minutes until I felt a little tired. I stuck to doing so every day during the whole holiday.
Doing sports every day during the winter holiday has brought me great benefits. Thanks to it, now ⑦Im stronger and health?
ier than before. And I have also strengthened my courage and perseverance.
【權(quán)威點評】
這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己在寒假時進行體育運動的經(jīng)歷和感受。
文章首先介紹人們辭舊迎新、歡度春節(jié)的情景。然后筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn),以“歡度佳節(jié)的同時亦要進行體育運動”來引出下文(敘述鍛煉的時間及運動帶來的好處)。
行文中,作者在盡量使用簡單句和并列句的同時,又巧妙地運用了一些高級詞匯、固定詞組及高級句型。例如:
①while I was celebrating the Spring Festival (表示與另一動作同時發(fā)生的時間狀語從句)
②I spent about two hours in running and swimming (表示“花時間做某事”的結(jié)構(gòu))
③stretching my arms while walking (現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語)
④whether it rained or snowed (表示“無論是……還是……”的讓步狀語從句)
⑤It took me about twenty minutes to get there (表示“做某事花了多長時間”的句型)
⑥I kept on swimming for about twenty minutes until I felt a little tired (表示“不停地做某事,直到……”的句型)
⑦Im stronger and healthier than before (比較級句型)
另外,say goodbye to、as for、do sports、keep on、from the very beginning of、put on、stick to和thanks to等經(jīng)典短語的運用,提升了文章的檔次。
寫作指導(dǎo)
1.主體時態(tài)
體育與運動話題的英語作文,其時態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)文體而定。說明文通常用一般現(xiàn)在時,記敘文常用與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。
2.高頻詞語
sports運動、do / play sports做運動、exercise鍛煉、do morning exercises做早操、walk散步、swim游泳、skate滑冰、climb the hill爬山、hiking遠足、ride a bike騎自行車、play football踢足球、play basketball打籃球、high jump跳高、long jump跳遠、health健康、healthy健康的、benefit益處、strong強壯的、strength力量、P.E. classes體育課、sports news體育新聞、be good for對……有好處、in the gym在體育館里
3.典型句型
①There is a famous saying“Life lies in exercise”. 名言道:“生命在于運動?!?/p>
②Sports are very good / important for... 運動對……很好(重要)。
③We should realize the importance of doing sports. 我們應(yīng)該認識到運動的重要性。
④I spend... hours exercising every day.我每天花……小時鍛煉身體。
⑤We take part in sports every day. 我們每天都參加體育運動。
⑥... favorite sport is playing basketball. ……最喜歡的運動是打籃球。
⑦Doing sports can keep us healthy.運動可以使我們保持健康。
⑧We can relax ourselves by doing outside sports. 我們可以通過戶外運動來放松自己。
⑨We only have P.E. classes twice a week. 我們每周只上兩節(jié)體育課。
例題解析
假設(shè)你班被評為“體育活動先進班級”。你是班長,準(zhǔn)備按校長要求寫篇發(fā)言稿在大會上介紹你班開展體育活動的情況。要點如下:
[時間 男生 女生 早晨 做早操;跑步 做早操;跑步 下午放學(xué)后 打籃球或排球 打排球或棒球 周末 踢足球或打乒乓球 打乒乓球或羽毛球 ]
注意:
1.詞數(shù):100左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù))。
2.可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Good morning, everyone! Im Li Hua, the monitor of Class Three, Grade Nine.
Thats all. Thank you.
【寫作提示】
1.審題立意
這是一篇班長介紹本班學(xué)生參加體育活動的情況的講話稿,以介紹大家在不同時間段參加的不同體育活動項目為主。
2.要點補充
我們需補充學(xué)生積極參加體育活動的原因和未來的打算等內(nèi)容,但補充點只需一筆帶過。
3.謀篇布局
本文可以分為四段。首段點明主題,介紹本班學(xué)生開展體育活動的情況;第二段具體介紹學(xué)生在不同時間段參加的不同體育活動項目;第三段補充學(xué)生積極參加體育活動的原因和未來的打算。第四段為結(jié)束語(已給出)。
4.參考詞匯
可以使用take an active part in、whether boys or girls、enjoy playing sports、stick to playing sports、keep us healthy and happy等。
5.語句表達
首段可以在所給的語句后,以“Im going to say something about...”作為主題句來點明本文的話題,about后可接由how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第二段可運用“合并同類項”和“分類表述”的手法?!白鲈绮佟焙汀芭懿健笔悄?、女生同時參加的活動,因此可表達為“In the morning, all of us do morning exercises... And after that, we run...”。其他時段男、女生參加的活動項目有所不同,因此這些內(nèi)容須分項表述。
第三段可用because引導(dǎo)的狀語從句來表述學(xué)生積極參加體育活動的原因,并用一句話表述未來的打算。
6.時態(tài)運用
介紹本班學(xué)生在不同時間段參加的不同體育活動項目及其參加體育活動的原因時,用一般現(xiàn)在時;表述未來的打算時,要用一般將來時。
Good morning, everyone!Im Li Hua, the monitor of Class Three, Grade Nine.
Thats all. Thank you.
(答案見第64頁)