馮欣 許忠波 葉琳
[摘要] 目的 meta分析及試驗序貫分析評價內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1治療妊娠劇吐的效果。 方法 對PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中國生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻數(shù)據(jù)庫、中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫、萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫、維普全文數(shù)據(jù)庫進行檢索。檢索時間均為建庫至2019年10月,檢索策略為研究對象(P)+干預(yù)措施(I)+研究設(shè)計(S),主題詞、自由詞相結(jié)合。文獻由2名通過培訓(xùn)的研究人員按照納入和排除標準進行篩選。觀察并記錄文獻基本特征及發(fā)表偏倚,采用RevMan5.3 軟件及 Stata12.0 軟件進行meta分析及試驗序貫分析。 結(jié)果 共納入12篇文獻,研究對象1247例。meta分析結(jié)果顯示,試驗組治療妊娠劇吐有效率高于對照組,差異有高度統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(OR = 9.21,95%CI:4.87~17.43,P < 0.01)。試驗序貫分析進一步肯定內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1的治療效果。 結(jié)論 內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1治療妊娠劇吐止吐效果更明顯,操作簡單,但因本文的研究限制可能對結(jié)果產(chǎn)生偏倚,在臨床推廣應(yīng)用時也需謹慎。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 內(nèi)關(guān)穴;維生素B1;妊娠劇吐;meta分析;序貫分析
[中圖分類號] R246? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210(2020)03(c)-0087-05
[Abstract] Objective To study the efficacy of vitamin B1 injection at nèigu?觀n point (P6) for hyperemesis gravidarum was evaluated by meta-analysis and sequential analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CMB, CNKI, WanFang and VIP datebases were searched. The retrieval time was from the database establishment to October 2019. The retrieval strategy was research object (P) + intervention measures (I) + research design (S), with the combination of subject words and free words. The literature was screened by 2 trained researchers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The basic characteristics and publication deviation of the literature were observed and recorded. The meta-analysis and sequential analysis of the experiment were carried out with RevMan 5.3 software and Stata12.0 software. Results A total of 12 articles and 1247 cases were included. Meta-analysis showed that effective rate of hyperemesis gravidarum in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was highly statistically significant (OR = 9.21,95%CI:4.87-17.43,P < 0.01). The effect of injection of vitamin B1 in nèigu?觀n point (P6) was confirmed by sequential-analysis. Conclusion Injection of vitamin B1 into nèigu?觀n point (P6) has a more obvious effect on the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum and is easy to operate. However, due to the limitation of this study, the results may be biased, so it is necessary to be cautious in clinical application.
[Key words] Nèigu?觀n point (P6); Vitamin B1; Hyperemesis gravidarum; Meta-analysis; Sequence analysis
妊娠劇吐是指妊娠早孕反應(yīng)嚴重,頻繁惡心嘔吐、不能進食,以致發(fā)生體液失衡甚至終止妊娠、威脅孕婦生命,其臨床發(fā)生率為0.3%~3.0%[1]。祖國醫(yī)學(xué)將“妊娠劇吐”稱之為“妊娠惡阻”,發(fā)生主要機理為沖氣上逆,胃失和降[2]。維生素B1可抑制膽堿酯酶對乙酰膽堿的水解,乙酰膽堿可促進腸蠕動,當缺乏維生素B1時腸蠕動緩慢,腺體分泌減少,食欲減退,進而產(chǎn)生嘔吐。內(nèi)關(guān)為八脈交匯穴之一,主治胃痛、呃逆、惡心、嘔吐[3]。臨床發(fā)現(xiàn),內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1,即可刺激和疏通經(jīng)絡(luò)、運行氣血,又可補充體內(nèi)缺乏的維生素B1,同時調(diào)節(jié)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和消化功能,對妊娠劇吐有一定的治療作用。內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1治療妊娠劇吐與西醫(yī)常規(guī)治療或肌肉注射維生素B1治療之間雖有顯著性差異,但也存在局限和質(zhì)疑,導(dǎo)致結(jié)論可信度不高,且沒有高質(zhì)量的循證醫(yī)學(xué)研究。因此,本文對內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1治療妊娠劇吐進行系統(tǒng)性評價,尋找其臨床實踐決策的最佳證據(jù)。
綜上所述,內(nèi)關(guān)穴注射維生素B1治療妊娠劇吐止吐效果更明顯,操作簡單,但因本文的研究限制可能對結(jié)果產(chǎn)生偏倚,在臨床推廣應(yīng)用時也需謹慎。另外,針刺本身可能對孕婦產(chǎn)生一定的刺激作用而產(chǎn)生不良反應(yīng),可在實施前做刺激敏感度篩查或告知,進一步完善臨床研究。
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(收稿日期:2019-11-09? 本文編輯:劉明玉)