謝孟橋 周淵澄 黃惠英 胡佳
【摘 要】: 目的:探究早期帕金森患者嗅覺減退與認(rèn)知障礙的相關(guān)性。方法:共納入32例帕金森病患者及22例健康志愿者,采集參與者的一般信息,使用簡短精神狀態(tài)量表(MMSE)及蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估量表(MoCA)對(duì)參與者進(jìn)行認(rèn)知功能的評(píng)價(jià),使用康乃狄克化學(xué)感覺臨床研究中心嗅功能檢查法(connecticut chemosensory clinical research center,CCCRC)對(duì)參與者的嗅覺功能進(jìn)行評(píng)估,然后對(duì)采集的一般信息及量表評(píng)分進(jìn)行SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果:PD組的MMSE得分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p<0.05);MoCA得分低于對(duì)照組,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);PD組的CCCRC識(shí)別分及閾值分均低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);PD組的MoCA與CCCRC閾值呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系(r=0.45,p<0.05),MoCA與CCCRC識(shí)別分、MMSE與CCCRC閾值及識(shí)別分無明顯相關(guān)(P>0.05)。結(jié)論:早期帕金森病患者可能同時(shí)存在認(rèn)知及嗅覺功能的損害,且兩者嚴(yán)重程度有一定相關(guān)性。
【關(guān)鍵詞】:早期帕金森病;嗅覺減退;認(rèn)知功能
Abstract: Objective: to investigate the correlation between olfactory and cognitive impairment in early Parkinsons patients (PD).Methods: A total of 32 patients with Parkinsons disease and 22 healthy volunteers were included. Participants ‘general information was collected, and their cognitive function were assessed using the Short Mental State Scale (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), participants olfactory function was evaluated using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC), and then all the information and the scores of the scales were statistically analyzed by SPSS.Results: The MMSE score of the PD group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05); the MoCA score was lower than the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05); The CCCRC identification score and threshold score of the PD group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05); MoCA and CCCRC threshold of the PD group were positively correlated (r = 0.45, p <0.05), and MoCA and CCCRC score, MMSE and CCCRC threshold and recognition score were not significantly related (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with early Parkinsons disease may have both cognitive and olfactory impairments, and their severity is related.
Keywords: early Parkinsons disease;olfactory impairments; cognitive impairment
【中圖分類號(hào)】R742.5【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A【文章編號(hào)】1672-3783(2020)08-24--01
帕金森病的臨床表現(xiàn)包括運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀與非運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀,而非運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀包括了嗅覺障礙、認(rèn)知障礙、便秘、抑郁等。目前已有研究表明,帕金森病的非運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀之間存在某些關(guān)聯(lián),尤其是嗅覺障礙,其出現(xiàn)時(shí)間早,并且廣泛發(fā)生于早期帕金森患者之中[1]。
嗅覺減退與認(rèn)知障礙均為帕金森病的非運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀。本研究擬評(píng)估早期帕金森患者嗅覺減退與認(rèn)知障礙的相關(guān)性,從而更加深入的了解早期帕金森病非運(yùn)動(dòng)癥狀之間的聯(lián)系,為疾病的早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早治療提供依據(jù),以便更好地識(shí)別和管理早期帕金森病的認(rèn)知障礙。
1 資料及方法:
1.1 病例收集 收集2018.6-2019.12于樂山市人民醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科住院部就診的帕金森病患者。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)符合帕金森病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn);(2)Hoehn&Yahr分級(jí)<3級(jí)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)腦血管、腦炎、外傷、多發(fā)性硬化、腫瘤、藥物等原因?qū)е碌呐两鹕C合征及疊加綜合征;(2)可能影響嗅覺的其他精神疾病,例如阿爾茨海默病、精神分裂癥、抑郁癥等;(3)有鼻腔或鼻竇疾病及其手術(shù)病史,2周內(nèi)有上呼吸道感染;(4)服用可能影響認(rèn)知功能的抗帕金森藥物;(5)不能配合相關(guān)檢查的對(duì)象。另選擇同期性別、年齡與PD組相匹配的健康家屬作為對(duì)照組。