鞏冬梅
【摘要】目的:探究家庭護(hù)理與臨終關(guān)懷在肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者中的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。方法:選取于本院診治的肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者48例,病患納入時(shí)間自2018年6月~2019年12月。隨機(jī)將其分組為對(duì)照組、研究組,均開(kāi)展常規(guī)護(hù)理,研究組同時(shí)開(kāi)展家庭護(hù)理、臨終關(guān)懷。對(duì)比兩組肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者的心理健康狀態(tài)、疼痛程度及生活質(zhì)量。結(jié)果:研究組患者SAS、SDS、VAS評(píng)分顯著低于對(duì)照組,QOL評(píng)分顯著高于對(duì)照組,P<0.05。結(jié)論:施行家庭護(hù)理、臨終關(guān)懷能有效改善肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者的心理健康、生活質(zhì)量,緩解其疼痛程度。
【關(guān)鍵詞】家庭護(hù)理;臨終關(guān)懷;肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌;護(hù)理質(zhì)量
【中圖分類號(hào)】R473.73 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A 【DOI】10.12332/j.issn.2095-6525.2021.04.072
【Abstract】Objective:To explore the application value of home care and hospice care in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:48patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma were selected from June2018to December2019in our hospital. They were randomly divided into control group and study group, all of them were given routine nursing care, while the study group was given family nursing and hospice care at the same time. The mental health status, pain degree and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results:the SAS,SDS, VAS scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the QOL score was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion: family nursing and hospice care can effectively improve the mental health and quality of life of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma and relieve their pain.
【Key words】home care;hospice care; lung squamous cell carcinoma;nursing quality
肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者因長(zhǎng)期化療或手術(shù)治療,身心承受著一定的壓力,致使部分患者選擇放棄治療。為提升肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌臨終患者的生活質(zhì)量,在患者出院后,可以家庭為中心開(kāi)展護(hù)理及關(guān)懷干預(yù)[1]。本次研究即分析家庭護(hù)理與臨終關(guān)懷在肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者中的應(yīng)用效果。
1 ?基線資料和方法
1.1基線資料
選取于本院診治的肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者48例,病患納入時(shí)間自2018年6月-2019年12月。隨機(jī)將納入的48例肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者分組,對(duì)照組24例患者中男13例、女11例,其年齡在63歲-82歲間,均值為(70.12±3.15)歲;研究組24例患者中男14例、女10例,其年齡在62歲-81歲間,均值為(70.11±3.13)歲。兩組肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者的資料數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)對(duì)比,可知無(wú)明顯差異(P>0.05)。
1.2方法
對(duì)照組:開(kāi)展常規(guī)護(hù)理,即指導(dǎo)患者調(diào)整飲食及作息習(xí)慣,關(guān)注病患體征及病情變化,定期進(jìn)行隨訪以及時(shí)答疑。
研究組:在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上開(kāi)展臨終關(guān)懷、家庭護(hù)理,即:(1)家庭護(hù)理?;颊叱鲈簳r(shí)為其建檔,詳細(xì)告知患者用藥方式、出院后注意事項(xiàng),每周入戶隨訪2次,并根據(jù)患者具體情況,指導(dǎo)患者如何調(diào)整日常生活行為習(xí)慣。(2)臨終關(guān)懷。①組建臨床關(guān)懷小組。由醫(yī)生、護(hù)士長(zhǎng)、責(zé)任護(hù)士組成臨終關(guān)懷小組,并由該小組進(jìn)行本次臨終關(guān)懷干預(yù)。②環(huán)境干預(yù)。確保病患居住環(huán)境舒適、整潔、衛(wèi)生,盡可能滿足患者需求。③癥狀控制。通過(guò)開(kāi)展?fàn)I養(yǎng)支持、疼痛干預(yù)、失眠治療、胃腸道癥狀控制等措施以有效控制患者疾病癥狀,確?;颊唧w征穩(wěn)定。④飲食干預(yù)?;诨颊唢嬍诚埠?,指導(dǎo)患者食用易吸收、富含維生素及蛋白質(zhì)的食物。⑤人文關(guān)懷。不斷鼓勵(lì)、安慰患者,并指導(dǎo)患者親友多陪伴、安撫患者,盡可能滿足患者的心理需求。⑥日常衛(wèi)生干預(yù)。定期輔助患者更換衣服、擦拭皮膚、行口腔清潔,在確?;颊邫C(jī)體衛(wèi)生的同時(shí)改善患者的舒適度。
1.3評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)
采用SAS、SDS量表評(píng)估兩組肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者的心理健康狀態(tài),SAS、SDS得分越高則焦慮、抑郁情況越嚴(yán)重;采取VAS評(píng)分法評(píng)估兩組患者的疼痛情況,VAS得分越高則疼痛程度越重;以QOL量表評(píng)估兩組患者的生活質(zhì)量情況,QOL得分越高則生活質(zhì)量越佳。
1.4數(shù)據(jù)處理
以SPSS22.0處理結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)量資料采用(x±s)表示,數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比行t檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05即差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 ?結(jié)果
研究組肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者SAS、SDS、VAS評(píng)分顯著低于對(duì)照組,QOL評(píng)分顯著高于對(duì)照組,P<0.05。具體見(jiàn)下表。
3 ?討論
肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌即肺鱗癌,臨床多采取化療、手術(shù)方式以延長(zhǎng)患者生存期,但因長(zhǎng)期治療所致機(jī)體損傷以及昂貴治療費(fèi)用,部分患者選擇放棄治療。為改善該類患者的生活質(zhì)量,在患者出院后開(kāi)展家庭護(hù)理及臨終關(guān)懷有積極意義[2]。
綜上,對(duì)肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者開(kāi)展家庭護(hù)理、臨終關(guān)懷能有效改善其心理健康、生活質(zhì)量,價(jià)值顯著。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]劉莉杰.家庭護(hù)理聯(lián)合臨終關(guān)懷在肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌中的護(hù)理效果觀察[J].實(shí)用臨床護(hù)理學(xué)電子雜志,2019,4(1):85,88.
[2]楊小梅.家庭護(hù)理聯(lián)合臨終關(guān)懷在肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌患者中的效果觀察[J].湖北科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2019,33(3):251-253.