国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

質子泵抑制劑審方規(guī)則專家共識

2022-04-27 06:20重慶市醫(yī)院協(xié)會藥事管理專業(yè)委員會
中國藥房 2022年8期
關鍵詞:質子泵抑制劑臨床應用

中圖分類號 R952;R975 文獻標志碼 A 文章編號 1001-0408(2022)08-0897-14

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.08.01

摘 要 為進一步規(guī)范質子泵抑制劑的臨床應用,為處方適宜性審核提供參考,重慶市醫(yī)院協(xié)會藥事管理專業(yè)委員根據(jù)國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳頒布的《質子泵抑制劑臨床使用指導原則》,發(fā)起“質子泵抑制劑審方規(guī)則制訂項目”。該項目由陸軍軍醫(yī)大學第一附屬醫(yī)院牽頭,聯(lián)合國內多家醫(yī)療機構的臨床專家、藥學專家和循證專家等,針對質子泵抑制劑的適應證、用法用量、特殊人群用藥及藥物相互作用等重點審核內容進行了研討,最終形成了本共識。共識的主要內容包括奧美拉唑、艾司奧美拉唑、泮托拉唑、雷貝拉唑、蘭索拉唑和艾普拉唑(均包括注射劑和口服制劑,按通用名計)的基礎審方規(guī)則,并在此基礎上針對基礎審方規(guī)則未涵蓋的部分臨床應用情形形成了12條審方推薦意見,以期為各級醫(yī)療機構提供參考。

關鍵詞 質子泵抑制劑;處方適宜性;審方規(guī)則;臨床應用;專家共識

Expert consensus on prescription review rules of proton pump inhibitors

Pharmaceutical Administration Committee of Chongqing Hospital Association

ABSTRACT ? In order to further standardize the clinical application of proton pump inhibitors and provide reference for prescription suitability review, under the guidance of Guiding Principles for Clinical Use of Proton Pump Inhibitor which was promulgated by the General Office of National Health Commission of the Peoples Republic of China, Pharmaceutical Admini- stration Committee of Chongqing Hospital Association initiates “the formulation Project on Prescription Review Rules for Proton Pump Inhibitors”. The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University takes the lead and cooperates with clinical experts, pharmaceutical experts and evidence-based experts from many domestic medical institutions to discuss the indications, usage and dosage, medication for special groups and drug interactions of proton pump inhibitors, and finally forms this consensus. The main contents of the consensus include the basic prescription review rules of omeprazole, esmeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, lansoprazole and iprazole (including injection and oral preparations, calculated by common name), and 12 prescription review recommendations for some clinical applications not covered on the basic prescription review rules, in order to provide reference for medical institutions at all levels.

KEYWORDS ? proton pump inhibitor; prescription suitability; prescription review rules; clinical application; expert consensus

質子泵抑制劑(proton pump inhibitors,PPIs),又稱胃氫-鉀泵(氫-鉀腺苷三磷酸酶)抑制劑,可通過抑制胃壁細胞上的氫-鉀腺苷三磷酸酶來阻斷由各種原因所致胃壁細胞泌酸的共同及最終環(huán)節(jié),進而強效而持久地抑制胃酸分泌。PPIs是目前抑酸作用最強的藥物之一,被廣泛用于消化性潰瘍、胃食管反流病、上消化道出血和卓-艾綜合征(又稱“胃泌素瘤”)等酸相關性疾病及應激性潰瘍的臨床治療和預防[1]。

近年來,PPIs的全球使用量不斷增長,超適應證、超劑量、超療程以及不當聯(lián)合使用的情況越來越多,大大增加了患者的用藥風險和經(jīng)濟負擔[2-4]。為進一步規(guī)范PPIs的臨床應用和促進合理用藥,國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳于2020年12月發(fā)布了《質子泵抑制劑臨床應用指導原則(2020年版)》(以下簡稱“《指導原則》”)[5],就PPIs的合理應用提出了規(guī)范性、原則性意見,為醫(yī)療機構形成統(tǒng)一明確的審方規(guī)則指明了方向。

為更好地執(zhí)行《指導原則》、使醫(yī)療機構PPIs處方的人工和/或信息化審核更具可操作性,重慶市醫(yī)院協(xié)會藥事管理專業(yè)委員會于2021年6月發(fā)起了“質子泵抑制劑審方規(guī)則制訂項目”。該項目由陸軍軍醫(yī)大學第一附屬醫(yī)院牽頭,聯(lián)合國內多家醫(yī)療機構的臨床專家、藥學專家和循證專家等,針對PPIs的適應證、用法用量、特殊人群用藥及藥物相互作用等重點審核內容進行了研討,最終形成如下共識:(1)基于藥品說明書和《指導原則》建立了奧美拉唑、艾司奧美拉唑、泮托拉唑、雷貝拉唑、蘭索拉唑和艾普拉唑(均包括注射劑和口服制劑,按通用名計)的基礎審方規(guī)則,并對超出審方規(guī)則的臨床應用情況約定了“禁用”“不推薦”“慎用”“關注”4個警示級別及對應干預措施。(2)針對基礎審方規(guī)則中未涵蓋的部分臨床應用情況,基于循證醫(yī)學證據(jù),形成了12條審方推薦意見。推薦意見的證據(jù)質量和推薦強度分級標準采用GRADE(grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation)法,其中證據(jù)質量分為“高”“中”“低”“極低”4個等級,分別用A、B、C、D表示(表1);推薦強度根據(jù)證據(jù)質量、利弊平衡、患者價值觀和意愿,以及資源消耗等因素綜合確定,分為“強推薦”“弱推薦”2個級別,分別用“1”“2”表示。

1 PPIs基礎審方規(guī)則、超出審方規(guī)則的警示級別及干預措施

本部分具體內容包括基礎審方規(guī)則、超出審方規(guī)則的警示級別及干預措施3部分。建立基礎審方規(guī)則的PPIs包括奧美拉唑、艾司奧美拉唑、泮托拉唑、雷貝拉唑、蘭索拉唑和艾普拉唑的注射劑和口服制劑,審方規(guī)則內容包括適應證、用法用量、特殊人群及特殊病理狀態(tài)用藥、禁忌、藥物相互作用等。對于超出“PPIs基礎審方規(guī)則”項下內容的臨床應用情況,本共識約定了4個警示級別,從高到低分別為“禁用”“不推薦”“慎用”“關注”,詳見表2。醫(yī)師開具處方后,由藥師或信息化審方系統(tǒng)審核處方。超出審方規(guī)則不同警示級別的處方對應不同的干預措施,詳見表3。各PPIs的基礎審方規(guī)則和超出審方規(guī)則的警示級別詳見表4~表15。

2 PPIs審方推薦意見

本部分針對“1”項下PPIs基礎審方規(guī)則中未涵蓋的部分臨床應用情形,在參考已有相關指南及專家共識的基礎上,以問題為導向,采用GRADE評價方法,聯(lián)合國內多家醫(yī)療機構的臨床專家、藥學專家和循證專家等召開項目啟動會、問題研討會及專家研討會等,并進行了兩輪專家意見征詢和修改,最終形成了12條審方推薦意見,詳見表16。

3 結語

本共識是由重慶市醫(yī)院協(xié)會藥事管理專委會發(fā)起、邀請國內臨床和藥學專家共同參與制訂的指導醫(yī)療機構合理使用PPIs的專家共識,是國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳發(fā)布《指導原則》后,由協(xié)會牽頭發(fā)布、讓《指導原則》落地、讓審方更具可操作性的專家共識,希望能為醫(yī)療機構開展PPIs人工處方審核和前置審方規(guī)則設置與審核提供重要參考,為后續(xù)持續(xù)開展抗凝藥、抗腫瘤藥和內分泌藥等的審方規(guī)則建設提供有價值的參考。

參考文獻

[ 1 ] ALHAZZANI W,ALSHAMSI F,BELLEY-COTE E,et al. Efficacy and safety of stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients:a net-work meta-analysis of randomized trials

[J]. Intensive Care Med,2018,44(1):1-11.

[ 2 ] KANTOR E D,REHM C D,HAAS J S,et al. Trends in prescription drug use among adults in the United States from 1999-2012[J]. JAMA,2015,314(17):1818-1831.

[ 3 ] SAVARINO V,DULBECCO P,DE BORTOLI N,et al. The appropriate use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs):need for a reappraisal[J]. Eur J Intern Med,2017,37:19-24.

[ 4 ] YING J,LI L C,WU C Y,et al. The status of proton pump inhibitor use:a prescription survey of 45 hospitals in ? ?China[J]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig,2019,111(10):738-743.

[ 5 ] 國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳.國家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳關于印發(fā)質子泵抑制劑臨床應用指導原則(2020年版)的通知:國衛(wèi)醫(yī)發(fā)〔2020〕973號[EB/OL].(2020-12-09)[2022-02-01].? http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7659/202012/9aac2b191c8-44082aac2df73b820948f.shtml.

[ 6 ] 中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會.中國慢性胃炎共識意見:2017年,上海[J].中華消化雜志,2017,37(11):721-738.

[ 7 ] 中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會胃腸動力學組,中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會胃腸功能性疾病協(xié)作組.中國功能性消化不良專家共識意見:2015年,上海[J].中國消化雜志,2016,36(4):217-229.

[ 8 ] PINTO-SANCHEZM I,YUAN Y H,HASSAN A,et al. Proton pump inhibitors for functional dyspepsia[J]. ? ? ? Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017,11:CD011194.

[ 9 ] MOAYYEDI P,LACY B E,ANDREWS C N,et al. ACG and CAG clinical guideline:management of dyspepsia[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2017,112(7):988-1013.

[10] 安徽省慢性胃炎分級診療指南:2016版[J].安徽醫(yī)學,2017,38(7):813-822.

[11] 中華醫(yī)學會老年醫(yī)學分會,《中華老年醫(yī)學雜志》編輯委員會.老年人功能性消化不良診治專家共識[J].中華老年醫(yī)學雜志,2015,34(7):698-705.

[12] DEMCS?K A,SO?S A,KINCSES L,et al. Acid suppression therapy,gastrointestinal bleeding and infection in acute pancreatitis: an international cohort study[J]. Pancreatology,2020,20(7):1323-1331.

[13] 中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會胰腺疾病學組,《中華胰腺病雜志》編輯委員會,《中華消化雜志》編輯委員會.中國急性胰腺炎診治指南:2019年,沈陽[J].中華胰腺病雜志,2019,19(5):321-331.

[14] 中華醫(yī)學會急診分會,京津冀急診急救聯(lián)盟,北京醫(yī)學會急診分會,等.急性胰腺炎急診診斷及治療專家共識[J].中華急診醫(yī)學雜志,2021,30(2):161-172.

[15] YOKOE M,TAKADA T,MAYUMI T,et al. Japanese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis: ? ?Japanese guidelines 2015[J]. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci,2015,22(6):405-432.

[16] Italian Association for the Study of the Pancreas (AISP), PEZZILLI R,ZERBI A,et al. Consensus guidelines on ?severe acute pancreatitis[J]. Dig Liver Dis,2015,47(7):532-543.

[17] CROCKETT S D,WANI S,GARDNER T B,et al. American Gastroenterological Association Institute guideline on ? ?initial management of acute pancreatitis[J]. Gastroentero- logy,2018,154(4):1096-1101.

[18] 中華醫(yī)學會,中華醫(yī)學會雜志社,中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會,等.急性胰腺炎基層診療指南:2019年[J].中華全科醫(yī)師雜志,2019,18(9):819-826.

[19] LECHIEN J R,MOUAWAD F,BARILLARI M R,et al. Treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease:a systematic review[J]. World J Clin Cases,2019,7(19):2995-3011.

[20] LECHIEN J R,AKST L M,HAMDAN A L,et al. Evaluation and management of laryngopharyngeal reflux di- sease:state of the art review[J]. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,2019,160(5):762-782.

[21] 汪忠鎬,吳繼敏,胡志偉,等.中國胃食管反流病多學科診療共識[J/OL].中華胃食管反流病電子雜志,2020,7(1): 1-28[2022-01-05]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFDLAST2021&file-name=SDFL202001002&uniplatform=NZKPT&v=Uz53y-syhsgnCrFOdhw6ckw3xxx2DpI-vaGhnbqo20nZZAcrAxt-?KvCr5EmuMIUTt4. DOI:10.3877/ cma.j.issn.2095-8765.2020.01.001.

[22] ZHU Y J,ZHANG Y,WANGT Y,et al. High dose PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection:a systematic review with meta- analysis[J]. Therap Adv Gastroenterol,2020,13:17562- 84820937115.

[23] GAOC P,ZHANG D,ZHANG T,et al. PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection:an update based on a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Helicobacter,2020,25(4):e12692.

[24] YANG J,ZHANG Y,F(xiàn)AN L,et al. Eradication efficacy of modified dual therapy compared with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy as a first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2019,114(3):437-445.

[25] FALLONE C A,CHIBA N,VAN ZANTEN S V,et al. The Toronto consensus for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults[J]. Gastroenterology,2016,151(1):51-69.

[26] World Gastroenterology Organisation. World gastroente- rology organisation global guideline:Helicobacter pylori in developing countries[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2011,45(5):383-388.

[27] CHEY W D,LEONTIADIS G I,HOWDEN C W,et al. ACG clinical guideline:treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2017,112(2):212-239.

[28] LIMA J J,THOMAS C D,BARBARINO J,et al. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC)guideline for CYP2C19 and proton pump inhibitor do- sing[J]. Clin Pharmacol Ther,2021,109(6):1417-1423.

[29] SHIRAI N,SUGIMOTO M,KODAIRA C,et al. Dual therapy with high doses of rabeprazole and amoxicillin versus triple therapy with rabeprazole,amoxicillin,and metronidazole as a rescue regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection after the standard triple therapy[J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2007,63(8):743-749.

[30] YANG J C,LIN C J,WANG H L,et al. High-dose dual therapy is superior to standard first-line or rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2015,13(5):895-905.

[31] YANG X,WANG J X,HAN S X,et al. High dose dual therapy versus bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Medicine (Baltimore),2019,98(7):e14396.

[32] HWONG-RUEY LEOW A,CHANG J V,GOH K L. Searching for an optimal therapy for H. pylori eradication:high-dose proton-pump inhibitor dual therapy with amoxicillin vs. standard triple therapy for 14 days[J]. Helicobacter,2020,25(5):e12723.

[33] SONG Z Q,ZHOU L Y,XUE Y,et al. A comparative study of 14-day dual therapy (esomeprazole and amoxicillin four times daily)and triple plus bismuth therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori infection eradication:a randomized trial[J]. Helicobacter,2020,25(6):e12762.

[34] BARKUN A N,ALMADI M,KUIPERS E J,et al. Ma- nagement of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:guideline recommendations from the international consensus group[J]. Ann Intern Med,2019,171(11):805-822.

[35] LAINE L,BARKUN A N,SALTZMAN J R,et al. ACG clinical guideline:upper gastrointestinal and ulcer blee- ding[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2021,116(5):899-917.

[36] 《中華內科雜志》編輯部,《中華醫(yī)學雜志》編輯部,《中華消化雜志》編輯部,等.急性非靜脈曲張性上消化道出血診治指南:2018年,杭州[J].中華消化雜志,2019,39(2):80-87.

[37] DEVAULT K R,CASTELL D O,American College of Gastroenterology. Updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2005,100(1):190-200.

[38] 中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會. 2020年中國胃食管反流病專家共識[J].中華消化雜志,2020,40(10):649-663.

[39] SARTORI S,TREVISANI L,NIELSEN I,et al. Rando- mized trial of omeprazole or ranitidine versus placebo in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced gastroduodenal injury[J]. J Clin Oncol,2000,18(3):463-467.

[40] BRUNO J J,CANADA T W,WAKEFIELD C D,et al. Stress-related mucosal bleeding in critically ill oncology patients[J]. J Oncol Pharm Pract,2009,15(1):9-16.

[41] ROSEN R,VANDENPLAS Y,SINGENDONK M,et al. Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux clinical practice guidelines:joint recommendations of the North American Socie- ty for Pediatric Gastroenterology,Hepatology,and Nutrition and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroentero- logy,Hepatology,and Nutrition[J]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2018,66(3):516-554.

[42] 中華醫(yī)學會兒科學分會消化學組.小兒胃食管反流病診斷治療方案:試行[J].中華兒科雜志,2006,44(2):96.

[43] 方浩然,李中躍. 2018年北美及歐洲小兒胃腸病、肝病和營養(yǎng)協(xié)會兒童胃食管反流及胃食管反流病臨床指南解讀[J].中華兒科雜志,2019,57(3):181-186.

[44] 王剛,李在玲,謝曉麗,等.兒童質子泵抑制劑合理使用專家共識:2019年版[J].中國實用兒科雜志,2019,34(12):977-981.

[45] BENNINGA M A,NURKO S,F(xiàn)AURE C ,et al.兒童功能性胃腸病羅馬Ⅳ標準[J].中華兒科雜志,2017,55(1):4-14.

[46] JONES N L,KOLETZKO S,GOODMAN K,et al. Joint ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori in children and adolescents:update 2016[J]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2017,64(6):991- 1003.

[47] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Instructions for usep omeprazole delayed-release capsules omeprazole magnesium for delayed-release oral suspension[EB/OL].(2016-10-12)

[2022-03-01]. http://www.astrazeneca-us.com.

[48] 劉文忠.日本《消化性潰瘍循證臨床實踐指南(2015年)》解讀[J].胃腸病學,2016,21(3):129-137.

[49] 中華醫(yī)學會兒科學分會感染消化學組.小兒慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍診斷治療推薦方案[J].現(xiàn)代實用醫(yī)學,2004,16(4):249-250.

[50] 許春娣.小兒功能性消化不良的診斷及治療[J].中國實用兒科雜志,2000,15(7):402-404.

[51] 中華醫(yī)學會消化病學分會.急性非靜脈曲張性上消化道出血診治指南[J].中華內科雜志,2019,58(3):173-180.

[52] WANG Y,YE Z K,GE L,et al. Efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis in critically ill patients:systematic review and network meta-analysis[J]. BMJ,2020,368:16744.

[53] ASHP Commission on Therapeutics. ASHP therapeutic guidelines on stress ulcer prophylaxis[J]. Am J Health Syst Pharm,1999,56(4):347-379.

[54] EAST Practice Management Guidelines Committee. Practice management guidelines for stress ulcer prophylaxis

[EB/OL].[2022-03-01].https://www.east.org/education/

practice-management-guidelines/stress-ulcer-prophylaxis.

[55] WOLFE M M,SACHS G. Acid suppression:optimizing therapy for gastroduodenal ulcer healing,gastroesopha- geal reflux disease,and stress-related erosive syndrome[J]. Gastroenterology,2000,118(2 Suppl 1):S9-S31.

[56] YEOMANS N D,TULASSAY Z,JUH?SZ L,et al. A comparison of omeprazole with ranitidine for ulcers associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs[J]. N Engl J Med,1998,338(11):719-726.

[57] HAWKEY C J,KARRASCH J A,SZCZEPA?SKI L,et al. Omeprazole compared with misoprostol for ulcers asso- ciated with nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs[J]. N Engl J Med,1998,338(11):727-734 .

[58] LANZA F L,CHAN F K L,QUIGLEY E M M,et al. Guidelines for prevention of NSAID-related ulcer complications[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2009,104(3):728-738.

[59] FREEDBERG D E,KIM L S,YANG Y X. The risks and benefits of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors: ? ? ?expert review and best practice advice from the American Gastroenterological Association[J]. Gastroenterology,2017,152(4):706-715.

[60] HUNT R,LAZEBNIK L B,MARAKHOUSKI Y C,et al. International consensus on guiding recommendations for management of patients with nonsteroidal antiinflamma- tory drugs induced gastropathy-ICON-G[J]. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol,2018,8(2):148-160.

[61] JOO M K,PARK C H,KIM J S,et al. Clinical guidelines for drug-related peptic ulcer,2020 revised edition[J]. Gut Liver,2020,14(6):707-726.

[62] 中國醫(yī)師協(xié)會急診醫(yī)師分會,中華醫(yī)學會急診醫(yī)學分會,全軍急救醫(yī)學專業(yè)委員會,等.急性上消化道出血急診診治流程專家共識:2020版[J].中華急診醫(yī)學雜志,2021,30(1):15-24.

[63] 中國藥學會醫(yī)院藥學專業(yè)委員會,中華醫(yī)學會臨床藥學分會,《質子泵抑制劑優(yōu)化應用專家共識》寫作組.質子泵抑制劑優(yōu)化應用專家共識[J].中國醫(yī)院藥學雜志,2020,40(21):2195-2213.

[64] HUNT R,ARMSTRONG D,KATELARIS P,et al. World Gastroenterology Organisation global guidelines:GERD global perspective on gastroesophageal reflux disease[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2017,51(6):467-478.

[65] PAN T,WANG Y P,GUO Z,et al. Additional bedtime H2- receptor antagonist for the control of nocturnal gastric ? ?acid breakthrough[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2004(4):CD004275.

[66] MAINIE I,TUTUIAN R,CASTELL D O. Addition of a H2 receptor antagonist to PPI improves acid control and decreases nocturnal acid breakthrough[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2008,42(6):676-679.

[67] FACKLER W K,OURS T M,VAEZI M F,et al. Long- term effect of H2RA therapy on nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough[J]. Gastroenterology,2002,122(3):625-632.

[68] KATZ P O,GERSON L B,VELA M F. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux di- sease[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2013,108(3):308-328.

[69] FUCHS K H,BABIC B,BREITHAUPT W,et al. EAES recommendations for the management of gastroesopha- geal reflux disease[J]. Surg Endosc,2014,28(6):1753- 1773.

[70] IWAKIRI K,KINOSHITA Y,HABU Y,et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for gastroesophageal reflux disease 2015[J]. J Gastroenterol,2016,51(8):751-767.

[71] WEERSINK R A,BOUMA M,BURGER D M,et al. Safe use of proton pump inhibitors in patients with cirrhosis[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol,2018,84(8):1806-1820.

[72] KAROL M D,MACHINIST J M,CAVANAUGH J M. Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in hemodialysis patients

[J]. J Clin Pharmacol,1995,35(8):815-820.

[73] KDIGO Glomerular Diseases Work Group. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of glome- rular diseases[J]. Kidney Int,2021,100(4S):S1-S276.

[74] 北京市科委重大項目《早期胃癌治療規(guī)范研究》專家組,柴寧莉,翟亞奇,等.早期胃癌內鏡下規(guī)范化切除的專家共識意見:2018,北京[J].中華胃腸內鏡雜志,2019,36(6):381-392.

[75] OH T H,JUNG H Y,CHOI K D,et al. Degree of healing and healing-associated factors of endoscopic submucosal dissection-induced ulcers after pantoprazole therapy for 4 weeks[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2009,54(7):1494-1499.

[76] NIIMI K,F(xiàn)UJISHIRO M,GOTO O,et al. Prospective single-arm trial of two-week rabeprazole treatment for ulcer healing after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection[J]. Dig Endosc,2012,24(2):110-116.

[77] TOMITA T,KIM Y,YAMASAKI T,et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of omeprazole and famotidine in preventing delayed blee- ding and promoting ulcer healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2012,27(9):1441-1446.

[78] 國家消化系統(tǒng)疾病臨床醫(yī)學研究中心,中華醫(yī)學會消化內鏡學分會,中國醫(yī)師協(xié)會消化醫(yī)師分會.胃內鏡黏膜下剝離術圍術期指南[J].中國醫(yī)刊,2017,52(12):12-24.

猜你喜歡
質子泵抑制劑臨床應用
淺析涌泉穴
渭南地區(qū)道地藥材沙苑子應用研究
質子泵抑制劑的臨床應用分析
質子泵抑制劑泮托拉唑對透析患者消化道出血的治療
四種不同質子泵抑制劑聯(lián)合莫沙必利治療中重度反流性食管炎的藥物經(jīng)濟學評價
PPIs與H2RAs預防急性心肌梗死后應激性潰瘍安全性和有效性的Meta分析