Abstracts

TheGlobalSouthandSecurityCommunities：ADecolonialReflectiononTheory

SHIHChih-yuandHOUChangkun

Abstract：Formercolonizerstateshaveestablishedsecuritycommunitiesamongthemselvesbymutuallyrestrainingthroughcommonrules，thusavoidingfurtherconflicts.Incontrast，formercolonieshavebuiltsecuritycommunitiesthroughnon-interferenceandmutualrecognitionofsovereigntyandindependencewithoutinvolvingcommonrules，whichhascauseduneaseamongtheformercolonizers.Theattributesofthememberstatesinthesetwotypesofsecuritycommunitiesdiffer.FollowingtheWestphaliansystem，theformercolonizerstatesexperiencedhorrificmassacresandworldwars，makingthemawareoftheneedforrestrainttoestablishorder，thusemphasizingrules.Formercolonies，however，havebeenfragmentedbycolonialismandare，atbest，incompleteregimes，makingthemvastlydifferentfromstatesaccustomedtotheWestphaliansystem.Asaresult，theypursuerecognitionoftheirindependencebytheinternationalcommunity，whichhasbeenmetwithaccusationsfromformercolonizerstates.Theseformercoloniesare?;accusedofbeingasunrestrainedastheirformercolonizersandareseenassourcesofcontemporarysecuritythreats.Thisdemonstratesthatcountrieswithdifferentcolonialityhavedifferentconceptionsofsecuritycommunities.ThisarticleusestheGlobalSouthasanintegratedidentitycategorytocomparethedifferentneedsofthestatesofdifferentcolonialitywithinsecuritycommunitiesandusestheShanghaiCooperationOrganizationasanexampletopointoutthelimitationsofsomesecuritycommunityresearch，whichstillfallsintothetrapofcolonialistthinking.

Keywords：securitization，desecuritization，securitycommunity，coloniality，GlobalSouth，ShanghaiCooperationOrganization

ARegionalistAnalysisofChina-U.S.StrategicCompetition

WUBaiyi

Abstract：Inthecontextofanewera，thetransformationofU.S.-Chinarelationspresentsadauntinganduncertainchallenge.Themostnotablefeaturesofthisshiftincludechangesinitsunderlyinglogic，operationalarenas，andultimateconditions，allofwhichdivergesignificantlyfromthepast.Thetwocountriesfaceanunprecedentedlevelofdifficultyintheircomprehensivestrategiccompetition，fueledbyalackofexperience，mutualstrategicsuspicion，andamultitudeofchallenges.Asaresult，ongoingadjustments，experiments，andinnovationsinconcepts，strategies，andactionsarelikelytobecomethenorminU.S.-Chinarelationsfortheforeseeablefuture.Astwomajorglobalpowers，thestrategicrivalrybetweenChinaandtheU.S.notonlyshapesthetrajectoryofeconomicglobalizationarAhazECCo5/QwFPQ23lPcw==ndtheemergenceofamultipolarworldbutisalsoprofoundlyinfluencedbythesetrends.Inrecentyears，bothnationshavefocusedonreinforcingtheirrespectiveregionalcooperationmechanisms，engagingincompetitionacrossvarioussectors，includingindustry，technology，finance，defense，anddiplomacy.Thiscompetitionaimstoenhancetheircompetitiveadvantagesandinternationalinfluence，ultimatelyseekingtosecuregreateropportunitiesandrightsinshapingthefutureofthemultilateralinternationalorder.TheauthorarguesthattheregionalcompetitionbetweenChinaandtheU.S.offersauniqueperspectiveforanalyzingtheevolutionoftheirrelationship.Italsounderscorestheincreasingsignificanceofregionalplatformsinfutureglobalpoliticalandeconomicinteractions.Consequently，thispaperexaminesthreedimensions：thetrendsofglobalizationandmultipolarity，thestrategiesandpracticesofU.S.-Chinaregionalizationefforts，andthepotentialforbothcountriestoreturntonecessarycooperation.Theanalysisaimstoelucidatetheinterconnections，andpossiblepathwaysforcollaborationbetweenthem.

Keywords：China-U.S.relations，strategicgame-playing，comparativeregionalism，globalization，multipolarity

AnalysisandCritiqueofJapan’sFallacyon“ATaiwanEmergencyisaJapaneseEmergency”

YANAnlinandYEJiaqi

Abstract：Thenotionthat“aTaiwanemergencyisaJapaneseemergency”hasalongstandinghistoryinJapan，evolvingthroughvariousstagesfromitsinitialformulationtoitscurrentexpression.Thisargumentisdeeplyrootedinbothhistoricalandcontemporarycontexts，reflectingJapan’sinterests.CentraltothisdiscourseisJapan’sconceptof“securitylinkage”whichraisesquestionsaboutpotentialshiftsinJapan’spolicytowardTaiwan.ThisperspectiveeffectivelyrepresentsJapan’sinterferenceinChina’sinternalaffairs，conflatingtheTaiwanquestion—aninternalmatterforChina—withJapan’ssecurityconcerns.InthecontextoftheUnitedStates’strategytocontainandsuppressChina，theJapan-U.S.alliancehasbeenreinforced，leadingtoincreasedinterventionintheTaiwanquestionasameansofcontainingChina.SuchdevelopmentscomplicatetheChinese&jp6HWuvlRIhdxRGTNGhJavuejPl2HU+YxWYt4wckYag=nbsp;government’sabilitytomanageandresolvetheTaiwanquestion，introducenewobstaclestocross-straitreunification，andescalatetensionsintheTaiwanStrait.Additionally，thisfallacyisinfluencedbybothexternalfactors（e.g.，Sino-Japaneserelations）andinternaldynamicswithinJapan.Movingforward，JapanislikelytoescalateitsinvolvementintheTaiwanquestion，necessitatingvigilanceagainstJapan’seffortsto“expand”thisfallacyandto“internationalize”theTaiwanquestion.

Keywords：theTaiwanquestion，fallacyoftheTaiwanEmergency，Japan’spolicytowardTaiwan，Japan-U.S.alliance

China’sModelofPartnershipUpgrading：ACaseStudyofChina’sPartnershipwithCentralAsianCountries

SHIXinyi

Abstract：Chinahasformedawide-rangingandhigh-qualityglobalpartnershipnetwork.Amongthemorethan100bilateralpartnershipsofChina，nearlyhalfhaveundergoneupgrades.Asanewtypeofinternationalcooperation，thecoreofpartnershipupgradingistodeepencooperation.Ininternationalcooperation，cooperationelementspromotecooperation，whilecooperationdilemmashindercooperation，andthedilemmasunderhighandlowpoliticsarealsodifferent.Aimingtoovercomecooperationdilemmasandstrengthencooperationelements，China’spartnershipupgradingmodelconsistsoftwoparts：theupgradingpathandtheupgradingconditions.ThroughtheupgradingpathsofinstitutionalizationandHeyi，thecooperationelementsofinstitution andculturearestrengthened.Basedontheupgradingconditionsofmutualtrustandmutualbenefit，thetwotypesofcooperationdilemmasofuncertaintyandpreferencedifferencesaresuppressed.CentralAsiaistheonlyregioninChina’sneighborhoodwhereallcountriesareChina’scomprehensivestrategicpartners.ThedevelopmenthistoryofChina’spartnershipwithCentralAsiancountriesconformstothemodelofpartnershipupgrading.Inthefuture，todeepenChina’spartnershipfurther，weshoulduseinstitutionalizationandHeyimeansfocusingondevelopingmutualtrustandmutualbenefits，andcreatingaglobalpartnershipnetworkwithawiderscopeandhigherquality.

Keywords：partnership，China-CentralAsiarelations，mutualtrust，mutualbenefits

TheEvolutionofSovereigntyandtheReshapingofInternationalSecurityOrderintheDigitalEra

LUOYoucheng

Abstract：Inthecontextofanewtechnologicalrevolution，theconceptsofsovereignty—itsterritory，subjects，elements，andpowers—havefundamentallytransformed.Theriseofdigitalsovereigntyhasprovidedapowerfulimpetusforreinterpretinginternationalsecuritystructuresandprocesseswhileredefiningtherelevantactorsinvolved.Traditionaltheories，suchas“territorialsovereigntyextension”and“functionalsovereignty”fallshortofeffectivelyexplainingthelegitimacyandvalidityofdigitalsovereignty.Atitscore，digitalsovereigntyrepresentsaformof“technologicalsovereignty”whichdependsonastate’scapacitytoexerciseauthority overdigitalspaces.Asdigitalsovereigntyincreasinglybecomesviewedasasecuritytool，thisshiftwillalterperceptionsofsecuritythreats.Consequently，itmaytriggercompetitionfornationalpoweramiddisparitiesinsovereigncapabilities，deepengeopoliticalrivalriesthrough“triangularrelationships”andexacerbatesecuritydilemmasandtheerosionoforderinthedigitaldomain.China'sconceptof“cooperativesovereignty”alignswellwiththeinherentcharacteristicsofthedigitallandscape，offeringaninnovativeapproachtomitigatingthechaoticcompetitionsurroundingdigitalsovereigntywhilepromotingaconstructivereshapingofinternationalsecurity.However，thisconceptfacestwosignificantchallenges：first，howtoaddresstheU.S.pursuitofunilateraldigitalsovereignty;andsecond，howtodelineatethecrucialroleoftechgiantsintheglobalgovernanceofdigitalspaces.

Keywords：strategicautonomy，windowofopportunity，EuropeanUnion，transatlanticrelations

PowerInteractionandBalancedCompetition：AnalyzingChina-U.S.-EUContestforDigitalPowerfromthePerspectiveofInternationalPoliticalEconomy

YANGuangandXINHua

Abstract：Thedigitalspaceisemergingasanewarenaforgeopoliticalrivalry.Asthedigitalwavereshapespowerdynamicsandcompetitiveparadigms，theconceptofdigitalpowerhasariseninresponsetothesechanges.Thisarticleconstructsaframeworkforunderstandingdigitalpower，positingthatitderivesfromthecontrolofdigitalresources—specifically，digitalrules，digitaltechnology，anddigital markets.Itarguesthatthelogicofdigitalpowercompetitionmanifestsas acollectivecaptureofdigitalmarketpower，digitalrulepower，anddigitaltechnologypower，rootedinthemutualconstraintsamongthesethreeelementsratherthanbeingviewedasaone-sidedpowermonopolyunderatechnologydeterminismmodel，digitalpowercompetitionshouldbeunderstoodasatwo-waypowerinteractionmodelcharacterizedbycompetitiveinterdependence.Currently，thedigitalpowercompetitionamongChina，theUnitedStates，andEuropereflectsanasymmetric“separationofpowers”structure.TheUnitedStates，whichpositionsdigitaltechnologyasitshegemonicfoundation，continuestoescalateitsdigitalrivalrywithChina，creatingaclimateofdisorder，andgiventhecomplexconflictsofinterestbetweenEuropeandtheUnitedStatesregardingdominanceindigitaltechnologyandrules，bothChinaandtheEuropeanUnioncanleveragedigitalmarketsandrulesasinstrumentstocounterbalanceU.S.digitalhegemony.Thisstrategyaimstosecuregreaterstrategicspaceandachievebalancedcompetition.

Keywords：greatpowercompetition，digitaltechnology，power，market，norms，powerinteraction

PrivateInformation，SurpriseAttack，andtheCausesofWar：TheCasesofthePalestinian-IsraeliConflictandtheUkraineCrisis

HANXiaoandWANGJinhui

Abstract：Byapplyingbargainingtheoryandthetheoryofsurpriseattacksfromthestudyofwarfare，thepaperanalyzesthefactorsthatledtotheoutbreaksofthePalestinian-IsraeliconflictandtheUkrainecrisis，withafocusontherolesofinformationandintelligence.Thisapproachenhancesourunderstandingofthecomplexitiessurroundingtheonsetofwar，boththeoreticallyandinpracticalterms.Bargainingtheorysuggeststhatastate’smilitarycapabilitiesandwillingnesstoengageincombatareconsideredprivateinformation.Additionally，statesoftenhaveincentivestomisrepresentthisinformation，leadingtomutualsuspicionintheirinteractions.Thisdynamiccanbeasignificantcatalystforconflict.InboththePalestinian-IsraeliconflictandtheUkrainecrisis，HamasandRussiasoughttodemonstratetheirmilitarystrengthandresolveinhopesofcompellingIsraelandUkrainetochangetheirpositions，yettheseattemptsultimatelyfellshort.Moreover，bothcrisesillustratethatprivateinformationisnotentirely“private”IntelligenceavailabletoIsraelandUkrainebeforetheconflictsindicatedthathostilitieswerelikely，butthisawarenessdidnotpreventthewarsfrombreakingout.Contributingfactorsincludenoiseintheinternationalenvironment，inherentflawsinintelligencemechanisms，misperceptions，andthedifficultiesfacedbydefensiveactorsinrespondingeffectivelytothreats.Theresearchrevealsthatbothsidesinaconflictencountersignificantchallengeswhenassessingeachother’scapabilitiesandintentions.Understandingtheseinformationalconstraintsiscrucialtocomprehendinghowandwhyconflictsescalate.

Keywords：Palestinian-Israeliconflict，Ukrainecrisis，surpriseattack，armedconflict