黃智

高中英語強調(diào)句是高中英語知識的一個語法點。它的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法看似簡單，但是有相當多的學生常在考試中出現(xiàn)各種錯誤判斷?，F(xiàn)結(jié)合我個人幾年的教學經(jīng)驗，談談對高中英語強調(diào)句教學的點滴體會。

一、強調(diào)句句型的引入

He came here to see his girlfriend yesterday.要求對謂語動詞came進行強調(diào)。想要強調(diào)謂語動詞就是在其前加do， does， did這幾個助動詞。因此學生提出這樣一個問題：強調(diào)句子其他成分也是在其前加do， does， did嗎？教師就可以引出強調(diào)句句型：It is/was...that（who）...以上的句子應寫成：It was yesterday that he came here to see his girlfriend.

二、強調(diào)句的陳述句式

強調(diào)句的陳述句式為：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that（who）+句子的其余成分。檢驗所用句子是強調(diào)句與否，方法就是把它變成不是強調(diào)句句型的句子，變后的句子如果意思通順，合乎邏輯，那么就可以判斷其為強調(diào)句。

三、強調(diào)句的一般疑問句式

It is what he said that makes me so happy. 變成一般疑問句： Is it what he said that makes you so happy？ 從以上的結(jié)構(gòu)可知：強調(diào)句的一般疑問句式為：Is/Was +it+被強調(diào)部分+that（who）+句子的其余部分？

四、強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句式

It was by his friend that he managed to get the information.要求學生對強調(diào)的部分by his friend進行提問： How was it that he managed to get the information？從以上的結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句式為：特殊疑問詞+ is/was +it+ that+句子的其余部分？

五、強調(diào)句特殊疑問句式的回答

What was it that made his wife so upset？ A. Because her husband left her.B. Her husband left her.C. Her husband leaving.D. Because her husband leaving.應把疑問句式變?yōu)殛愂鼍涫絀t was what that made his wife so upset.然后再把這個強調(diào)句變成不是用強調(diào)句式的句子：What made his wife so upset？到這里，學生就知道上面所提問的句子是提問主語部分。從各個選項答案可知，只有C這個答案能充當主語，故選C。做完這題后，要求學生以后做此類題目時就用這種逆推法。

六、not...until句型的強調(diào)句和倒裝句的用法

He did not realize that he was wrong until his teacher explained to him.要求學生把這個句子變成強調(diào)句：It was not until his teacher explained to him that he realized that he was wrong. 很多學生錯誤地寫成：It was not until his teacher explained to him that did he realize that he was wrong. not...until強調(diào)句要注意兩點：被強調(diào)的部分是not和 until 所引導的時間狀語從句，而在that后要用陳述句語序。not...until句型的倒裝句：not和 until 所引導的時間狀語從句必須放在句首，主句要用倒裝語序。

七、強調(diào)句用在從句中的語序

What was it that made his wife so upset？ I dont know whatthat made his wife so upset. A. it wasB. was it很多學生選了B答案。但是他們的答案是錯誤的，因為這時它已不是一個句子，只是句中的一個成分，即這時的強調(diào)句是用在從句中，從句的語序永遠是陳述語序。

八、強調(diào)句和定語從句的區(qū)別

It is the buildingI was born.很多學生會填that。因為他們認為這個句子是個強調(diào)句，但是是錯誤的。把句子變成不是強調(diào)句的句子顯然是不成立的，也就是說把上面的句子處理為強調(diào)句是錯誤的。只能把它處理為where引導的定語從句來修飾the building。

（責任編輯黃曉）endprint