徐啟富

問：為什么考查補全對話？

答：補全對話是英語考試常見題型之一，也是全國各地中考命題使用較多的一個題型。在題干表述上有的叫補全對話，有的叫口語/情景交際，還有的叫交際運用等。該題型主要考查考生在特定的語境中比較得體地表達自己的連貫意思的能力，是以筆試的形式考查考生英語口語交際能力，目的是為了彌補無法進行統(tǒng)一口試的不足。

問：補全對話有什么特點？

答：補全對話的特點是注重交際應用，強調對交際對話的整體理解。從所給分值看，一般是10～15分，權重約占整個試卷8%～10%；從語言特點上看，比較突出口語化，充分反映了語言的靈活性。從內容選材上看，篇幅短小，100詞左右。一般不會出現生詞。從命題形式上看，有選擇題和非選擇題兩種。常見的題型有：1.選擇題：選單詞補全對話、選句子補全對話、對話排序等。2.非選擇題：填單詞補全對話、寫句子補全對話等。從發(fā)展趨勢上看，非選擇題表現形式居多。

問：補全對話考什么？

答：補全對話涉及的題材廣泛，注重實用性。它不僅考查交際能力，而且突出了對詞匯、語法等語言基礎知識綜合運用能力的檢測。從語言功能方面看，近年來的補全對話考得比較多的是：問候，介紹，告別，感謝（及應答），祝愿（及應答），表示道歉和遺憾（及應答），邀請（及應答），提出幫助（及應答），約會，表示意愿和希望，提出請求（及應答），表示同意或不同意，表示喜好和厭惡，表示決斷和堅持，表示判斷和意見，表示肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，表示看法、勸告和建議，許諾，表示焦慮、驚奇和喜悅，談論天氣，購物，問路（及應答），詢問時間和日期（及應答），就餐，打電話，看病，求救，學習方法及日常生活等等。

示例一：（2013年南京卷）

根據對話內容，從下面方框中選擇適當的單詞或短語填空，使對話內容完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為57～61的相應位置上。

thousands of, hopeless, turning off, so, what

A:Hey! I met a student from a green school in Dalian.

B: A green school? 57 is it?

A:It is a school which supports the protection of the environment. In fact, there are 58green schools in China. Its wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal, 59 every class in such schools collects waste that can be used again and then sells it for recycling（再利用）.

B:Great! What else do they do?

A:They also save energy and tricycle things at home, such as 60 lights and saving water.

B:If everyone tries to protect the environment, we will make the world much better.

A:I agree. If we dont, the future is 61.

B:Anyway, public concern over the environment has greatly increased. There is hope for the future.

本題要求選擇所給單詞或短語填空，而且是等額選擇，不要求做任何變化，屬于最簡單的要求。答案是：57. What58. thousands of59. so60. turning off61. hopeless

示例二：（2013年蘭州卷）

閱讀下面的對話，根據上下文，從方框內選擇恰當的選項補全對話。（有兩項為多余選項）

A.I often go to Shanghai on business.

B.Would you mind telling me what you come here for?

C.May I ask you some questions?

D.Have a great time.

E.How will you do that?

F.When did you arrive in Lanzhou?

G.Where do you come from?

A:Excuse me, I am a reporter from a student magazine. 81

B:Sure, please.

A:82

B:I am from Germany.

A:83

B:I got here the day before yesterday.

A:How do you like Lanzhou?

B:I like your city very much. The people here are very friendly. But Im still not used to the weather here. I have a sore throat today.

A:The weather in Lanzhou is kind of dry. Drinking more water can make you feel better.

B: Thanks for your suggestion.

A: 84

B:Of course not. I come here for watching Lanzhou International Marathon. And then Im planning to go to Dunhuang for a tour.

A:Great. Thank you for answering my questions. 85

B:Thank you.

這是一個差額選擇題，也是目前采用比較多的一種形式。比“示例一”的難度和靈活度都要大一些。答案是：81. C82. G83. F84. B85. D

示例三：（2012年成都卷）

看圖填空，一空一詞（含縮寫詞）。

81. What time is it now?

Itsoclock in the .

82. Hows the weather?

aday.

83. Where are these people?

They are at a.

84. Is the place in the picture a busy and crowded one?

No, it , because onlypersons are there.

85. What do you think they are doing?

I think they are a bus.

看圖補全對話具有形象、直觀等特點，融語言能力和觀察力考查為一體。答案是：81. ten; morning82. Its; sunny/ fine83. bus; stop84. isnt; three85. waiting; for

示例四：（2013年長沙卷）

通讀下面的對話，根據上下文補全對話內容。

A: Hello, Betty. What did you do last summer vacation?

B: I visited my uncle.

A:66?

B: He lives in Dalian, a beautiful city.

A:67?

B: I stayed there for a week. 68?

A: No, I havent. But Im going to spend a holiday there.

B: Youd better go to Dalian in summer. So you can enjoy swimming in the sea.

A:69. I will go there this summer vacation.

B:70?

A: By plane.

這是個放在寫作技能中的補全對話題，要求根據上下文填寫句子，很顯然對于語言能力要求較高。答案是：66. Where does he live67. How long did you stay there68. Have you been to Dalian69. Thats a good idea / I think so / That sounds great / I agree with you70. How will you get/ go there

問：做好補全對話需要注意哪些問題？

答：做補全對話題時，必須堅持從整體到局部的原則，先通讀全文和中文提示，掌握大意，然后根據上下文逐一分析對話中空缺部分。由于所空缺部分的語境不同，所以應該選擇或補寫的內容從形式到內容差別很大。這就要求在具備必要的詞匯、語法知識的同時，還要熟悉英語中有關的表達方式，并能靈活應用。初步做完之后一定要復讀全文，對照中文提示，核對答案是否正確。下面的方法不妨一試：

1. 理順關系?？焖偈煜υ拑热荩鶕υ捤o的信息迅速揣測和判斷對話情境、雙方身份、談話內容及雙方關系，理解通篇大意。

2. 初定答案。了解對話發(fā)生的情景后，要在頭腦中迅速回憶起相關的習慣表達，這時可開始答題。答題時應注意理順上下文的關系，利用已知信息推斷出正確答案。從有把握的答案開始，沒把握的暫時放下。尤其要注意上下文所提供的有效信息，根據標點符號，如問號、句號、感嘆號、省略號等所給的啟示初定答案。

3. 正確書寫。寫出答案不難，但要寫出準確的答案卻比較難。答題時應注意單詞的正確拼寫、時態(tài)的正確運用以及句子的習慣表達等。書寫應工整規(guī)范。如果是選擇題就方便多了，從有把握的開始選，剩下的答案越選越清楚，水落石出，難題也就成簡單題了。由于越來越多省市的中考補全對話題采用“非選擇式”題型。這就要求平時養(yǎng)成動手書寫的習慣。多練習，多書寫才能寫出合乎英美表達習慣的短語和句子。

4. 大膽嘗試。

5. 仔細檢查。

示例五：（2013年南昌卷）

請閱讀下面對話，從方框內7個選項中選擇5個恰當的句子完成對話，其中有兩個句子是多余的。

A. Why dont you ask some companies to support

the zoo?

B. The government needs tourists support.

C. I understand that but we need to find a different solution.

D. Its also an important place for animal protection.

E. We will put more advertisements on TV.

F. There simply arent enough tourists going to it.

G. And the zoo is part of the city.

Z=Zoo manager, C=City government

Z: What about giving us more money?

C: Im sorry, but the government doesnt have any more money for the zoo.

Z: But if we dont find a solution soon, then well have to close it. 51.Its a tourist attraction.

C: Yes, but thats the point. 52. Youre going to have to find the money from somewhere else.

Z: 53. Some of these animals are endangered. If we didnt have zoos, they would

die.

C: 54. What if you advertised（做廣告）the zoo more? In the newspaper or on the radio, for example.

Z: But if we dont have any money, we cant advertise.

C: 55.

Z: Actually, that isnt a bad idea. You might be right!

C: I have the names of some company managers you could meet…

這是一個差額選擇題。答案是：51～55 GFDCA

示例六：（2013年福州卷）

用恰當的詞語填空，完成對話。每空一詞。

W: Excuse me, is there a bookstore around here?

M: Yes. There is 101. on Zhongshan Road. Its between the parking lot and the supermarket.

W: How 102. is it from here?

M: About thirty minutes walk. You can 103. the No. 14 bus there.

W: Thank you. By the way, 104. the bus stop?

M: Its at the end of this street. You cant 105. it.

W: Thanks for your help.

M: Youre welcome.

答案：101. one102. far103. take104. wheres105. miss

示例七：（2013年河南卷）

根據下面的對話情景，在每個空白處填上一個適當的句子，使對話的意思連貫、完整。

A: Hi, Tony! What are you doing here?

B: Hi, Judy! Im reading about travelling.

A: About travelling? 76. ?

B: Yes, Im planning to travel during my summer vacation. Summer is the perfect time for fun and Id like to stay cool in the hot weather.

A: Thatll be fun! 77. ?

B: Not yet. Im looking for a place Ive never been to. Any suggestions?

A: 78. . Its quite cool there in summer. Im sure you will like that place because there are many fun activities. And the food there is also special.

B: 79. . Thanks for your suggestion. Whats your plan for the summer vacation?

A: I will stay at home. 80. .

But please tell me about your vacation after you come back.

B: No problem.

答案：76. Are you planning （for） your/ the summer vacation

Are you planning/ Do you plan to travel/ go travel（l）ing

Do you have any plans for the summer vacation

…

77. Have you decided/ made up your mind/ found out where to go/ visit

Have you decided on the place

…

78. I think you can go to…

I suggest （that） you go to/ I suggest your going to…

My suggestion is that you go to…

You may/ can go to…

…

79. Thats a good/ great idea/ Thats great/ good

It sounds/ Sounds good/ great

（Then） I will go to…

Ill think about it

…

80. Ill help my father with his business/ …

Ill help my mother with the housework/ …

Ill do my homework/ …

示例八：（2013年陜西卷）

根據對話內容，將方框內符合對話語境的句子抄寫在對話空白處，使對話恢復完整，選項中有兩項是多余的。

（Ted and Bob are having breakfast.）

Ted: Hi, Bob! Eating fried chicken?

76.

Bob: Eggs and milk? I dont want to have them every day. 77.

Ted: But dont have too much unhealthy food. 78.

Bob: OK, I wont. By the way, I find some students throw away eggs and milk.

Ted: Thats too bad. 79.

Bob: Yes. But what do you think we can

do?

Ted: 80.

Bob: Lets have a try, then we may have different kinds of food every day.

Its bad for your health.

Its delicious.

How about asking our teacher to stop it?

Can we do something to stop it?

I want something delicious.

Arent the eggs and the milk enough?

Why not advise our school to prepare different kinds of food?

答案：76.Arent the eggs and milk enough?

77.I want something delicious.

78.Its bad for your health.

79.Can we do something to stop it?

80.Why not advise our school to prepare different kinds of food?

示例九：（2013年陜西卷）

根據下面對話中的情境，在每個空白處填入一個適當的語句，使對話恢復完整。

A: Nick, are you busy now?

B: No. 81.

A: I need your help. Im planning for tomorrows Chinese class. Can we talk about it?

B: You mean the activity of “Spring in my eyes”?

A: Yes. What are you going to do?

B: Er… 82.

A: Sing a song? Whats the name of the song?

B: In Spring. 83.

A: I dont know. 84.

B: Let me see. You like drawing. I think you

can draw a picture about spring.

A: 85. Ill do that tomorrow.

答案：81. Whats the matter?/ Whats up?/ Why?/ Why are you asking?

82. Ill sing a song/ Im going to sing a song/ I can sing a song/ Id like to sing a song/ I want to sing a song.

83. What/ How about you/ What are you going to do/ What will you do?

84. Can/ Could/ Would you give me some advice?/ Can/ Could/ Would you give some advice to me/ Do you have any advice/ suggestions/ good ideas/ Any advice/ suggestions/ good ideas?

85. That sounds great/ good/ That sounds like a good idea/ Thats a good idea/ Sounds great/ good/ like a good idea/ Good idea.