譚景云,陳彥昕,孫 璐,周家正,唐 超,李勝利,吳杰穎
(安徽大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院,安徽 合肥 230039)
·快遞論文·
新型D-π-A結(jié)構(gòu)茋類衍生物的合成及其光學(xué)性質(zhì)*
譚景云,陳彥昕,孫 璐,周家正,唐 超,李勝利,吳杰穎
(安徽大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院,安徽 合肥 230039)
以對(duì)硝基甲苯為起始原料,與NBS經(jīng)溴代反應(yīng)制得對(duì)溴甲基硝基苯(2);2與亞磷酸三乙酯經(jīng)取代反應(yīng)得4-硝基苯基膦酸二乙酯(3);4-醛基苯基亞氨基二乙酸二乙酯與3或?qū)ο趸揭译娣謩e經(jīng)Wittig-Horner反應(yīng)和Knoevenagel縮合反應(yīng)合成了兩種新型茋類化合物(5和7),其結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和ESI-MS表征。用UV-Vis和熒光光譜研究了5和7的光學(xué)性質(zhì)。結(jié)果表明:5和7的最大吸收峰均位于410nm;5的熒光發(fā)射峰位于529nm,較7紅移26nm,發(fā)射強(qiáng)度提高129倍。
茋;Wittig-Horner反應(yīng);Knoevenagel縮合反應(yīng);合成;光學(xué)性質(zhì)
茋(均二苯乙烯)中兩端苯環(huán)通過雙鍵相連,構(gòu)成共軛體系,光學(xué)性質(zhì)獨(dú)特,是一類優(yōu)秀的熒光材料母體。茋分子容易進(jìn)行官能團(tuán)修飾,分子可調(diào)性強(qiáng),從而具有良好的光電變色性能以及熒光可調(diào)性,因此其衍生物的合成及光學(xué)性質(zhì)被廣泛研究[1-6]。
為了尋找新型的茋類化合物,本文以對(duì)硝基甲苯(1)為起始原料,與N-溴代丁二酰亞胺(NBS)經(jīng)溴代反應(yīng)制得對(duì)溴甲基硝基苯(2);2與亞磷酸三乙酯經(jīng)取代反應(yīng)得4-硝基苯基膦酸二乙酯(3);4-醛基苯基亞氨基二乙酸二乙酯(4)與3或?qū)ο趸揭译?6)分別經(jīng)Wittig-Horner反應(yīng)和Knoevenagel縮合反應(yīng)合成了兩種新型茋類化合物(5和7,Scheme 1),其結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和ESI-MS表征。并用UV-Vis和熒光光譜研究了5和7的光學(xué)性質(zhì)。
1.1 儀器與試劑
UV-3600型雙光束紫外可見光譜儀;F-7000型熒光光譜儀;Bruker 400Ultrashield型核磁共振儀(CDCl3為溶劑,TMS為內(nèi)標(biāo));NEXUS-870型紅外光譜儀(KBr壓片);Bruker Auto Flex Ⅲ型質(zhì)譜儀。
4按文獻(xiàn)[7]方法合成[淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率80%;1H NMRδ:9.71(s,1H,CHO),7.70(d,2H,ArH),6.70(d,2H,ArH),4.33(q,4H,CH2),4.13(s,4H,CH2),1.20(t,6H,CH3)];硅膠,200目~300目;其余所用試劑均為分析純。
1.2 合成
(1)2的合成
在反應(yīng)瓶中加入CCl4300mL,113.70g(100mmol),NBS 19.60g(110mmol)和過氧化苯甲酰(BPO)0.10g(0.4mmol),攪拌下回流反應(yīng)5h(TLC跟蹤)。趁熱抽濾,濾液冷卻至室溫,析出大量白色針狀固體,抽濾,濾餅用少量乙醇洗滌,于室溫真空干燥得淡黃色固體217.26g,產(chǎn)率80%。
(2)3的合成
在反應(yīng)瓶中加入214.60g(68mmol),亞磷酸三乙酯112.00g(680mmol),于110℃反應(yīng)6h(TLC跟蹤)。減壓蒸除過量亞磷酸三乙酯,剩余物經(jīng)硅膠柱層析[洗脫劑:A=V(石油醚)∶V(乙酸乙酯)=3∶1]純化得淡黃褐色油狀液體312.93g,產(chǎn)率70%。
(3)5的合成
紅外燈照射下在研缽中加入t-BuOK 0.45g(4mmol),研磨使其呈粉末;加入40.30g(1mmol)和30.82g( 3mmol),快速研磨反應(yīng)5min~10min(TLC跟蹤)。經(jīng)硅膠柱層析(洗脫劑:A=3∶1)純化得紅色針狀固體50.25g,產(chǎn)率60%;1H NMRδ:8.19(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.56(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.42(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.28(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,=CH),6.92(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,=CH),6.62(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),4.24(q,J=8.0Hz,4H,CH2),4.18(s,4H,CH2in Et),1.29(t,J=8.0Hz,6H,CH3);13C NMRδ:170.4,148.4,146.1,144.6,133.1,128.4,126.4,126.2,124.1,122.7,112.6,61.2,53.4,14.2;IRν:3428,2984,2924,1755,1740,1584,1393,1337,1206,1107,1026,973,808cm-1;MSm/z: 412.20[M+]。
(4)7的合成
在反應(yīng)瓶中加入無水乙醇100mL,41.20g(4mmol)及61.01g(6mmol),攪拌下回流使其溶解;滴加哌啶3~5滴,回流反應(yīng)6h~8h(TLC跟蹤)。冷卻至室溫(析出大量固體),抽濾得紅色絮狀物,用乙醇洗滌數(shù)次后于室溫真空干燥得71.43g,產(chǎn)率80%;1H NMRδ:8.26(d,J=12.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.90(d,J=12.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.78(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.53(s,1H,=CH),6.68(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),4.27(q,J=8.0Hz,4H,CH2),4.21(s,4H,CH2in Et),1.30(t,J=8.0Hz,6H,CH3);13C NMRδ:169.7,150.6,147.1,145.0,141.6,132.1,126.0,124.2,123.0,118.2,112.3,103.7,61.5,53.3,14.2;IRν:3430,2993,2926,2211,1735,1717,1607,1575,1518,1335,1281,1198,1170,958,852,820cm-1;MSm/z: 437.18[M+]。
2.1 表征
由1H NMR分析可知,由4合成5和7后,4的醛基信號(hào)消失,同時(shí)5在7.28和6.92處,7在7.53處出現(xiàn)了烯鍵氫的信號(hào)峰,由于氰基的去屏蔽效應(yīng),7的烯鍵氫的峰向低場(chǎng)發(fā)生移動(dòng)。此外,5中兩烯氫間偶合常數(shù)達(dá)16.0Hz,證明二苯乙烯部分為反式結(jié)構(gòu)[13]。
IR分析表明,5和7主要吸收峰位置接近,但在2211cm-1處,7中出現(xiàn)氰基的C≡N伸縮振動(dòng)峰,因與烯鍵相連,峰向低波數(shù)方向移動(dòng)(一般飽和氰基的伸縮振動(dòng)峰在2260cm-1~2240cm-1)[14]。
2.2 光學(xué)性質(zhì)
(1)UV-Vis
圖1為5和7在乙腈中的UV-Vis譜圖。由圖1可見,5和7是D-π-A型共軛分子,電子離域程度高,因此,在410nm左右出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)吸收峰。5和7的摩爾吸光系數(shù)(ε)分別達(dá)4.0×104和3.1×104,可指認(rèn)為整個(gè)分子的分子內(nèi)電荷轉(zhuǎn)移(ICT),氰基的引入使得分子共軛體系增大,故7較5稍有紅移。285nm附近的吸收峰是反式二苯乙烯共軛體系的K吸收帶,躍遷類型歸屬1Ag→1Bu[15],其ε分別為3.2×104和8.2×103;7的強(qiáng)度減弱較大,這是由于氰基的存在造成的,同樣,長(zhǎng)波處的ICT強(qiáng)度亦有所下降。
(2)FL
圖2為5和7在苯中的FL譜圖。由圖2可見,5的熒光發(fā)射峰位于529nm,強(qiáng)度達(dá)2199;7的熒光發(fā)射峰位于503nm,強(qiáng)度為17。7較5熒光強(qiáng)度有明顯的淬滅,這是由于7中氰基的強(qiáng)吸電子效應(yīng)所致。
λ/nm
λ/nm
基于茋的發(fā)光性能,構(gòu)建了兩種一端含供電子基團(tuán)雙酯基氨基,另一端含強(qiáng)吸電子基硝基的D-π-A型茋類衍生物5和7,以期獲得光學(xué)性質(zhì)良好的新型茋類化合物。
該合成方法原料易得、合成路線簡(jiǎn)單、便于實(shí)施。光學(xué)性質(zhì)研究結(jié)果表明:5具有強(qiáng)熒光,但引入氰基所得7熒光基本淬滅。5和7中雙酯基易于水解形成N,N-雙羧酸結(jié)構(gòu),以此作為光功能配體,可選擇性地與金屬離子配位,在熒光探針等方面具有潛在的應(yīng)用價(jià)值[8-12],有待進(jìn)一步研究。
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SynthesisandOpticalPropertiesofNovelD-π-AStilbeneDerivatives
TAN Jing-yun, CHEN Yan-xin, SUN Lu, ZHOU Jia-zheng, TANG Chao, LI Sheng-li, WU Jie-ying
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)
1-(Bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzene(2)was prepared by bromination ofp-nitrotoluene withN-bromobutanimide.Diethyl 4-nitrobenzylphosphonate(3)was prepared by substitution reaction of2with triethyl phosphite.Two novel compounds(5and7)containing stilbene were synthesized by Wittig-Horner reaction of diethyl 4-formylphenyliminodiacetate with3or Knoevenagel condensation reaction with 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile,respectively.The structures were characterized by1H NMR,13C NMR,IR and ESI-MS.The optical properties of5and7were investigated by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra.The results showed thatλmaxof5and7were 410nm.Compared with the emission band of7,5presents a red shift of 26nm(529nm)and an emission intensity increment of 129times.
stilbene;Wittig-Horner reaction;Knoevenagel condensation reaction;synthesis;optical property
2013-07-15;
2014-06-13
國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(21071001);安徽省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(1208085MB22,1308085MB24);安徽省教育廳自然科學(xué)重點(diǎn)基金資助項(xiàng)目(KJ2012A025)
譚景云(1991-),男,漢族,江西贛州人,碩士研究生,主要從事光電功能材料的研究。
吳杰穎,教授,Tel.0551-63861279,E-mail: jywu1957@163.com
O625.1
A
1005-1511(2014)05-0-