張 迪, 王恩華
1.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院病理教研室,遼寧 沈陽110122;2.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院病理科,遼寧 沈陽110001
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δ-catenin與Cdc42在非小細(xì)胞肺癌中表達(dá)的相關(guān)性
張 迪1,2, 王恩華1,2
1.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院病理教研室,遼寧 沈陽110122;2.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院病理科,遼寧 沈陽110001
[摘要]背景與目的:δ-catenin是p120 catenin 亞家族中的成員,可與細(xì)胞膜上的E-cadherin直接結(jié)合,形成E-cadherin/catenin復(fù)合體。δ-catenin還可以通過調(diào)節(jié)Cdc42(Small GTP酶)活性以影響細(xì)胞骨架裝配。該研究檢測(cè)非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中δ-catenin及Cdc42的表達(dá)情況并探討了二者表達(dá)的相關(guān)性。方法:采用免疫組織化學(xué)方法檢測(cè)122例NSCLC標(biāo)本中δ-catenin與Cdc42的表達(dá)。采用蛋白[質(zhì)]印跡法(Western blot)及逆轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)法檢測(cè)肺癌組織中δ-catenin及Cdc42的蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)情況。在肺癌細(xì)胞系中,分別上調(diào)或干擾δ-catenin的表達(dá)后,利用G-LISA及Transwell小室法檢測(cè)Cdc42活性以及肺癌細(xì)胞侵襲能力的改變。結(jié)果:δ-catenin和Cdc42在肺癌組織中其蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于正常肺組織。而在122例NSCLC病例中,δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)率為65.57%(80/122),Cdc42過表達(dá)率為68.03%(83/122)。δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)和Cdc42的過表達(dá)具有較好的相關(guān)性(P<0.001)。δ-catenin和Cdc42的協(xié)同表達(dá)與肺癌的高臨床分期、低分化、病理類型為腺癌和淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān)(P<0.05),并且與肺癌患者的不良預(yù)后明顯相關(guān)。在肺癌細(xì)胞系中通過調(diào)節(jié)δ-catenin表達(dá),改變Cdc42的表達(dá)及活性,影響肺癌細(xì)胞的侵襲能力。結(jié)論:在肺癌組織中δ-catenin和Cdc42的表達(dá)具有相關(guān)性,而二者協(xié)同表達(dá)與患者不良預(yù)后相關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]δ-catenin; Cdc42; Small GTP酶;非小細(xì)胞肺癌;預(yù)后
Correspondence to: WANG Enhua E-mail: wangeh@hotmail.com
δ-catenin作為p120catenin(p120ctn)亞家族中的重要成員(包括p120ctn、δ-catenin、ARVCF、p0071和plakophilins 1/2/3)[1]。最早發(fā)現(xiàn)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)表達(dá)δ-catenin,并具有促進(jìn)突觸生長(zhǎng)的功能[2]。δ-catenin與同家族的p120的結(jié)構(gòu)及作用相似[1],具有9個(gè)Arm重復(fù)序列[3-4],與p120共同在細(xì)胞膜上的E-cadherin(E-cad)擁有相同的近膜結(jié)構(gòu)域(juxtamembrane domain,JMD)結(jié)合位點(diǎn)[5],可以通過與E-cad直接結(jié)合形成E-cadherin/catenin復(fù)合體,調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞間的粘附。
據(jù)報(bào)道,δ-catenin還可以通過對(duì)Small GTP酶活性的調(diào)節(jié)來影響細(xì)胞骨架生長(zhǎng)[6-7]。Cdc42 是Small GTP 的核心成員,它們?cè)诖x中存在與GTP結(jié)合的活化型和與GDP結(jié)合的失活型,兩種形式好像分子開關(guān)般動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)actin細(xì)胞骨架的裝配,并引發(fā)各種生物學(xué)反應(yīng),例如細(xì)胞的形態(tài)、趨化和細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)等[8-9]。
因此,推測(cè)在肺癌組織中,δ-catenin與Cdc42之間很可能存在著聯(lián)系。本研究檢測(cè)了122例非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)樣本中δ-catenin及Cdc42的表達(dá)情況并探討了它們的表達(dá)與臨床病理因素的關(guān)系。同時(shí),在肺癌細(xì)胞系中分別過表達(dá)或干擾δ-catenin進(jìn)而影響肺癌細(xì)胞的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移。
1.1標(biāo)本來源與患者資料
122例具有隨訪資料的原發(fā)性肺鱗癌、腺癌來自1998—2005年在中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院行外科手術(shù)切除的標(biāo)本存檔蠟塊。其中男性62例,女性60例,年齡33~80歲,中位年齡為59歲。按2004年WHO肺腫瘤組織學(xué)分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其中鱗癌55例,腺癌67例。高分化30例,中分化58例,低分化34例。按照國(guó)際抗癌聯(lián)盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)于2002年修訂的腫瘤pTNM分期標(biāo)準(zhǔn),Ⅰ期18例,Ⅱ期40例,Ⅲ期57例,Ⅳ期7例。所有患者術(shù)前均未接受放化療,術(shù)后常規(guī)化療。標(biāo)本均經(jīng)4%中性甲醛溶液固定,石蠟包埋。此外,切除35例新鮮肺癌及癌旁正常肺組織,立即放入-70 ℃環(huán)境下保存,以備將來提取蛋白及RNA。
另外,對(duì)122例中的60例進(jìn)行了詳實(shí)的術(shù)后隨訪,生存時(shí)間的計(jì)算是從手術(shù)日期到由于復(fù)發(fā)或轉(zhuǎn)移而死亡的日期或末次隨訪日期為止。
1.2免疫組織化學(xué)染色與結(jié)果判定
標(biāo)本組織制成4 μm連續(xù)切片,二甲苯脫蠟和梯度酒精水化后,經(jīng)檸檬酸鹽緩沖液(pH 為6.0)高壓抗原修復(fù),再經(jīng)3%H2O2滅活內(nèi)源性過氧化物酶活性,非免疫血清封閉非特異性位點(diǎn),之后切片與單克隆抗體δ-catenin (l∶50,美國(guó)Santa公司)和Cdc42 (1∶100,美國(guó)Santa公司)在4 ℃條件下溫育過夜。再加生物素標(biāo)記的山羊抗小鼠二抗(1∶500),采用DAB顯色。PBS代替一抗做陰性對(duì)照。
對(duì)122例NSCLC標(biāo)本采用免疫組織化學(xué)SP方法檢測(cè)δ-catenin與Cdc42的表達(dá)以及與各臨床病理因素之間的關(guān)系,此外還檢測(cè)60例隨訪標(biāo)本中δ-catenin與Cdc42的表達(dá)與患者預(yù)后的關(guān)系。觀察δ-catenin在腫瘤組織的表達(dá),計(jì)數(shù)400個(gè)腫瘤細(xì)胞并計(jì)算其中陽性染色細(xì)胞的百分?jǐn)?shù)。δ-catenin的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[10]:免疫染色的強(qiáng)度(0為陰性,1為弱陽性,2為中等陽性,3為強(qiáng)陽性);免疫染色的陽性腫瘤細(xì)胞數(shù)(陰性記0分,1%~25%記1分,26%~50%記2分,51%~75%記3分,大于等于76%記4分)。最終分?jǐn)?shù)即為兩項(xiàng)評(píng)分的乘積。為了便于統(tǒng)計(jì),將評(píng)分結(jié)果分為兩組:小于2為陰性表達(dá);大于等于2為陽性表達(dá)。對(duì)Cdc42進(jìn)行免疫組織化學(xué)檢測(cè),每張切片隨機(jī)選取5個(gè)高倍視野,每個(gè)視野計(jì)數(shù)100個(gè)瘤細(xì)胞,無著色為-,陽性細(xì)胞數(shù)小于等于25%為+,26%~75%為++,大于等于76%為+++。Cdc42細(xì)胞質(zhì)表達(dá)-~+定義為表達(dá)正常,將++~+++定義為過度表達(dá)[11]。將δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)和Cdc42的過表達(dá)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的情況,稱為協(xié)同表達(dá)。
1.3細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與質(zhì)粒構(gòu)建轉(zhuǎn)染
人肺腺癌細(xì)胞系H460、LK2(美國(guó)Manassas公司),分別培養(yǎng)于含10%滅活胎牛血清、2.3 g/L NaHCO3、100 U/mL青鏈霉素的RPMI-1640和高糖DMEM(美國(guó)Gibco公司)培養(yǎng)液中,于37 ℃、CO2體積分?jǐn)?shù)為5%的濕潤(rùn)空氣培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)。每2 d用0.25%胰酶消化傳代。
利用脂質(zhì)體LipofectamineTM2000(美國(guó)Invitrogen公司)將含人源性全長(zhǎng)δ-catenin cDNA的質(zhì)粒(pCMV5-FLAG/δ-catenin),導(dǎo)入δ-catenin表達(dá)較低的LK2細(xì)胞系,并以空載體作為陰性對(duì)照。另將設(shè)計(jì)的δ-catenin siRNA (5’-CUACGUUGACUUCUACUCAUU-3’,5’-UGAGUAGAAGUCAACGUAGUU-3’),利用脂質(zhì)體L i p o f e c t a m i n eT M2 0 0 0導(dǎo)入δ-catenin表達(dá)較高的H460細(xì)胞系,同時(shí)以非特異性的亂序s i R N A作為陰性對(duì)照(5’-UUCUCCGAACUUGUCACAUUU-3’,5’-AUGUGACAAGUUCGGAGAAUU -3’)。
1.4蛋白[質(zhì)]印跡法(Western blot)檢測(cè)
取適量肺癌組織和細(xì)胞加入裂解液,在冰浴下超聲處理,低溫高速離心(4 ℃,21 400×g,30 min),收集上清液。將總蛋白的裂解產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE電泳后,轉(zhuǎn)印至PVDF膜。加入單克隆抗體δ-catenin (1∶200)、Cdc42(l∶300),4 ℃溫育過夜,用山羊抗小鼠二抗37 ℃溫育2 h,ECL發(fā)光并曝光膠片,經(jīng)BioImaging System測(cè)定蛋白條帶灰度值。以GAPDH為內(nèi)對(duì)照,并取其與δ-catenin的比值做為相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
1.5逆轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)檢測(cè)
采用TRIzol試劑(美國(guó)Invitrogen公司)提取肺癌組織和細(xì)胞總RNA,利用RNA PCR Kit(AMV)Ver. 3.0試劑盒[寶生物工程(大連)有限公司]進(jìn)行RT-PCR檢測(cè),引物序列和反應(yīng)條件見表1。RT-PCR產(chǎn)物于1.5%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,用自動(dòng)電泳凝膠成像分析系統(tǒng)(Bio-imaging Systems),測(cè)定擴(kuò)增帶灰度值,以GAPDH為內(nèi)參照,得到mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
表 1 引物序列和反應(yīng)條件Tab. 1 Primer sequences and reaction conditions
1.6Cdc42活性的檢測(cè)
采用Cdc42 G-LISATM比色法試劑盒(美國(guó)Cytoskeleton公司)分析Cdc42活性。將預(yù)備好的各細(xì)胞系裂解液加入可特異結(jié)合活性Cdc42(綁定GTP)的孔板小室中,緩沖液清洗其他成分后,利用分光光度計(jì)(BD轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)實(shí)驗(yàn)室)檢測(cè)活性Cdc42在490 nm波長(zhǎng)處的吸收度。
1.7基質(zhì)膠侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)(Transwell小室法)
按照BD公司說明操作,上室內(nèi)加入100 μL 1∶4稀釋的Matrigel基質(zhì)膠(美國(guó)BD Biosciences公司),在37 ℃、CO2體積分?jǐn)?shù)為5%的條件下放置2 h。取100 μL細(xì)胞懸液滴入上室內(nèi)(3×105個(gè)/mL),下室加入含有10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)液,上、下室之間用孔徑為8 μm孔徑的Transwell微孔濾膜(美國(guó)Corning公司)分開,轉(zhuǎn)染后24 h,瘤細(xì)胞被接種到基質(zhì)膠,將小室置37 ℃、CO2體積分?jǐn)?shù)為5%的條件下分別放置24 h。棄去上室內(nèi)液體,擦盡膜上Matrigel基質(zhì)膠,用100%甲醇固定30 min,常規(guī)蘇木精染色,顯微鏡下隨機(jī)計(jì)數(shù)5個(gè)視野(×400)的侵襲到微孔膜下表面的細(xì)胞。
1.8統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
應(yīng)用SPSS for Windows 13.0 (SPSS Inc.,Chicago, IL, USA)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。免疫組織化學(xué)結(jié)果采用Pearson’s Chi-Square檢驗(yàn)。Western blot和RT-PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果采用Student’s t檢驗(yàn)。患者生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法,logrank檢驗(yàn)患者生存率的差別。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
圖 1 δ-catenin和Cdc42在正常肺組織和肺鱗癌、腺癌中的表達(dá)Fig. 1 δ-catenin and Cdc42 expression in normal lung tissue, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (SP, ×200)δ-catenin (A) and Cdc42 (B) were expressed at low levels in the bronchial epithelial cells of the adjacent normal lung tissues. The expression of δ-catenin was positive in the cytoplasm of lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (C and E). Cdc42 was over expressed in the cytoplasm of lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells (D and F)
2.1δ-catenin的陽性表達(dá)與Cdc42的過表達(dá)一致性和相關(guān)性檢測(cè)結(jié)果
本研究采用免疫組織化學(xué)方法檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn),δ-catenin和Rac1在正常支氣管上皮細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞質(zhì)中呈弱表達(dá)或不表達(dá),而在肺癌組織中,二者表達(dá)均明顯增高。在122例NSCLC病例中,δ-catenin陰性表達(dá)為42例,陽性表達(dá)為80例,陽性表達(dá)率為65.57% (80/122);Cdc42在肺癌組織中的表達(dá)明顯強(qiáng)于支氣管黏膜上皮細(xì)胞,其過表達(dá)率為68.03%(83/122)(圖1)。Cdc42的過表達(dá)與δ-catenin的陽性表達(dá)具有較好的相關(guān)性(表2,P<0.001)。本研究又分析了在肺癌組織中,δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)而同時(shí)Cdc42過表達(dá)(協(xié)同表達(dá))的病例與臨床病理因素的關(guān)系(表3)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),肺腺癌中的協(xié)同表達(dá)率為64.18%(43/67),明顯高于鱗癌的45.45%(25/55,P<0.05);低分化中的協(xié)同表達(dá)率為70.59%(24/34),明顯高于高中分化的50.00%(44/88,P<0.05);Ⅲ~Ⅳ期的協(xié)同表達(dá)率為65.63%(42/64),顯著高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的44.83%(26/58,P<0.05);有LN轉(zhuǎn)移的病例協(xié)同表達(dá)率是62.35%(53/85),也明顯高于無LN轉(zhuǎn)移病例的40.54%(15/37,P<0.05)。但協(xié)同表達(dá)與患者年齡和性別均未見關(guān)聯(lián)性(P>0.05)。
表 2 δ-catenin與Cdc42在肺癌中表達(dá)的相關(guān)性Tab. 2 Correlation between δ-catenin and Cdc42 in lung cancer
2.2δ-catenin和Cdc42的協(xié)同表達(dá)與患者的臨床病理因素及不良預(yù)后的關(guān)系
當(dāng)δ-catenin和Cdc42協(xié)同表達(dá)時(shí),患者的平均生存時(shí)間和生存率明顯低于其在陰性表達(dá)時(shí)患者 (圖2,P<0.05)。因而,δ-catenin和Cdc42協(xié)同表達(dá)與患者的不良預(yù)后明顯相關(guān)。
2.3肺癌組織中δ-catenin和Cdc42的表達(dá)情況
本研究利用Western blot法檢測(cè)δ-catenin和Cdc42的蛋白表達(dá)情況。結(jié)果顯示,在癌旁正常肺組織中可見δ-catenin蛋白表達(dá)量較低,而在肺癌組織中其表達(dá)明顯增強(qiáng)。Cdc42在肺癌組織中的表達(dá)也明顯高于正常肺組織(圖3 A,B)。RT-PCR檢測(cè)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了我們?cè)赪estern blot中觀察到的結(jié)果,在肺癌組織中δ-catenin和Cdc42的表達(dá)增均明顯增強(qiáng)(圖3 C,D)。
表 3 δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)和Cdc42過表達(dá)(協(xié)同表達(dá))與臨床病理因素的關(guān)系Tab. 3 The relationship between δ-catenin and Cdc42 expression and clinicopathological factors
圖 2 Kaplan-Meier生存分析法檢驗(yàn)δ-catenin和Cdc42協(xié)同表達(dá)與患者的不良預(yù)后的相關(guān)性Fig. 2 Kaplan-Meier was used for examining the relationship between co-expression of δ-catenin and Cdc42 and poor prognosis of patients
2.4過表達(dá)及沉默δ-catenin對(duì)Cdc42表達(dá)及活性的影響
為了探討δ-catenin對(duì)Rac1的影響,本研究分別檢測(cè)了過表達(dá)與沉默δ-catenin后Cdc42的表達(dá)及活性變化。分析顯示,在H460細(xì)胞系中沉默δ-catenin后, Cdc42表達(dá)及活性下降(圖4,P<0.05);而在LK2細(xì)胞系過表達(dá)δ-catenin后,Cdc42表達(dá)及活性明顯增加(圖5,P<0.05)。
2.5δ-catenin過表達(dá)和表達(dá)下調(diào)對(duì)肺癌細(xì)胞侵襲的影響
利用基質(zhì)膠侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)δ-catenin過表達(dá)或干擾其表達(dá)后肺癌細(xì)胞侵襲能力的變化(圖6)。δ-catenin過表達(dá)后48 h,平均侵襲的細(xì)胞數(shù)為48.38個(gè),明顯高于對(duì)照組的20.55個(gè)(P<0.05);而在干擾δ-catenin后48 h,平均侵襲的細(xì)胞數(shù)為27.70個(gè),顯著低于相應(yīng)對(duì)照組的47.13個(gè)(P<0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明,上調(diào)δ-catenin表達(dá)可以促進(jìn)肺癌細(xì)胞的增殖與侵襲能力,而下調(diào)δ-catenin表達(dá)則抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖與侵襲能力。
圖 3 在肺癌組織中(T1~T3)中δ-catenin和Cdc42的蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于癌旁正常肺組織(N1~N3)Fig. 3 The protein and mRNA expressions of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in lung cancer tissues (T1-T3) were significantly higher than those in normal lung tissues (N1-N3)
圖 4 Western blot、RT-PCR及G-LISATM檢測(cè)H460細(xì)胞系中沉默δ-catenin后Cdc42的蛋白及mRNA的表達(dá)情況及GTP-Cdc42活性Fig. 4 The protein and mRNA expressions of Cdc42 after knocking down δ-catenin in H460 cell line, and the GTP-Cdc42 activity detected by Western blot, RT-PCR and G-LISATM
圖 5 Western blot、RT-PCR及G-LISATM檢測(cè)LK2細(xì)胞系中過表達(dá)δ-catenin后Cdc42的蛋白及mRNA的表達(dá)情況及GTP-Cdc42活性Fig. 5 The protein and mRNA expressions of Cdc42 after δ-catenin up-regulation in LK2 cell line, and the GTP-Cdc42 activity detected by Western blot, RT-PCR and G-LISATM
圖 6 Transwell檢測(cè)δ-catenin過表達(dá)及表達(dá)下調(diào)對(duì)肺癌細(xì)胞的侵襲的影響Fig. 6 The effect of δ-catenin up-regulation and down-regulation on the invasion of lung cancer cells detected by Transwell test
δ-catenin和Cdc42在惡性腫瘤組織中的表達(dá)情況已有報(bào)道[12-19]。但是二者在肺癌組織中的表達(dá)是否具有相關(guān)性,以及這種相關(guān)性與臨床病理因素和患者預(yù)后的關(guān)系等還未見報(bào)道,因而,本研究對(duì)122例NSCLC病例進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在肺癌組織中,δ-catenin在細(xì)胞質(zhì)中的表達(dá)增強(qiáng),其蛋白及mRNA表達(dá)水平明顯高于正常肺組織,而我們檢測(cè)到Cdc42在肺鱗癌和腺癌中也存在過表達(dá)。同時(shí)δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)和Cdc42的過表達(dá)具有較好的相關(guān)性和一致性,其協(xié)同表達(dá)與肺癌的高臨床分期、低分化、腺癌和淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān),并且與腫瘤的不良預(yù)后明顯相關(guān)。
本研究檢測(cè)到δ-catenin陽性表達(dá)與Cdc42過表達(dá)存在明顯的相關(guān)性,同時(shí)δ-catenin表達(dá)增高時(shí),Cdc42的表達(dá)及活性也明顯增強(qiáng)。已知Cdc42是Small GTP酶家族中的核心成員[20],它們存在著與GTP結(jié)合的活化狀態(tài)和與GDP結(jié)合的失活狀態(tài)的可能。Cdc42的激活可以影響腫瘤細(xì)胞間的粘附功能[5,11],導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞偽足的延展,這必將導(dǎo)致腫瘤細(xì)胞具有更強(qiáng)的移動(dòng)能力,有利于細(xì)胞向遠(yuǎn)處的游走[21-22]。這提示δ-catenin可通過調(diào)節(jié)Cdc42的表達(dá)與活性,促進(jìn)腫瘤的侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移。
總之,本研究在肺癌組織中發(fā)現(xiàn)δ-catenin 與Cdc42存在協(xié)同表達(dá),而這種協(xié)同表達(dá)也與NSCLC患者的臨床病理因素及預(yù)后不良密切相關(guān)。此外,δ-catenin可以調(diào)節(jié)Cdc42的表達(dá)與活性,影響肺癌細(xì)胞侵襲能力。
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Correlation between δ-catenin and Cdc42 expression in non-small cell lung cancer
ZHANG Di1,2,WANG Enhua1,2(1.Department of Pathology, the College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China; 2. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China)
[Key words]δ-catenin; Cdc42; Small GTPase; Non-small cell lung cancer; Prognosis
[Abstract]Background and purpose: δ-catenin is a member of the p120 catenin subfamily, which can directly bind to E-cadherin on the cell membrane, forming E-cadherin/catenin complex. δ-catenin can also affect the cytoskeleton assembly by regulating the activity of Cdc42 (Small GTPase). Therefore, this study detected the expression of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and investigated the relationship between them. Methods: The expressions of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in 122 cases of NSCLC were detected by immunohistochemistry. This study also used Western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR)to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in lung cancer tissues. After up-regulating or downregulating δ-catenin in lung cancer cell line, the activity of Cdc42 and invasion ability of lung cancer cells were detected by G-LISA and Transwell. Results: The mRNA and protein expression of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues. In 122 NSCLC cases, the δ-catenin positive expression rate was 65.57% (80/122), and the Cdc42 overexpression rate was 68.03% (83/122). There was a good correlation between δ-catenin positive expression and Cdc42 overexpression (P<0.001). The co-expression of δ-catenin and Cdc42 was related to the high clinical stage, poor differentiation, adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer(P<0.05), and was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In the lung cancer cell line,the expression and the activity of Cdc42 were changed by regulating the δ-catenin expression, which affected invasion ability of the lung cancer cells. Conclusion: The δ-catenin expression was significantly correlated with the Cdc42 expression. The co-expression of δ-catenin and Cdc42 in lung cancer was correlated with the poor prognosis of lung cancer.
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2016.03.004
中圖分類號(hào):R734.2
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號(hào):1007-3639(2016)03-0221-09
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(81101779)。
通信作者:王恩華 E-mail:wangeh@hotmail.com
收稿日期:(2015-10-03 修回日期:2016-02-20)