彭凱玥 錢曉文 吳冰冰 黃志恒 蘆軍萍 翟曉文 王慧君 鄭翠芳 黃 瑛
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·論著·
臍血干細(xì)胞移植治療白介素10受體A基因突變導(dǎo)致的極早發(fā)型炎癥性腸病1例病例報(bào)告并文獻(xiàn)復(fù)習(xí)
彭凱玥1,4錢曉文2,4吳冰冰3黃志恒1蘆軍萍1翟曉文2王慧君3鄭翠芳1黃瑛1
目的通過(guò)IL-10RA基因突變導(dǎo)致的炎癥性腸病 (IBD)病例,進(jìn)一步深化認(rèn)識(shí)極早發(fā)型IBD (VEO-IBD)的特點(diǎn)。方法 報(bào)告1例VEO-IBD臨床診斷(癥狀、體征和腸鏡),全外顯子組測(cè)序(WES)明確病因,臍血干細(xì)胞移植精準(zhǔn)治療的過(guò)程。結(jié)果患兒,女,44 d,足月,生后8 d始腹瀉呈進(jìn)行性加重(多至每天10~20次),持續(xù)間斷發(fā)熱,重度營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良?;純航憬?月齡反復(fù)發(fā)熱、腹瀉和鵝口瘡,5月齡時(shí)疑尿道瘺不治死亡。入復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬兒科醫(yī)院4 d外陰皮膚紅腫,漸形成肛瘺,體重2.6 kg。腸鏡示直腸黏膜增生性病變,乙狀結(jié)腸、降結(jié)腸可見(jiàn)縱行潰瘍和鵝卵石樣增生。予抗感染、沙利度胺6 mg·d-1和美沙拉秦150 mg·d-1控制腸道炎癥反應(yīng),腸道內(nèi)外營(yíng)養(yǎng)支持等對(duì)癥治療。行WES明確為IL-10RA基因缺陷,獲得同性別無(wú)關(guān)供者HLA基因位點(diǎn)8/10的臍血行干細(xì)胞移植。移植后12周嵌合體率95.7%,Sanger測(cè)序及蛋白功能驗(yàn)證IL-10RA基因突變點(diǎn)被修復(fù),IL-10信號(hào)通路軸功能恢復(fù)正常?;純捍蟊阒饾u成型,體重5.2 kg,結(jié)腸鏡顯示腸黏膜愈合,僅見(jiàn)少量增生和疤痕,移植后10個(gè)月大便鈣衛(wèi)蛋白72 μg·g-1。結(jié)論臍血干細(xì)胞移植作為治療IL-10RA基因突變導(dǎo)致的VEO-IBD方法,值得積累更多的病例。
炎癥性腸??;極早發(fā)型;全外顯子測(cè)序;白介素10受體A基因;臍血;干細(xì)胞移植
AbstractObjectiveTo deepen the understanding of the characteristics of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) , an infant diagnosed as VEO-IBD due toIL-10RAmutation was reported. MethodsAn infant was dianosed as VEO-IBD based on her clinical manifestations and colonoscopy character. The whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to confirm the gene deficiency, and the patient was treated by umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation (UCBT).ResultsA 44-day-old, full-term, female infant remained healthy until developing diarrhea(up to 10 to 20 times per day) on postnatal day 8 with recurrent fever and severe malnutrition. The patient's older sister presented the similar manifestations (recurrent fever, diarrhea and thrush) at one month after birth and died of suspected urethral fistula at the age of 5 months. The patient displayed the perianal abscess which progressed to a fistula with the body weight going down to 2.6 kg 4 days after admission to Children's Hospital of Fudan University. Colonoscopy showed hyperplastic lesions in rectum, straight ulcerations and cobblestone-like appearance in sigmoid colon and descending colon. Thalidomide 6 mg, qd and mesalazine 150mg, qd were used to control intestinal inflammation with enteral and parenteral nutrition support.IL-10RAgene deficiency was confirmed by Sanger sequencing, and umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation was performed. The stem cells were obtained from an unrelated sex-matched and 8/10 HLA allele-matched UCB. Chimerism was 95.7% 12 weeks after transplantation.IL-10RAgene deficiency and malfunction returning to normal were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and western blotting. The patient's formed stool appeared gradually with the body weigh increasing to 5.2 kg. Colonoscopy showed mucosal healing. At 10 months after transplantation, stool calprotectin was normal (72 μg·g-1).ConclusionThe umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation is a promising treatment for VEO-IBD due toIL-10RAmutation. It is worth to gather more experiences.
患兒,女,漢族,44 d,因“生后8 d腹瀉至今,間斷發(fā)熱10余d”至復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬兒科醫(yī)院(我院)就診,以“嬰兒腹瀉病、重度營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良、中度貧血”為主要診斷收入我院。
患兒系G3P2,第1胎系人工流產(chǎn),第2胎系足月女嬰,1月齡反復(fù)發(fā)熱、腹瀉和鵝口瘡,5月齡時(shí)出現(xiàn)可疑尿道瘺,醫(yī)治無(wú)效死亡(未行尸解)。父母否認(rèn)近親婚配,體格健康?;純撼錾w重3.7 kg,足月順產(chǎn),出生史未見(jiàn)異常記載,生后人工喂養(yǎng)。
患兒生后8 d無(wú)明顯誘因出現(xiàn)腹瀉,呈進(jìn)行性加重(5~10·d-1至10~20·d-1),稀水樣便中含黃色糞渣和奶瓣,余無(wú)明顯不適。在外院曾兩度住院,第1次入院時(shí)WBC、CRP增高,大便含大量膿細(xì)胞,診斷“新生兒敗血癥、新生兒肺炎、牛奶蛋白過(guò)敏”,采用多種抗生素治療,水解氨基酸配方奶營(yíng)養(yǎng)等對(duì)癥支持治療好轉(zhuǎn)出院。出院后第2天因體溫38℃再次入院,WBC 18.3×109·L-1,CRP>200 mg·L-1,住院期間發(fā)熱、腹瀉難以控制,病情危重轉(zhuǎn)入我院。
入院查體:體重3.0 kg,身長(zhǎng)54 cm。重度營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良貌,精神反應(yīng)差。未見(jiàn)特殊面容,前胸部可見(jiàn)陳舊性皮疹,腹壁稍膨隆,肛門口可見(jiàn)陳舊性斑丘疹、外生殖器未見(jiàn)異常。心、肺查體未見(jiàn)異常,腹壁脂肪約0.2 cm,腸鳴音可,觸碰無(wú)哭吵。血常規(guī)WBC 16.4×109·L-1,N 0.76,PLT 124×109·L-1,Hb 80.2 g·L-1,CRP>160 mg·L-1;AST 91 U·L-1,ALT 71 U·L-1,ALB 24.7 g·L-1。大便常規(guī) WBC 30~40·HP-1,隱血陰性;大便培養(yǎng)和乳糖酶檢測(cè)陰性,免疫細(xì)胞功能、數(shù)量正常。入院后禁食,美羅培南抗感染,IVIG、部分靜脈營(yíng)養(yǎng)支持治療,病情持續(xù)無(wú)好轉(zhuǎn)。
入我院第4天查體發(fā)現(xiàn)患兒外陰皮膚紅腫,左側(cè)臀部見(jiàn)范圍約2.0 cm×1.0 cm×1.5 cm包塊,無(wú)局部紅熱(圖1A),觸之哭鬧明顯;第8天,予以胃腸鏡檢查,胃鏡檢查示淺表性胃炎,腸鏡檢查直腸可見(jiàn)黏膜增生性病變,乙狀結(jié)腸、降結(jié)腸可見(jiàn)縱行潰瘍和鵝卵石樣增生(圖2A,B)。腸鏡印象:結(jié)腸多發(fā)潰瘍,不排除炎癥性腸病(IBD)。因患兒腸壁菲薄未行病理活檢。第11天肛周膿腫破潰膿液流出并切開(kāi)引流,形成肛瘺(圖1B,C)。體重降至2.6 kg。
圖1本文患兒臀部包塊,破潰形成肛瘺
注A:左側(cè)臀部見(jiàn)范圍約2.0 cm×1.0 cm×1.5 cm包塊;B,C:肛周膿腫破潰膿液流出并切開(kāi)引流,形成肛瘺
圖2本文患兒腸鏡所見(jiàn)
注A,B:入院時(shí)腸鏡示直腸黏膜增生性病變,乙狀結(jié)腸、降結(jié)腸可見(jiàn)縱行潰瘍和鵝卵石樣增生;C,D:臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)后5個(gè)月腸黏膜愈合,僅見(jiàn)少量增生和疤痕
根據(jù)患兒生后8 d起病,反復(fù)腹瀉、肛周病變、低體重,炎癥指標(biāo)高,結(jié)合腸鏡所見(jiàn)和陽(yáng)性家族史,懷疑極早發(fā)型IBD (VEO-IBD) ,基于炎癥及免疫反應(yīng)同時(shí)存在,告知家屬相關(guān)不良反應(yīng)后,第9天加用沙利度胺6 mg·d-1。此后至第5周體溫37.7~38.3℃,WBC (13.3~36.1)×109·L-1,CRP 86~160 mg·L-1,腹瀉無(wú)改善,大便常規(guī)WBC 70~80·HP-1?;純洪L(zhǎng)期使用廣譜抗生素、留置深靜脈管、G試驗(yàn)增高,先后予美羅培南聯(lián)合萬(wàn)古霉素、氟康唑抗感染, 美沙拉秦150 mg·d-1控制腸道炎癥反應(yīng),根據(jù)病情變化隨時(shí)調(diào)整腸內(nèi)外營(yíng)養(yǎng)方案。入院后第6周考慮患兒病因不明且病情復(fù)雜,結(jié)合患兒家族史,根據(jù)VEO-IBD相關(guān)單基因突變的報(bào)道,經(jīng)患兒家長(zhǎng)知情同意后行全外顯子組測(cè)序(WES)。WES預(yù)報(bào)告為白介素10受體(IL-10R)基因缺陷,征得家長(zhǎng)知情同意送檢患兒血樣完善HLA配型,擬行臍血干細(xì)胞移植。第11周起腹脹明顯(圖3A),禁食、胃腸減壓等綜合治療不能緩解,大便次數(shù)逐漸減少至每日3~5次,X線腹片顯示散在氣液平,懷疑腸道梗阻。直腸指檢提示肛管狹窄,輔助排氣小號(hào)肛管置入困難提示直腸狹窄存在。第13周順利行全麻下橫結(jié)腸造瘺術(shù)(圖3B),術(shù)后無(wú)并發(fā)癥。第13周開(kāi)始經(jīng)口喂養(yǎng)奶量至30~75 mL,需頻繁更換造瘺袋,造瘺袋中仍可見(jiàn)水樣糞便伴奶瓣。WES正式報(bào)告證實(shí)IL-10RA基因編碼區(qū)外顯子3存在c.299T>T/GG (p.V100G),c.301C>C/T(p.R101W)雜合突變。
圖3本文患兒腹脹和橫結(jié)腸造瘺術(shù)所見(jiàn)
注A:腹脹明顯;B:橫結(jié)腸造瘺
根據(jù)前期HLA配型(上海臍血庫(kù))結(jié)果,同性別無(wú)關(guān)供者HLA基因位點(diǎn)8/10的臍血,擇機(jī)于第20周行臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)。參考文獻(xiàn)[1]制定減低劑量骨髓抑制方案:氟達(dá)拉賓160 mg·m-2+白消安8 mg·kg-1+環(huán)磷酰胺100 mg·kg-1。給予他克莫司預(yù)防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),入院第137天(0 d)回輸臍血,總細(xì)胞數(shù)51.5×107·kg-1, CD34+細(xì)胞14.9×105·kg-1,+3 d靜脈推注環(huán)磷酰胺(15 mg·kg-1)1次,圖4顯示, WBC、N和PLT計(jì)數(shù)2個(gè)月后逐漸恢復(fù)至正常水平。+28 d出現(xiàn)了Ⅱ級(jí)急性GVHD,累及皮膚及胃腸,甲潑尼龍短期沖擊治療后緩解。+2、+4、+8、+12周嵌合體率分別為98.6%、98.5%、95.7%。+3個(gè)月行Sanger測(cè)序及蛋白功能驗(yàn)證,IL-10RA基因突變點(diǎn)被修復(fù),IL-10信號(hào)通路軸功能恢復(fù)正常?;純捍蟊阒饾u成型,+100 d體重5.2 kg,+5個(gè)月結(jié)腸鏡顯示腸黏膜愈合,僅見(jiàn)少量增生和疤痕(圖2C~D)。+7個(gè)月(13月齡)身長(zhǎng)、體重、頭圍分別為63.2 cm、6.6 kg、42.5 cm,分別位于WHO兒童生長(zhǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的0%、0.3%、0.2%(圖5),體重較身長(zhǎng)有更明顯追趕生長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),+10個(gè)月大便鈣衛(wèi)蛋白72 μg·g-1(正常參考值<200 μg·g-1)。
2.1WES取患兒及其父母靜脈血3 mL置EDTA抗凝管中混勻。QIAamp DNA微小試劑盒(美國(guó)Qiagen公司)提取基因組DNA。Nanodrop 分光光度計(jì)(美國(guó)Thermo公司)測(cè)定DNA濃度。TruSeqTM外顯子富集試劑盒(Illumina, USA)捕獲外顯子。按Hiseq2500標(biāo)準(zhǔn)流程行PE100測(cè)序。按Q20標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩選得到高質(zhì)量的測(cè)序結(jié)果。
測(cè)序原始數(shù)據(jù)使用Burrows-Wheeler Aligner軟件(BWA)、 Picard 、GATK進(jìn)行初步數(shù)據(jù)分析處理, 得到變異位點(diǎn)共63 192個(gè)。采用我院已經(jīng)建立的WES數(shù)據(jù)分析流程[2],進(jìn)行逐步篩選,圖6顯示,得到118個(gè)變異位點(diǎn)行下一步人工篩選。
圖4 本文患兒臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)后WBC、N和PLT計(jì)數(shù)變化
圖5本文患兒臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)前后身長(zhǎng)和體重水平
注參考WHO兒童生長(zhǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,藍(lán)色圓點(diǎn)為本文病例不同月齡的身長(zhǎng)和體重測(cè)量值
檢測(cè)到符合先證者主要臨床表型及遺傳模式的可能致病基因1個(gè),即IL-10RA基因編碼區(qū)外顯子3 c.299T>T/G (p.V100G)和c.301C>C/T(p.R101W)2個(gè)雜合變異。
圖6全外顯子測(cè)序數(shù)據(jù)突變篩選流程
其中,p.R101W為 HGMD數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已報(bào)道的IBD致病突變,患兒母親攜帶該突變;p.V100G為未報(bào)道的臨床意義不明位點(diǎn),患兒父親攜帶該變異。p.V100G位點(diǎn)在各物種間高度保守,多個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)軟件提示該變異可能影響蛋白質(zhì)功能,為新的未報(bào)道的可能致病位點(diǎn)。
2.2Sanger測(cè)序首先對(duì)高通量測(cè)序所檢測(cè)到的可疑致病基因及突變位點(diǎn)行生物信息學(xué)分析,確定突變的性質(zhì);其次對(duì)致病性突變進(jìn)行遺傳學(xué)分析。采用Bigdye3.0(美國(guó)ABI) 3500xl DNA Analyzer (美國(guó) Thermo Fisher)行Sanger驗(yàn)證,測(cè)序結(jié)果采用Mutation Surveyor (V.4.0.9)分析(圖7)。證實(shí)WES的IL-10RA基因在該家系的檢測(cè)結(jié)果。
采集患兒外周血4 mL于肝素鈉抗凝管,提取外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞(PBMCs)對(duì)其IL-10信號(hào)通路功能與健康兒童進(jìn)行對(duì)比。嚴(yán)格按照淋巴細(xì)胞分離液(Ficoll)分離PBMCs,用含有10%胎牛血清的1640細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基將細(xì)胞配成合適濃度加入6孔板中,分別采用IL-10(美國(guó) Prospec公司),IL-6(美國(guó) Prospec公司) 刺激患兒及健康對(duì)照的PBMCs ,收集細(xì)胞提取總蛋白,采用Western Blot法驗(yàn)證患兒及健康對(duì)照IL-10刺激、IL-6刺激,無(wú)刺激細(xì)胞因子STAT3(Cell Signaling, 美國(guó))以及P-STAT3(Cell Signaling, 美國(guó))的表達(dá)差異。移植前患兒和健康對(duì)照IL-6刺激后均表達(dá)P-STAT3,空白對(duì)照組均不表達(dá)P-STAT3,患兒IL-10刺激后不表達(dá)P-STAT3,健康對(duì)照正常表達(dá)P-STAT3(圖8A,C);患兒臍血干細(xì)胞移植后IL-10刺激后可正常表達(dá)P-STAT3(圖8B)。
圖7本文患兒及其父母Sanger測(cè)序圖
注患兒IL-10R基因編碼區(qū)外顯子3存在c.299T>T/G (p.V100G),c.301C>C/T(p.R101W),其中p.R101W變異來(lái)源于母親,p.V100G變異來(lái)源于父親
圖8本文患兒IL-10信號(hào)通路功能驗(yàn)證
注A:本文患兒臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)前;B:本文患兒臍血干細(xì)胞移植術(shù)后;C:健康對(duì)照
VEO-IBD是兒童IBD中的一種特殊亞組,2012年由Muise等[3]將發(fā)病年齡<6歲的兒童IBD定義為VEO-IBD。VEO-IBD以發(fā)病年齡早、起病重、腹瀉難控制、嚴(yán)重影響生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、多伴嚴(yán)重肛周病變、多存在隱匿性基因缺陷為特點(diǎn)。本文病例生后8 d起病,表現(xiàn)為進(jìn)行性加重的腹瀉,病程40 d出現(xiàn)肛周膿腫并逐步破潰為肛瘺,伴有生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育停滯甚至倒退、過(guò)度炎癥反應(yīng)和低蛋白血癥等表現(xiàn),腸鏡表現(xiàn)鵝卵石樣征累及結(jié)腸各部;病程17周并發(fā)腸梗阻并行結(jié)腸造瘺術(shù);患兒姐姐5月齡死于反復(fù)腹瀉、可疑尿道瘺。對(duì)于低年齡出現(xiàn)反復(fù)性腹瀉伴肛周病變,生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育障礙的嬰幼兒,應(yīng)行腸鏡檢查,并完善分子生物學(xué)的診斷,探索是否存在基因缺陷。本文患兒臨床表現(xiàn)、腸鏡特征考慮為VEO-IBD,常規(guī)治療手段(抗感染、沙利度胺、美沙拉秦、腸內(nèi)外營(yíng)養(yǎng)支持)效果不佳,WES明確患兒IL-10RA基因突變導(dǎo)致發(fā)病。基因突變與非基因突變所致VEO-IBD的炎癥機(jī)制不同,常規(guī)免疫抑制劑、美沙拉秦等藥物對(duì)基因突變VEO-IBD的療效甚微,并不能從根本上緩解病情。干細(xì)胞移植是唯一可修復(fù)基因缺陷的治療途徑。移植前患兒的機(jī)體狀態(tài)是決定移植治療成敗的關(guān)鍵。移植前治療以營(yíng)養(yǎng)支持、抗感染、皮膚護(hù)理為重點(diǎn),常規(guī)藥物治療為輔。患兒長(zhǎng)期腹瀉所致?tīng)I(yíng)養(yǎng)不良,需要合理腸內(nèi)外營(yíng)養(yǎng)支持實(shí)現(xiàn)生長(zhǎng)追趕,提升蛋白整合水平。同時(shí)加強(qiáng)皮膚護(hù)理,積極抗感染治療,減少感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn),必要時(shí)可采用外科手術(shù)干預(yù),以尋求機(jī)體穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),擇期移植。
2009年Glocker等[4]首次報(bào)道了IL-10R基因突變導(dǎo)致VEO-IBD的發(fā)病,包括IL-10、IL-10R基因在內(nèi)的單基因缺陷導(dǎo)致的VEO-IBD越來(lái)越多地受到關(guān)注。截止2016年5月, 國(guó)內(nèi)外IL-10相關(guān)VEO-IBD病例報(bào)道文獻(xiàn)20余篇, 累計(jì)報(bào)道IL-10或IL-10R基因突變導(dǎo)致的VEO-IBD病例約60例[4~18]。除涉及VEO-IBD的高發(fā)病地區(qū)的北美和歐洲外,發(fā)病率相對(duì)較低的東亞國(guó)家也有相關(guān)報(bào)道。其中東亞國(guó)家報(bào)道[7,10,12,17,18]的13例均為IL-10R基因突變。IL-10是機(jī)體單核細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞、內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞分泌的重要抗炎因子,其抗炎生物學(xué)作用通過(guò)JAK-STAT通路實(shí)現(xiàn)。IL-10R基因突變可導(dǎo)致IL-10R結(jié)構(gòu)改變,導(dǎo)致下游JAK1、TYK2不能磷酸化IL-10R,下游STAT3分子無(wú)法形成P-STAT3二聚體,導(dǎo)致P-STAT3入核調(diào)控抗炎因子基因表達(dá)過(guò)程受阻,致使TNF-α、IL-8等高表達(dá)。2014年Uhlig等[19]針對(duì)不同年齡起病,具有IBD樣癥狀患兒設(shè)計(jì)了包括IL-10、IL-10RA、IL-10RB在內(nèi)的50個(gè)單基因突變譜用于篩查早發(fā)型IBD和VEO-IBD可能存在的單基因缺陷。盡管如此,這些高度相關(guān)的可能的單基因突變?nèi)匀恢徽糣EO-IBD群體的一小部分。因突變的基因不同,其預(yù)后以及治療策略亦不同,其中的大多數(shù)因不能明確病因得到妥善治療而導(dǎo)致較高病死率。診斷這類因單基因突變而發(fā)病的患兒群體仍然是挑戰(zhàn)。
異體同種干細(xì)胞移植已用于多種單基因缺陷疾病的治療。對(duì)常規(guī)治療無(wú)效的VEO-IBD患兒,或單基因突變使血液系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)性增高的患兒,干細(xì)胞移植是推薦的有效治療手段。有研究已證實(shí)干細(xì)胞移植用于治療IL-10信號(hào)通路基因缺陷、XIAP、FOXP3缺陷的有效性[20~22]。Glocker等[4]2009年首次報(bào)道了運(yùn)用骨髓干細(xì)胞移植治療1例IL-10RB基因突變的VEO-IBD患兒,并在移植后超過(guò)1年的隨訪中持續(xù)緩解,無(wú)移植相關(guān)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生,肛瘺逐漸愈合,體重增長(zhǎng)。之后,不同團(tuán)隊(duì)也陸續(xù)在臨床中證實(shí)了骨髓干細(xì)胞移植對(duì)治療IL-10信號(hào)通路基因缺陷導(dǎo)致的VEO-IBD的有效性[5,23,24]。60余例的已報(bào)道IL-10信號(hào)通路缺陷的VEO-IBD患兒中,<1/3病例接受了干細(xì)胞移植治療, 所有接受移植患兒都在移植后迅速和持續(xù)的臨床緩解,其中僅包含1例2016年日本[12]采用臍血干細(xì)胞移植的21月齡VEO-IBD。本文病例移植年齡小(6月齡),體重低(3 kg),移植時(shí)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況差,且處于腹腔探查造瘺術(shù)后狀態(tài),考慮患兒難以耐受清髓性預(yù)處理方案,術(shù)后出現(xiàn)并發(fā)癥及感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大,移植前預(yù)處理采取減低毒性方案。既往干細(xì)胞移植治療IL-10信號(hào)通路缺陷相關(guān)VEO-IBD的文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道中,均采用清髓性預(yù)處理方案。本例采用減低毒性預(yù)處理方案后,移植嵌合率在移植8周達(dá)98.5%, 且未發(fā)生嚴(yán)重GVHD或移植相關(guān)臟器損害。減低毒性預(yù)處理方案較清髓性預(yù)處理方案臟器損害小、輸血要求降低,早期感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)下降,并且組織損傷和炎癥反應(yīng)相對(duì)輕微,降低了GVHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
臍血作為干細(xì)胞的來(lái)源之一,相比外周血、骨髓2種來(lái)源具有配型迅速,獲取方便,免疫原性低,GVHD的發(fā)生率和程度相對(duì)低的優(yōu)勢(shì)[25]。臍血中有核細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)以及HLA匹配程度是決定臍血干細(xì)胞移植成功的關(guān)鍵[1]。本例采用臍血有核細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)51.5×107·kg-1,HLA基因型8/10相合,采取減低毒性預(yù)處理方案,是患兒非血緣臍血干細(xì)胞移植成功,達(dá)到迅速有效控制病情的關(guān)鍵。
截止2016年6月,患兒移植后11個(gè)月,臨床持續(xù)緩解,無(wú)相關(guān)移植并發(fā)癥發(fā)生。日本團(tuán)隊(duì)報(bào)道的1例病例以及我院目前已完成的3例臍血干細(xì)胞移植治療IL-10R基因突變導(dǎo)致VEO-IBD的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明,臍血干細(xì)胞移植作為治療IL-10R基因突變導(dǎo)致的VEO-IBD方法,值得積累更多的病例。
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(本文編輯:張崇凡)
Umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation treatment for very early onset inflammatory bowel disease due to IL-10RA mutation: A case report and literature review
PENGKai-yue1,4,QIANXiao-wen2,4,WUBin-bin3,HUANGZhi-heng1,LUJun-ping1,ZHAIXiao-wen2,WANGHui-jun3,ZHENGCui-fang1,HUANGYing1
(1DepartmentofGastroenterology, 2DepartmentofHematology, 3MolecularDiagnosticCenter,Children′sHospital,FudanUniversity,Shanghai201102,China;4Co-firstauthor)
HUANG Ying,E-mail:yhuang815@163.com
Inflammatory bowel disease;Very early onset;Whole exome sequencing;IL-10RAgene;Umbilical cord blood;Stem cell transplantation
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金:81300291
復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬兒科醫(yī)院1 消化科,2 血液科,3 分子診斷中心上海,201102;4 共同第一作者
黃瑛,E-mail:yhuang815@163.com
10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2016.03.003
2016-03-30
2016-05-17)