馮曉曦
(四川省攀枝花市第二人民醫(yī)院, 四川 攀枝花 617068)
經(jīng)陰道超聲診斷輸卵管炎性疾病價(jià)值研究
馮曉曦
(四川省攀枝花市第二人民醫(yī)院, 四川 攀枝花 617068)
目的:探討經(jīng)陰道超聲在診斷輸卵管炎性疾病的價(jià)值。方法:選擇我院婦科門診2012年3月至2013年3月期間,收治的200例輸卵管炎性疾病患者,作為研究對(duì)象。所有患者均進(jìn)行經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查和經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查。將兩種方法的檢查結(jié)果和手術(shù)病理組織檢查結(jié)果及臨床綜合檢查結(jié)果相比較,判斷兩種方法的診斷符合率,比較兩種方法的優(yōu)劣,綜合分析經(jīng)陰道超聲在診斷輸卵管炎性疾病方面的價(jià)值。結(jié)果:研究結(jié)果顯示,156例患者經(jīng)手術(shù)后病理組織檢查確診,44例患者以藥物治療后臨床體征確診。經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查和經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查與病理診斷及臨床綜合診斷結(jié)果比較,兩者的符合率分別為:95.5%與80.5%,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值<0.05);比較兩種方法對(duì)不同類型患者的輸卵管炎性疾病檢出率,21例肥胖患者經(jīng)陰道超聲檢出率為92%,經(jīng)腹部超聲檢出率為47.6%;31例腹部瘢痕者經(jīng)陰道超聲檢出率為91%,經(jīng)腹部超聲檢出率為38.7%,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值<0.05)。結(jié)論:經(jīng)陰道超聲診斷輸卵管炎性疾病具有準(zhǔn)確率高、適用范圍廣、操作簡(jiǎn)便、快捷的優(yōu)點(diǎn),具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
輸卵管炎性疾??; 經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查; 經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查
我們采用經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查和經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查對(duì)輸卵管炎性疾病患者進(jìn)行診斷,現(xiàn)將結(jié)果總結(jié)報(bào)道如下:
1.1 臨床資料:選擇我院婦科門診2012年3月至2013年3月期間,收治的200例輸卵管炎性疾病患者,作為研究對(duì)象。年齡22~55歲,平均年齡為34.2歲。體重超過70kg的肥胖患者21例,子宮瘢痕者31例。178例患者因腹脹、腹部疼痛、月經(jīng)量增多而就診,22例患者為婦科檢查時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)異常而就診。156例患者經(jīng)手術(shù)后病理組織檢查確診,44例患者以藥物治療后臨床體征確診。
1.2 方法:采用GE730 Expert、logiq 7超聲診斷儀,分別對(duì)患者行腹部超聲和陰道超聲檢查。腹部超聲檢查的探頭頻率設(shè)置為3.5 MHz,陰道超聲檢查的探頭頻率設(shè)置為5.0~6.0 MHz。先檢查子宮,觀察是否有宮腔及盆腔積液,再掃查卵巢,先觀察卵巢輪廓,再沿輸卵管的走向進(jìn)行掃查并測(cè)量輸卵管外徑,觀察卵巢周邊是否有異常囊性塊,是否和輸卵管相通或迂曲呈管道結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)輸卵管情況對(duì)輸卵管炎性進(jìn)行分型。打印上述觀察超聲圖像并報(bào)告;再將診斷結(jié)果和手術(shù)病理檢查結(jié)果及臨床綜合診斷結(jié)果進(jìn)行符合性比較。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理:對(duì)文中所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理,采用SPSS15.0軟件進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)數(shù)資料采用率描述,組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 兩種超聲檢查結(jié)果與手術(shù)病理診斷及臨床綜合檢查結(jié)果的符合率:經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查對(duì)各型輸卵管炎癥的診斷符合率以及總診斷符合率均明顯高于經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查的診斷符合率,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0. 05),見表1。
表1 兩種檢查方法的符合率n(%)
2.2 兩種診斷方法對(duì)不同類型患者的輸卵管炎性檢出率:經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查對(duì)肥胖患者及腹部瘢痕患者的輸卵管炎癥檢出率均明顯高于經(jīng)腹部超聲檢查的檢出率,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。
表2 兩種診斷方法對(duì)不同類型患者輸卵管炎性疾病的檢出率n(%)
盆腔炎是最為常見的婦科疾病。隨著各種檢查技術(shù)的發(fā)展,臨床對(duì)輸卵管炎性疾病的診斷水平越來(lái)越高,臨床數(shù)據(jù)顯示出輸卵管炎性疾病的發(fā)病率也呈上升之勢(shì)[1]。
輸卵管發(fā)生急性炎癥時(shí),病原體沿著子宮內(nèi)膜向上蔓延,導(dǎo)致輸卵管黏膜發(fā)生腫脹、間質(zhì)水腫、充血,管腔內(nèi)積聚大量炎性滲出物。超聲聲像圖表現(xiàn)可見輸卵管官腔擴(kuò)張、增粗,管腔內(nèi)出現(xiàn)低回聲;滲出炎性液體積聚在輸卵管周圍,超聲圖像可見輸卵管及卵巢漂浮在滲出液中[2]。炎癥繼續(xù)發(fā)展,輸卵管可發(fā)生黏膜粘連,使輸卵管管腔與傘端發(fā)生閉鎖,炎癥反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的膿液積聚在輸卵管管腔后可形成輸卵管積膿。輸卵管積膿或輸卵管卵巢膿腫的膿液吸收被漿液性滲出物代替形成輸卵管積水或輸卵管卵巢囊腫。輸卵管急性炎癥若治療不及時(shí)或者治療效果欠佳,時(shí)間稍長(zhǎng)會(huì)引發(fā)較多后遺癥。如慢性輸卵管炎,輸卵管增粗、堵塞。對(duì)患者的生活質(zhì)量及生育能力造成嚴(yán)重影響,甚至?xí)l(fā)輸卵管妊娠[3]。
經(jīng)腹超聲檢查需要患者在檢查前充盈膀胱,膀胱充盈程度對(duì)檢查的準(zhǔn)確性有較大影響,臨床實(shí)施較難把握。且經(jīng)腹超聲檢查的探頭頻率低,其圖像分辨力低,對(duì)輸卵管的顯示受到很多因素的影響,如膀胱充盈度、患者脂肪厚度、腹部完整情況、腸腔氣體狀況等。而經(jīng)陰道超聲檢查引起探頭頻率高,分辨率高,能較為清晰地顯示輸卵管情況,對(duì)炎性情況能清楚的顯示,為臨床醫(yī)師選擇治療方法提供全面可靠的信息。
[1] 張玉.經(jīng)陰道彩色多普勒超聲診斷輸卵管炎性疾病的價(jià)值[J].現(xiàn)代中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志,2010,9.19(25):3234~3235.
[2] 杜桂枝.DWI在輸卵管炎性病變?cè)\斷中的應(yīng)用[J].中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合影像學(xué)雜志,2014,12(5):499~500.
[3] 劉欣友,胡丹旦,胡萌.經(jīng)陰道超聲診斷重度化膿性輸卵管炎的價(jià)值[J].醫(yī)學(xué)信息,2013,11(14):329.
The Value of Transvaginal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Salpingitis Disease
FENG Xiaoxi
(The Second People's Hospital of Panzhihua,Sichuan Panzhihua617068,China)
Objective:To investigate the value of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of salpingitis disease.Methods:200 patients with salpingitis disease treated in gynecology clinic in our hospital from March 2012 to March 2013 were chosen as the research object.All patients were all taken abdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound examination.The results of the two methods of examination and surgical histopathology results and the results of comprehensive clinical examination were compared.And then judged the accuracy rate of both methods,compared the pros and cons of both approaches.Evaluated comprehensively the value of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of salpingitis disease.Results:The results showed that there were 44 patients with clinical signs of drug treatment after diagnosis in 156 patients diagnosed after surgery by pathological examination.Transvaginal ultrasound examination and abdominal ultrasound diagnosis and clinical and pathological diagnosis were compared.The accuracy rate of two methods were 95.5%and 80.5%respectively,there's significant difference,P<0.05.The detection rates of two methods for different types of patients with salpingitis disease were compared.The detection rate of 21 cases of obese patients with transvaginal ultrasound was 92%,and the detection rate was 47.6%by abdominal ultrasound.The detection rates of 31 cases of abdominal scar detected by transvaginal ultrasound were 91%,and the detection rate was 38.7%by abdominal ultrasound.There were significantly difference,P<0.05.There was statistically significant.Conclusion:Transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of salpingitis disease is with high accuracy,wide application,simple,quick advantage,and it has important clinical value.
Salpingitis disease; Transvaginal ultrasound; Abdominal ultrasound
四川省科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目,(編號(hào):20147629076HM)
1006-6233(2016)09-1416-03
A 【doi】10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2016.09.004