一、重點詞匯

1. abrupt a. 突然的，意外的；唐突無禮的

His abrupt reply hurt our feelings. 他粗魯?shù)幕卮饌α宋覀兊母星椤?/p>

【拓展】

abruptness n. 突然

abruptly adv. 突然地，意外地

The secretary abruptly left the conference room. 書記突然離開會議室。

2. weep （wept， wept） vi. 哭泣， 流淚 n. 一陣哭泣

Allow yourself to weep for things you have lost. 容許你為自己已經(jīng)失去的事物而哭泣。

She wept the loss of her mother. 她因為失去了媽媽而哭泣。

【拓展】

weep for / over... 為……而哭泣

weep to see... 因為看到……而哭泣

a weeping willow 枝條下垂的垂柳

We had wept for / over the death of our parents. 我們?yōu)楦改傅碾x世而流淚。

3. cure n. 藥，藥物；療法；解決問題的措施，對策；療程

There is still no known cure for Aids but it can be treated. 艾滋病尚沒有確切的治愈方法但可以醫(yī)治。

【拓展】

v. 治愈，治好；去解決問題

90 per cent of the patients can be cured of the disease. 這種病90%的病人能治好。

I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car. 我最終設(shè)法解決了汽車發(fā)出的吱吱聲。

4. contrary adj. 相反的（常作定語）n. 相反（事物）

His mother had given him contrary messages. 他母親給他的消息正好相反。

【拓展】

by contraries 與預(yù)期的相反

on the contrary 與此相反；正相反

Many events in our lives go by contraries. 我們的生活中有不少事與愿違的事情。

You werent boring me. On the contrary， youre interesting me frightfully. 你沒有使我厭煩，正相反，你使我很感興趣。

5. familiar adj. 熟悉的，親切友好的，親密的

He is a familiar friend of mine. 他是我的一個密友。

【拓展】

sb. be familiar with sth. 某人對某事熟悉

sth. be familiar to sb. 某事對某人來說是熟悉的

Most Chinese people are familiar with the four great inventions in ancient China. 大多數(shù)國人熟悉中國四大發(fā)明。

These tales are familiar to Chinese children. 這些傳說對于中國小孩而言是聽?wèi)T了的。

6. burst （burst， burst）

1） n. 爆炸；爆破；爆裂

a burst in a waterpipe 水管的破裂

a burst of anger， enthusiasm， etc 怒火﹑熱情等的迸發(fā)

a burst of applause 一陣歡呼

2） vi. & vt.（使某物）爆炸；脹破；爆破

If you blow that balloon up any more， it will burst. 那氣球再吹就要破了。

【拓展】

burst in （a room， etc.） 突然進(jìn)入（房間等）

The police burst in （through the door） and arrested the murderer. 警察突然闖進(jìn)（房門）逮捕了那個兇手。

burst into sth. 突然而猛烈地發(fā)出或產(chǎn)生出某事物

The aircraft crashed and burst into flames. 飛機(jī)墜毀起火。

burst into tears， song， angry speech 突然哭、唱、吵起來

burst on / upon sb. / sth. 突然而意外地出現(xiàn)在某人（某物）面前

The truth burst upon him. 他突然了解了真相。

burst out

（a） 突然激動地說；叫嚷

“I hate you！” she burst out. “我討厭你！” 她叫嚷道。

（b） 突然開始（做某事）

burst out crying / laughing / singing 突然哭起來（笑起來/唱起來）

7. bid n. 出價；投標(biāo)，招標(biāo)；努力，企圖 v. 叫牌

Several companies will bid for the contract. 數(shù)家公司要投標(biāo)爭取合約。

【拓展】

in a bid to do sth. 為了做某事

The company cut prices just before the holiday in a bid to support sales. 為了提高銷量，這家公司在節(jié)假日前就降低了價格。

8. messy adj. 散亂的；污穢的；麻煩的

【拓展】

mess n. 混亂；骯臟

be in a mess 雜亂無章

make a mess of 把……搞得一塌糊涂

The manager left our company in a mess. 經(jīng)理讓公司非?；靵y。

You have made a mess of the job. 你把這件事辦得一塌糊涂。

9. appetite n. 食欲，胃口；嗜好；強(qiáng)烈欲望

【拓展】

have a good appetite 胃口好

lose ones appetite 沒有胃口

have an appetite for 喜愛；渴望

When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病時完全沒有食欲。

My sister has an appetite for American country music. 我妹妹喜歡美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂。

10. slide n. 降低，衰退；滑動 v. 降低，衰退；（使）滑動，滑行

【拓展】

slide 過去式 slid； 過去分詞 slid

slide into 逐漸陷入（惡習(xí)）；衰落成

The children are sliding on the ice. 孩子們在冰上滑行。

Housing prices may begin to slide. 房價可能要開始下跌。

Take heroin for example， users may slide into addiction. 以海洛因為例，吸食者可能會上癮。

二、重點詞組

1. devote himself to

devote （oneself / ones life / time / money / energy） to （doing） sth. 把……獻(xiàn)給……；把……用在……

He devoted his whole life to working for the motherland. 他把畢生獻(xiàn)給了祖國。

【拓展】

devoted adj.； devotedly adv.； devotion n.

be devoted to （doing） sth. 專心致志于；忠于

She is devoted to her studies. 她專心于她的學(xué)習(xí)。

His devotion to the cause of education is wellknown. 他對教育事業(yè)的獻(xiàn)身精神是眾所周知的。

2. provide... with...

provide... with... 提供某人某物

We should provide them with additional background. 我們應(yīng)該給他們提供額外的背景資料。

=We should provide additional background for them.

【拓展】

supply... with...

offer sb. sth.

The Red Cross supplies disaster victims with food and shelter. 紅十字會為受災(zāi)的人提供食品和住處。

The company offered him a promotion. 公司給他升了職。

3. have access to

have access to 得以接近；得以進(jìn)入；得以使用

Every student in our school has access to the library. 在我們學(xué)校每位學(xué)生都可利用圖書館。

4. end in 以……告終

The meeting ended in disorder. 會議在一片混亂中結(jié)束。

【拓展】

end up doing sth. 結(jié)果……，最終……

end up with sth. 以……告終

We were going to a concert， but end up watching videos at home. 我們原計劃去聽音樂會，但結(jié)果卻在家看錄像。

She ended up her speech with a short poem. 她朗誦了一首短詩結(jié)束了她的演講。

Unit 4

一、重點詞匯

1. involve vt. 包含；（使）參加；牽涉，涉及

What does the job of editing involve？ 編輯工作包含些什么？

Dont involve me in your quarrel. 不要把我卷入你們的爭吵。

【拓展】

involve sb. in （doing） sth. 把某人牽涉到某事里

be / get involved with... 和……有牽連；參與……中

Im afraid your sons been involved in an accident. 恐怕你的兒子牽涉進(jìn)了一起事故中。

More than 30 software firms were involved in the project. 三十多家軟件公司參與了這項工程。

He is now involved in stocks. 他現(xiàn)在熱衷于股票。

2. offensive adj. 冒犯的，極其討厭的；攻擊性的

offensive behavior 無禮的行為

an offensive smell 令人討厭的氣味

John was charged with possessing an offensive weapon. 約翰因為擁有攻擊性武器而被指控。

【拓展】

offend v. 冒犯，使生氣；使反感

Lily was offended by such a personal question. 提這樣私人的問題讓莉莉很生氣。

offence n. 得罪，冒犯行為

The problem was how to say “no” to her without causing offence. 問題是怎樣對她說“不”而又不得罪她。

3. ripe adj. 適宜的，時機(jī)成熟的；（水果或莊稼）成熟的

The strawberries are ripe enough to be picked. 草莓已經(jīng)熟得可以采收了。

【拓展】

ripen v. （果實、谷物等）熟，使……熟；成熟

Our wheat has ripened. 我們的小麥已經(jīng)成熟了。

be ripe for sth. 適宜做某事，做某事條件成熟

The former factory area is ripe for development. 這片從前的廠區(qū)可以開發(fā)了。

The time is ripe for... 做某事的時機(jī)成熟了

The time is ripe for a review of progress up to now. 是時候回顧一下到目前為止所取得的進(jìn)步了。

4. suspect n. 嫌疑犯，可疑對象；suspects for the robbery 搶劫案的嫌疑犯

Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery. 有兩名與劫案有關(guān)的嫌疑人今天被逮捕。

main / prime / chief suspect 首要嫌疑人

【拓展】

v. 懷疑（某人有罪）；懷疑（某事屬實或可能發(fā)生，尤指壞事）

suspect sb. of sth.

She suspected him of taking her money. 她懷疑他拿了她的錢。

suspect that

I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine. 我懷疑發(fā)動機(jī)出了什么故障。

suspect sb. to be...

I suspect him to be the pickpocket. = I suspect （that） he is the pickpocket. 我懷疑他就是那個扒手。

注意：suspect后不跟whether引導(dǎo)的從句；doubt 可以跟whether。

She strongly doubt / suspect he was lying to her.

You can complain， but I doubt whether itll make any difference.

5. negotiate vt. /vi. 商定；談判，協(xié)商

negotiation n. 交涉，協(xié)商，談判

They want to negotiate / enter into negotiations with the Government about compensation. 他們想開始和政府進(jìn)行有關(guān)賠償?shù)恼勁小?/p>

【拓展】

negotiate （with sb.） about / on / over / for sth.

We negotiated with the school about tuition increase. 我們與校方協(xié)商學(xué)費調(diào)高問題。

negotiate an agreement / contract 商定一份協(xié)議

Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working week. 工會領(lǐng)袖已經(jīng)商定了一份縮短每周工作時間的協(xié)議。

6. charge n. 費用；控制、負(fù)責(zé)；指控；電荷、充電

free of charge 免費

in charge （of sth.） 負(fù)責(zé)

Gas charges will rise in July. 汽油收費在七月份會上漲。

Guided tours are provided at no charge. 提供免費帶導(dǎo)游的旅行。

Your order will be sent free of charge （=at no cost）. 你的訂單將被免費送出去。

He asked to speak to the person in charge. 他要求與負(fù)責(zé)的人說話。

Stern put Tim in charge of （=gave him control of） the research team. Stern讓Tim負(fù)責(zé)研究小組。

Jefferson is facing a charge of armed robbery. 杰斐遜正面臨一項武裝搶劫的指控。

Leave the battery on charge all night. 讓電池充一夜的電。

【拓展】

v. 收費；指控；進(jìn)攻、襲擊；充電

The restaurant charged us ￡40 for the wine. 飯店收了我們40英鎊的酒錢。

Gibbons has been charged with murder. Gibbons已經(jīng)因為謀殺而受到起訴。

Then， with a final effort， our men charged the enemy for the last time. 然后，我們的人用最后的努力向敵人發(fā)起了最后一次進(jìn)攻。

The bear charged towards her at full speed. 熊全速地向她沖去。

The shaver can be charged up and used while traveling. 這種刮胡刀能在旅行的時候充電并使用。

7. suspension n. 暫停，中止；暫時停職（停學(xué)）；暫時除名；減震裝置；懸浮液，懸膠體

He is set to return to football after a three match suspension. 他在被罰停賽三場之后將回到足球隊中。

【拓展】

suspend v. 暫停，中止；暫令停職（停學(xué)）；懸，掛吊

suspend sb. from sth. 從……中停職（學(xué)）

suspend sth. from sth. 把……懸掛在……上

suspend judgment 暫不作出判斷

be suspended in 在……中懸浮

The doctor has been suspended from duty. 那位醫(yī)生被暫時要求停職。

二、重點詞組

1. as well 也、又

相當(dāng)于too或also，常位于句末。

We are going on a picnic. Why dont you come along as well？ 我們打算去野炊，你為什么不也一起去呢？

2. refer to sb. / sth.

1） 提到

Dont refer to this matter again， please. 請不要再提及這件事了。

2） 與某人/某事物有關(guān)

What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要說的事和你們大家都有關(guān)。

3） 參考，向……咨詢

refer to a dictionary / an expert 查詞典/詢問專家

I referred to my watch for the exact time. 我看了一下手表好知道準(zhǔn)確的時間。

4） refer A to B將A送交B

They are planning to refer the issue to the head office. 他們正計劃把這個問題向總部提交。

I was referred to the inquiry office. 人家叫我去問訊處。

3. keep up 繼續(xù)，堅持；保持，維持

If this rain keeps up， the garden will be ruined. 如果繼續(xù)下雨，園子就毀了。

【拓展】

keep your courage up！ 不要氣餒！不要灰心！

keep up with 跟上；不落后；趕上

Dont run—I cant keep up with you. 不要跑——我跟不上你。

（作者：殷華新，泰州市第三高級中學(xué)）