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BCL6B對人結(jié)直腸癌LoVo細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響及機(jī)制

2017-01-19 02:01李愛芳李雪茹趙佳麗謝佳卿
中國病理生理雜志 2017年1期
關(guān)鍵詞:劃痕質(zhì)粒灰度

谷 月, 李愛芳, 孫 暉, 李雪茹, 查 何, 趙佳麗, 謝佳卿, 周 蘭

(重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)檢驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)院,臨床檢驗(yàn)診斷學(xué)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,重慶 400016)

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BCL6B對人結(jié)直腸癌LoVo細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響及機(jī)制

谷 月, 李愛芳, 孫 暉, 李雪茹, 查 何, 趙佳麗, 謝佳卿, 周 蘭△

(重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)檢驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)院,臨床檢驗(yàn)診斷學(xué)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,重慶 400016)

目的: 研究B細(xì)胞白血病/淋巴瘤6B(BCL6B)在人正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC及結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo中的表達(dá)水平及BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響,并探討其相關(guān)分子機(jī)制。方法: 采用RT-PCR及Western blot檢測FHC細(xì)胞和LoVo細(xì)胞中BCL6B的內(nèi)源性表達(dá);用脂質(zhì)體法將重組質(zhì)粒pcDNA3.1-BCL6B轉(zhuǎn)入LoVo細(xì)胞,運(yùn)用MTT、集落形成、細(xì)胞劃痕及Transwell小室實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響,采用RT-PCR及Western blot檢測細(xì)胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)和基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的表達(dá),Western blot檢測蛋白激酶B(AKT)的磷酸化水平。結(jié)果: 與正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC相比,BCL6B在LoVo細(xì)胞中呈明顯低表達(dá);轉(zhuǎn)染pcDNA3.1-BCL6B后的LoVo細(xì)胞內(nèi)BCL6B水平顯著增高。過表達(dá)BCL6B的實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞72 h的增殖活性及劃痕愈合力分別較對照組降低28.33%(P<0.01)和36.11%(P<0.05)。實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞cyclin D1和MMP-9的mRNA水平分別降低39.90%(P<0.01)和77.36%(P<0.05),同時cyclin D1、MMP-9和磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-AKT)的蛋白水平分別降低44.00%(P<0.05)、47.06%(P<0.01)和32.88%(P<0.05)。結(jié)論: BCL6B可抑制結(jié)直腸癌LoVo細(xì)胞的增殖和遷移,其機(jī)制可能涉及PI3K/AKT信號通路的抑制。

BCL6B; 結(jié)直腸癌; 細(xì)胞增殖; 細(xì)胞遷移; PI3K/AKT信號通路

結(jié)直腸癌作為消化道惡性腫瘤之一,其發(fā)病率和死亡率分別位居世界第3位和第4位[1]。在我國隨著人口的老齡化及其它致癌因素的增加,結(jié)腸癌的發(fā)病率呈逐年上升趨勢,形勢十分嚴(yán)峻?,F(xiàn)如今,外科手術(shù)和放化療方案雖有進(jìn)展,然而轉(zhuǎn)移和復(fù)發(fā)仍是導(dǎo)致結(jié)直腸癌患者低生存率的主要因素。

研究表明,抑癌基因啟動子區(qū)域的高甲基化所導(dǎo)致的表達(dá)下調(diào)或缺失在結(jié)腸癌的發(fā)生和發(fā)展中起重要作用。B細(xì)胞白血病/淋巴瘤6B(B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 member B,BCL6B)基因?qū)儆贐細(xì)胞白血病/淋巴瘤6(B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6,BCL6)超家族成員,其編碼的蛋白與BCL6具高度同源性,發(fā)揮著與BCL6相似的轉(zhuǎn)錄抑制功能[2-4]。然而,目前關(guān)于BCL6B在腫瘤中的作用及機(jī)制的報(bào)道甚少。已有的研究提示,BCL6B因啟動子區(qū)域高甲基化而導(dǎo)致的表達(dá)缺失存在于胃癌、肝癌及結(jié)直腸癌中,并且其啟動子區(qū)甲基化程度與腫瘤的惡性程度及患者不良預(yù)后呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系[5-8]。在結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞系中,BCL6B因啟動子區(qū)甲基化程度不一而呈現(xiàn)不同水平的表達(dá);恢復(fù)結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞系中BCL6B的表達(dá)可激活P53信號通路而發(fā)揮腫瘤抑制作用[8]。

為進(jìn)一步探討B(tài)CL6B對腫瘤的作用及可能機(jī)制,本研究檢測正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC及具有高轉(zhuǎn)移潛能的結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo中BCL6B的表達(dá)水平,探討B(tài)CL6B對結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞增殖及遷移侵襲的影響,并進(jìn)一步探討其相關(guān)分子機(jī)制。

材 料 和 方 法

1 細(xì)胞系和質(zhì)粒

人正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC及人結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo購自美國模式培養(yǎng)物集存庫(American type culture collection,ATCC);pcDNA3.1空載質(zhì)粒和pcDNA3.1-BCL6B質(zhì)粒由重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院表觀遺傳學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室饋贈。

2 主要試劑和儀器

脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染試劑Lipofectamine 2000購自Invitrogen;DMEM培養(yǎng)基、胎牛血清購自Gibco;TRIzol試劑購自Invitrogen;反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒購自TaKaRa;引物由南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司合成;蛋白質(zhì)提取相關(guān)試劑購自上海碧云天生物技術(shù)研究所;兔抗人BCL6B、細(xì)胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-AKT)和總蛋白激酶B(total protein kinase B,t-AKT)抗體均購自Santa Cruz;鼠抗人β-actin抗體購自Santa Cruz;山羊抗兔IgG/HRP標(biāo)記購自Abgent;山羊抗鼠IgG/HRP 標(biāo)記購自中杉金橋生物技術(shù)有限公司;MTT檢測試劑購自凱基生物。

3 方法

3.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)染 用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基常規(guī)培養(yǎng)LoVo細(xì)胞。實(shí)驗(yàn)分為對照組(control組,轉(zhuǎn)染空載體pcDNA3.1質(zhì)粒)和實(shí)驗(yàn)組(pcDNA3.1-BCL6B組,轉(zhuǎn)染pcDNA3.1-BCL6B重組質(zhì)粒)。以每孔2×105個的密度接種LoVo細(xì)胞至6孔板中,置于37 ℃、5%CO2的條件下培養(yǎng),待貼壁細(xì)胞融合度約為70%時進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染。轉(zhuǎn)染流程參照Lipofectamine 2000說明書,每孔轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒4 μg;于轉(zhuǎn)染后24 h或48 h收集細(xì)胞進(jìn)行后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

3.2 RT-PCR 轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h收集細(xì)胞,用TRIzol法提取細(xì)胞總RNA,取800 ng總RNA在10 μL反應(yīng)體系中反轉(zhuǎn)錄生成cDNA。以cDNA為模板進(jìn)行PCR反應(yīng),檢測細(xì)胞中目的基因和內(nèi)參照基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄水平。GAPDH的上游引物序列為5’-CAGCGACACCCACTCCTC-3’,下游引物序列為5’-TGAGGTCCACCACCCTGT-3’;BCL6B的上游引物序列為5’-AAGCCGTATAAGTGTGAGACG-3’,下游引物序列為5’-AGAATGTGGTAGTGCAC-3’;cyclin D1的上游引物序列為5’-CTGGCCATGAACTACCTGGA-3’,下游引物序列為5’-GTCACACTTGATCACTCTGG-3’;MMP-9的上游引物序列為5’-CCTGGAGCCTGAGAACCAATC-3’,下游引物序列為5’-CCACCCGAGTGTAACCATGGC-3’。PCR 反應(yīng)條件為:95 ℃ 5 min; 94 ℃ 30 s, 63 ℃~54 ℃ 30 s,9個循環(huán)(每個循環(huán)依次降低1 ℃),72 ℃ 30 s; 94 ℃ 30 s, 55 ℃ 30 s, 72 ℃ 30 s, 20~26個循環(huán);最后72 ℃ 10 min。產(chǎn)物經(jīng)瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,凝膠成像儀采集圖像,Quantity One軟件分析條帶灰度值,計(jì)算目的基因與內(nèi)參照的比值。

3.3 Western blot法 轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后,收集細(xì)胞,按照蛋白提取試劑盒說明書提取細(xì)胞總蛋白,分光光度儀測定其濃度。蛋白質(zhì)煮沸10 min充分變性,經(jīng)10% SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳后,濕轉(zhuǎn)法轉(zhuǎn)移至聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene difluoride,PVDF)膜,5% BSA封閉2 h,Ⅰ抗分別為鼠抗人β-actin(1∶3 000稀釋)、兔抗人BCL6B(1∶3 000稀釋)、兔抗人cyclin D1(1∶1 000稀釋)和兔抗人MMP-9(1∶1 000稀釋),4 ℃孵育過夜,TBST洗膜后加Ⅱ抗(1∶5 000稀釋),37 ℃孵育1 h,PVDF膜上滴加化學(xué)發(fā)光顯色液,Gel Doc凝膠成像儀上觀察結(jié)果,采集圖像,Quantity One軟件分析條帶的灰度值,計(jì)算目的蛋白與內(nèi)參照的比值。

3.4 MTT比色法 收集轉(zhuǎn)染12 h后的細(xì)胞,調(diào)整細(xì)胞密度,分別接種于96孔板中,每組設(shè)5個復(fù)孔,每孔接種3×103個細(xì)胞,分別于接種后24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h時向每孔細(xì)胞中加500 mg/L MTT試劑10 μL,置于37 ℃、5% CO2培養(yǎng)箱中繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4 h后,棄去上清培養(yǎng)基,加入200 μL DMSO,避光振蕩10 min,于光吸收酶標(biāo)儀上檢測492 nm處吸光度(A)值。將5個復(fù)孔的平均值設(shè)為該組的A值,實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。

3.5 平板集落形成實(shí)驗(yàn) 細(xì)胞接種及轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后,分別取800個對照組和實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中,每組設(shè)3個復(fù)孔,置于37 ℃、5% CO2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)2周左右,吸棄各孔培養(yǎng)基,PBS漂洗2次,每孔加500 μL甲醇溶液室溫下固定15 min,棄去固定液,然后每孔加1 mL結(jié)晶紫染液,避光條件下染色20 min,自來水沖洗后晾干,計(jì)算集落數(shù)。使用酶聯(lián)斑點(diǎn)圖像自動分析儀掃描拍照;按照“集落形成率(%)=集落數(shù)/接種細(xì)胞數(shù)×100%”的公式,計(jì)算集落形成率。

3.6 細(xì)胞劃痕愈合實(shí)驗(yàn) 收集轉(zhuǎn)染后的各組細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中,于37 ℃、5% CO2條件下常規(guī)培養(yǎng),待細(xì)胞融合度達(dá)到90%時,用10 μL無菌槍頭在培養(yǎng)板中劃線,用力均勻、勿傾斜;PBS輕輕洗滌細(xì)胞2次;每孔加入無血清培養(yǎng)基2 mL,分別于劃痕后0 h、24 h、48 h和72 h拍照,獲取各組細(xì)胞同一部位不同時點(diǎn)的劃痕寬度,根據(jù)“劃痕愈合率(%)=(0 h劃痕寬度-X h劃痕寬度)/0 h劃痕寬度×100%”的公式,計(jì)算相應(yīng)時點(diǎn)細(xì)胞劃痕愈合率。

3.7 細(xì)胞侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn) 采用Transwell小室進(jìn)行檢測?;|(zhì)膠與無血清培養(yǎng)基1∶5混合,各小室加32 μL稀釋后的基質(zhì)膠,置37 ℃培養(yǎng)箱5 h。將上室(Transwell小室)放入下室(24孔板)中,收集各組細(xì)胞,制成單細(xì)胞懸液,每個上室加300 μL完全培養(yǎng)基含1×105個腫瘤細(xì)胞,下室加700 μL含20%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基;每組設(shè)3個復(fù)孔。于37 ℃、5% CO2孵育24 h后,取出小室,PBS洗2次,用棉簽拭去上室細(xì)胞及清除基質(zhì)膠,4%多聚甲醛固定15 min,0.1%結(jié)晶紫染色20 min,PBS清洗,晾干后于倒置顯微鏡下計(jì)數(shù)穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)。

4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理

采用SPSS 17.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(mean±SD)表示。兩組間比較采用Student’st檢驗(yàn)。多組間均數(shù)比較采用單因素方差分析,進(jìn)一步采用Bonferroni校正的t檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行組內(nèi)兩兩比較。以P<0.05為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

結(jié) 果

1 BCL6B在正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC和結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo中的內(nèi)源性表達(dá)及BCL6B重組質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)染效率的檢測

提取常規(guī)培養(yǎng)的FHC細(xì)胞和LoVo細(xì)胞的總RNA及總蛋白進(jìn)行RT-PCR和Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果顯示,F(xiàn)HC細(xì)胞和LoVo細(xì)胞BCL6B mRNA的校正灰度值依次為1.82±0.64和0.03±0.04,BCL6B蛋白的校正灰度值分別為1.36±0.20和0.02±0.03,即BCL6B在結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo中呈明顯低表達(dá)狀態(tài),見圖1A。重組質(zhì)粒pcDNA3.1-BCL6B轉(zhuǎn)染LoVo細(xì)胞48 h后,與轉(zhuǎn)入空載體組相比,BCL6B的mRNA及蛋白水平分別增加至8.84倍(P<0.01)和6.57倍(P<0.05),說明轉(zhuǎn)染效率較高,見圖1B。

2 BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞增殖的影響

對照組在24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h的A值分別為0.27±0.02、0.42±0.03、0.62±0.04和0.81±0.07,實(shí)驗(yàn)組A值則分別為0.26±0.02、0.31±0.02、0.41±0.03和0.48±0.05,實(shí)驗(yàn)組各時點(diǎn)均低于對照組,其中72 h和96 h時的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性(分別P<0.01和P<0.05),提示BCL6B抑制LoVo細(xì)胞的存活能力,見圖2A。

實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞集落形成率為(2.43±2.12)%,對照組為(19.64±3.21)%,實(shí)驗(yàn)組低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性(P<0.05),說明BCL6B抑制LoVo細(xì)胞的集落形成能力,見圖2B。

3 BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞遷移和侵襲能力的影響

劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,24 h時2組細(xì)胞遷移能力的差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性;48 h時實(shí)驗(yàn)組LoVo細(xì)胞的劃痕愈合率為(28.21±4.06)%,顯著低于對照組的(50.72±4.89)%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01);72 h時,實(shí)驗(yàn)組細(xì)胞劃痕愈合率為(52.01±5.11)%,顯著低于對照組的(81.41±2.80)%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖3A。

Figure 1.The endogenous BCL6B expression in the FHC cells and LoVo cells (A), and the expression of BCL6B in the LoVo cells after transfected with pcDNA3.1-BCL6B for 48 h (B) detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Mean±SD.n=3.##P<0.01vsFHC;*P<0.05,**P<0.01vscontrol group.

圖1 BCL6B在FHC細(xì)胞和LoVo細(xì)胞中的內(nèi)源性表達(dá)及LoVo細(xì)胞中BCL6B轉(zhuǎn)染效率的檢測

Transwell實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果顯示,實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組LoVo細(xì)胞的穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為(48±24)個和(192±31)個,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖3B。上述結(jié)果說明BCL6B能抑制LoVo細(xì)胞的遷移和侵襲能力。

4 BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞中cyclin D1和MMP-9 mRNA表達(dá)的影響

BCL6B重組質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)染LoVo細(xì)胞48 h后行RT-PCR,結(jié)果如圖4所示。對照組cyclin D1 mRNA校正灰度值為1.93±0.08,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為1.16±0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01);對照組MMP-9 mRNA校正灰度值為0.89±0.12,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為0.27±0.07,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),提示BCL6B下調(diào)這2種基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄。

5 BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞中cyclin D1、MMP-9、t-AKT和p-AKT蛋白水平的影響

BCL6B重組質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)染LoVo細(xì)胞48 h后的Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測結(jié)果見圖5。對照組cyclin D1蛋白的校正灰度值為1.00±0.05,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為0.56±0.06,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);對照組MMP-9蛋白的校正灰度值為0.89±0.05,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為0.45±0.04,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01);對照組t-AKT蛋白的校正灰度值為0.84±0.05,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為0.90±0.09,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性;對照組p-AKT蛋白的校正灰度值為0.73±0.03,實(shí)驗(yàn)組為0.39±0.06,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),提示BCL6B可下調(diào)腫瘤細(xì)胞中增殖和遷移相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá),且能抑制AKT的磷酸化。

Figure 2.The MTT assay (A) and colony formation assay (B) to measure the effect of BCL6B on the proliferation of the LoVo cells. Mean±SD.n=3.*P<0.05,**P<0.01vscontrol group.

圖2 MTT實(shí)驗(yàn)和集落形成實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞增殖的影響

Figure 3.The effect of BCL6B on the migration (A, wound healing assay) and invasion (B, Transwell chamber experiment) of the LoVo cells. Mean±SD.n=3.*P<0.05,**P<0.01vscontrol group.

圖3 細(xì)胞劃痕和Transwell小室實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞遷移和侵襲的影響

Figure 4.The effect of BCL6B on the mRNA expression of cyclin D1 and MMP-9 in LoVo cells detected by RT-PCR. Mean±SD.n=3.*P<0.05,**P<0.01vscontrol group.

圖4 RT-PCR檢測BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞中cyclin D1和MMP-9 mRNA表達(dá)的影響

6 PI3K/AKT 信號通路對BCL6B引起的腫瘤相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá)變化的影響

將pcDNA3.1-BCL6B重組質(zhì)粒及PI3K/AKT信號通路抑制劑LY294002共同處理LoVo細(xì)胞48 h后,Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示cyclin D1、MMP-9和 p-AKT的蛋白水平明顯低于未用抑制劑處理的對照組和單獨(dú)用抑制劑處理組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖6。這一結(jié)果提示PI3K/AKT信號通路的抑制可能參與介導(dǎo)BCL6B對該細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的抑制。

討 論

BCL6B基因又稱作BAZF、ZBTB28及ZNF62,位于人17號染色體1區(qū)3帶1亞帶[2]。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道BCL6B廣泛表達(dá)于人體正常組織,然而在很多腫瘤中存在不同位點(diǎn)的突變或缺失[9],提示BCL6B可能為抑癌基因。同時研究發(fā)現(xiàn)BCL6B啟動子區(qū)域在腫瘤中普遍甲基化[10]。而目前關(guān)于BCL6B在腫瘤中的作用及機(jī)制的報(bào)道甚少。

本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)BCL6B在人正常腸上皮細(xì)胞FHC中高表達(dá),在人結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞LoVo中呈明顯低表達(dá)。且Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí),瞬時轉(zhuǎn)染重組質(zhì)粒pcDNA3.1-BCL6B可使LoVo細(xì)胞內(nèi)BCL6B成功過表達(dá)。本研究中,MTT和集落形成實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示BCL6B能有效抑制LoVo細(xì)胞的增殖活性;細(xì)胞劃痕及Transwell實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明BCL6B能顯著抑制癌細(xì)胞遷移和侵襲能力。這與2015年Hu等[8]報(bào)道的BCL6B對結(jié)直腸癌的抑制性作用是一致的。同時我們發(fā)現(xiàn),BCL6B可下調(diào) LoVo細(xì)胞中cyclin D1和MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白水平。Cyclin D1是細(xì)胞周期的重要調(diào)控者,可與細(xì)胞周期蛋白依賴性激酶4/6(cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6,CDK4/6)形成特異性的復(fù)合物,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞周期由G1期進(jìn)入S期[11-12]。MMP-9為基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶家族重要成員之一,其主要功能是降解IV型膠原,在腫瘤細(xì)胞突破基底膜屏障發(fā)生浸潤和遠(yuǎn)處轉(zhuǎn)移過程中扮演重要角色[13-14]。進(jìn)一步表明BCL6B抑癌功能的發(fā)揮可能與細(xì)胞周期阻滯和腫瘤細(xì)胞遷移侵襲能力減弱有關(guān)。

Figure 5.The effect of BCL6B on the protein levels of cyclin D1 and MMP-9 and the phosphorylation level of the AKT in LoVo cells detected by Western blot. Mean±SD.n=3.*P<0.05,**P<0.01vscontrol group.

圖5 Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測BCL6B對LoVo細(xì)胞中cyclin D1和MMP-9蛋白水平及對AKT磷酸化的影響

Figure 6.The effects of PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 on the protein levels of cyclin D1, MMP-9 and p-AKT in the LoVo cells induced by BCL6B detected by Western blot. Mean±SD.n=3.*P<0.05vsDMSO group;#P<0.05vsLY294002 group;△P<0.05vsBCL6B+DMSO group.

圖6 Western blot實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測PI3K/AKT通路抑制劑LY294002對BCL6B引起的cyclin D1、MMP-9及p-AKT蛋白水平變化的影響

PI3K/AKT信號通路在結(jié)直腸癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展中發(fā)揮重要作用,其活化可促進(jìn)癌細(xì)胞增殖,同時參與了結(jié)直腸癌的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移過程[15]。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,激活PI3K/AKT信號通路可增加cyclin D1表達(dá),促進(jìn)細(xì)胞周期;抑制該通路活性可抑制cyclin D1和CDK4的表達(dá),同時可誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞周期依賴性蛋白激酶抑制因子1A的表達(dá),從而阻礙細(xì)胞周期進(jìn)展[16]。結(jié)直腸癌的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移是影響其預(yù)后的重要因素,細(xì)胞外間質(zhì)降解是腫瘤侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移的重要步驟。Thant等[17]研究表明用PI3K抑制劑LY294002處理卵巢癌細(xì)胞,能強(qiáng)烈地抑制癌細(xì)胞中依賴?yán)w連蛋白的MMP-9的分泌。同時,Ruhul等[18]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)AKT陰性表達(dá)體或LY294002均能抑制IL-1β依賴的MMP-9的分泌。另有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道在C6神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞瘤細(xì)胞株中,LY294002能顯著減少p-AKT介導(dǎo)的MMP-9的表達(dá),從而減弱腫瘤細(xì)胞侵襲性[19]。Kim等[20]和Chen等[21]的研究表明MMP-9表達(dá)的增加是通過AKT活化NF-κB的轉(zhuǎn)錄活性介導(dǎo)的。本課題研究結(jié)果顯示,BCL6B可下調(diào)LoVo細(xì)胞中AKT磷酸化水平,且用PI3K/AKT通路抑制劑LY294002處理細(xì)胞,能增加BCL6B引起的cyclin D1、MMP-9和p-AKT蛋白的下調(diào)趨勢,提示BCL6B對結(jié)直腸癌LoVo細(xì)胞的抑制作用涉及PI3K/AKT通路活性的降低。本結(jié)果為BCL6B對結(jié)直腸癌的影響及機(jī)制的研究提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù),為我們下一步的研究提供了新的線索。

[1] 李道娟, 李 倩, 賀宇彤. 結(jié)直腸癌流行病學(xué)趨勢[J]. 腫瘤防治研究, 2015, 42(3):305- 310.

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[7] Wang J, Dong L, Xu L, et al. B cell CLL/lymphoma 6 member B inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma metastasesinvitroand in mice[J]. Cancer Lett, 2014, 355(2):192-200.

[8] Hu S, Cao BP, Zhang M, et al. Epigenetic silencing BCL6B induced colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting P53 signaling[J]. Am J Cancer Res, 2015, 5(2):651-662.

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[11]Bartek J, Lukas J. Pathways governing G1/S transition and their response to DNA damage[J].FEBS Lett, 2001, 490(3):117-122.

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[15]Pandurangan AK. Potential targets for prevention of colorectal cancer: a focus on PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt pathways[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013, 14(4):2201- 2205.

[16]Wang L, Cao XX, Chen Q, et al. DIXDC1 targets p21 and cyclin D1 via PI3K pathway activation to promote colon cancer cell proliferation[J]. Cancer Sci, 2009, 100(10):1801-1808.

[17]Thant AA, Nawa A, Kikkawa F, et al. Fibronectin activates matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion via the MEK1-MAPK and the PI3K-Akt pathways in ovarian cancer cells[J]. Clin Exp Metastasis, 2000, 18(5):423-428.

[18]Ruhul Amin AR, Senga T, Oo ML, et al. Secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β: a role for the dual signalling pathways, Akt and Erk [J]. Genes Cells, 2003, 8(6):515-523.

[19]Kubiatowski T, Jang T, Lachyankar MB, et al. Association of increase phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling with increased invasiveness and gelatinase activity in malignant gliomas[J]. J Neurosurg, 2001, 95(3):480-488.

[20]Kim D, Kim S, Koh H, et al. Akt/PKB promotes cancer cell invasion via increased motility and metalloproteinase production[J]. FASEB J, 2001, 15(11):1953-1962.

[21]Chen S, Chen W, Zhang X, et al. Over-expression of KiSS-1 reduces colorectal cancer cell invasion by down-regulating MMP-9 via blocking PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signal pathway [J]. Int J Oncol, 2016, 48(4):1391-1398.

(責(zé)任編輯: 林白霜, 羅 森)

Effects of BCL6B on proliferation and migration of human colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells and its potential mechanism

GU Yue, LI Ai-fang, SUN Hui, LI Xue-ru, ZHA He, ZHAO Jia-li, XIE Jia-qing, ZHOU Lan

(KeyLaboratoryofLaboratoryMedicalDiagnosticsofMinistryofEducation,SchoolofLaboratoryMedicine,ChongqingMedicalUniversity,Chongqing400016,China.E-mail:zhoulan0111@foxmail.com)

AIM: To detect the endogenous expression of B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 member B (BCL6B) in FHC and LoVo cells, and to investigate the effects of BCL6B on proliferation and migration of LoVo cells for further exploring the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The endogenous expression of BCL6B in the FHC and LoVo cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The methods of MTT assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell chamber experiment were employed to examine the biological functions of BCL6B in the LoVo cells. The mRNA and protein levels of BCL6B, cyclin D1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The level of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: BCL6B expression was notably repressed in the LoVo cells as compared with the FHC cells, which were significantly increased by transfection with pcDNA3.1-BCL6B. The abilities of proliferation and migration of the LoVo cells at 72 h were inhibited by 28.33%(P<0.01) and 36.11%(P<0.05) in BCL6B group. The mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and MMP-9 in the cells of BCL6B group were decreased by 39.90%(P<0.01) and 77.36% (P<0.05), and the protein levels of cyclin D1, MMP-9 and p-AKT were reduced by 44.00%(P<0.05), 47.06%(P<0.01) and 32.88% (P<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: BCL6B inhibits proliferation and migration of the LoVo cells, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved in this process.

BCL6B; Colorectal cancer; Cell proliferation; Cell migration; PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

1000- 4718(2017)01- 0038- 08

2016- 08- 30

2016- 10- 27

R730.23

A

10.3969/j.issn.1000- 4718.2017.01.007

雜志網(wǎng)址: http://www.cjpp.net

△通訊作者 Tel: 023-68485240; E-mail: zhoulan0111@foxmail.com

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