国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

Ⅲ級睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備在住院心血管疾病患者中監(jiān)測的準(zhǔn)確性評價

2017-06-05 14:19:06王玲章佳偉黃碧霞王銳羅建方陳紀(jì)言
中國循環(huán)雜志 2017年5期
關(guān)鍵詞:王玲中重度準(zhǔn)確性

王玲,章佳偉,黃碧霞,王銳,羅建方,陳紀(jì)言

Ⅲ級睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備在住院心血管疾病患者中監(jiān)測的準(zhǔn)確性評價

王玲,章佳偉*,黃碧霞,王銳,羅建方,陳紀(jì)言

目的:評價Ⅲ級便攜式睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備(PM)在住院心血管疾病(CVD)患者中對睡眠呼吸暫停(SA)監(jiān)測的準(zhǔn)確性及應(yīng)用價值。

方法:入選101例住院CVD患者,分別應(yīng)用Ⅱ級多導(dǎo)睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備(PSG)與Ⅲ級PM進(jìn)行睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測,比較兩種監(jiān)測設(shè)備的睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù)(AHI)結(jié)果。將AHI(單位:次/h)分為正常(AHI<5)、輕度(5≤AHI<15)、中度(15≤AHI<30)、重度(AHI≥30)4等級,計算Kendall相關(guān)系數(shù)、Kappa值,進(jìn)行配對卡方檢驗。

結(jié)果:Ⅱ級PSG的AHI為(18.0±16.6)次/h,Ⅲ級PM的AHI為(18.6±17.4)次/h,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。AHI正常、輕度、中度、重度4等級,Kendall相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.701,P<0.01,呈強相關(guān)關(guān)系。一致性檢驗Kappa值為0.493,P<0.01,呈中等強度一致性。Ⅱ級PSG與Ⅲ級PM均以AHI≥15 次/h為診斷界值時一致性檢驗,Kappa值為0.679,P<0.05,呈高度一致性。以Ⅱ級PSG為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作受試者工作特征(ROC)曲線分析,以AHI≥15 次/h為診斷界值時,Ⅲ級PM曲線下面積(AUC)為0.918,敏感度為80.4%,特異度為87.3%。Ⅲ級PM最佳診斷點為AHI=15.70次/h,此時約登指數(shù)最大,為0.695。

結(jié)論:對于住院CVD患者監(jiān)測SA嚴(yán)重程度,Ⅲ級PM與Ⅱ級PSG相比,使用AHI≥15 次/h為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時一致性良好,具有較高的準(zhǔn)確性。AHI=15.70 次/h為Ⅲ級PM診斷中重度SA的最佳截點。

睡眠呼吸暫停綜合征;心血管疾?。凰吆粑O(jiān)測

(Chinese Circulation Journal, 2017,32:485.)

睡眠呼吸暫停(SA)與各種心血管疾病(CVD)發(fā)病和預(yù)后高度相關(guān)[1,2],及時識別CVD患者的SA合并情況并給予治療有利于改善患者癥狀[3,4]。研究表明80%的SA患者被漏診[5]。睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測是診斷SA的重要手段。睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測分為四個等級:I級多導(dǎo)睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備(PSG), Ⅱ級PSG,Ⅲ級便攜式睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備(PM),Ⅳ級單或雙生物參數(shù)持續(xù)記錄[6],Ⅰ級、Ⅱ級可診斷SA,Ⅲ級、Ⅳ級可篩查診斷SA[7]。CVD患者多存在睡眠維持困難,應(yīng)選擇對睡眠影響小的監(jiān)測方式[8],使用PSG費用較高、操作復(fù)雜并且佩戴可能給患者睡眠造成負(fù)擔(dān),可接受性較差[9],難以滿足住院CVD患者臨床診斷的需要,Ⅲ級PM具有經(jīng)濟(jì)、易操作、對睡眠影響小、可開展隨訪等特點。本研究擬優(yōu)化住院CVD患者SA的診斷模式,評價住院CVD患者應(yīng)用Ⅲ級PM診斷SA的準(zhǔn)確性。

1 資料與方法

研究對象:選取2015-06到2016-02在廣東省人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科住院患者135例,年齡18~75歲,均簽署知情同意書并獲倫理委員會批準(zhǔn)。最終101例完成Ⅱ級PSG和Ⅲ級PM睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測,男性89例,女性12例,年齡(52±13)歲,體重指數(shù)(26.5±3.8) kg/m2。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):拒絕完成監(jiān)測,電極脫落,實際睡眠時間<2 h。采用自身前后對照設(shè)計,隨機(jī)安排每例患者Ⅱ級和Ⅲ級兩種監(jiān)測設(shè)備的佩戴順序,監(jiān)測間隔時間為1~7天。

睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備:Ⅱ級PSG采用倍德公司生產(chǎn)的Ⅱ級設(shè)備Compumedics Somté V2,參數(shù)包括:腦電、頦肌電、眼電、心電圖、口鼻氣流、胸腹呼吸運動、脈搏氧飽和度,采用設(shè)備配套的Profusion PSG4軟件判讀睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù)(AHI)。Ⅲ級PM采用飛利浦公司生產(chǎn)的Ⅲ級設(shè)備Alice PDx,參數(shù)包括:口鼻氣流、胸腹呼吸運動、脈搏氧飽和度、脈率,采用配套的飛利浦Sleepware軟件判讀AHI。

判讀標(biāo)準(zhǔn):根據(jù)美國睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)會(AASM)2.1版判讀手冊規(guī)則判讀AHI[9],將AHI(單位:次/h)分為正常(AHI<5)、輕度(5 ≤AHI<15)、中度(15≤AHI<30)、重度(AHI≥30)4等級。AHI≥15 次/h為中重度SA診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。不判讀呼吸努力相關(guān)性覺醒(RERA)。

統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法:采用SPSS 19.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件分析結(jié)果。正態(tài)分布計量資料采用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示,用配對t檢驗進(jìn)行比較。以兩種監(jiān)測儀測量所得AHI為連續(xù)型變量,進(jìn)行配對t檢驗、Pearson相關(guān)分析,繪制Bland-Altman圖評價所得AHI的一致性。按AHI 4等級資料,計算Kendall相關(guān)系數(shù)、Kappa值,進(jìn)行配對卡方檢驗。以AHI≥15 次/h為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),計算兩種監(jiān)測儀AHI一致性Kappa值,作配對卡方檢驗。以Ⅱ級PSG所得AHI≥15次/h為界值,作受試者工作特征(ROC)曲線,分析計算Ⅲ級PM診斷的敏感度、特異度、陽性似然比、陰性似然比。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。

2 結(jié)果

2.1 101例患者兩種設(shè)備主要監(jiān)測指標(biāo)比較(表1)

101例患者兩種設(shè)備監(jiān)測AHI、最低脈氧及中重度SA比例,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P均>0.05)??傆涗洉r間Ⅱ級PSG高于Ⅲ級PM(P<0.05)。

表1 101例患者兩種設(shè)備主要監(jiān)測指標(biāo)比較

表1 101例患者兩種設(shè)備主要監(jiān)測指標(biāo)比較

注: AHI: 睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù);SA: 睡眠呼吸暫停;PSG:多導(dǎo)睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備;PM:便攜式睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測設(shè)備;REM:快速眼動睡眠期;-:未測

項目 Ⅱ級PSG Ⅲ級PM P值A(chǔ)HI (次/h) 18.0±16.6 18.6±17.4 0.516最低脈氧 (%) 87.7±5.8 87.7±6.2 0.950總記錄時間 (min) 538.6±60.5 519.4±68.9 0.042睡眠時間 (min) 409.3±74.9 - -睡眠有效率 (%) 76.3±11.0 - -REM占總睡眠時間 (%) 10.7±3.3 - -中重度SA[例 (%)] 46 (45.5) 44 (43.6) 0.804

2.2 以AHI為連續(xù)型變量作一致性分析結(jié)果

Pearson相關(guān)分析,Ⅱ級PSG與Ⅲ級PM所得AHI呈強相關(guān)(r=0.838,P<0.05),總體符合度高(圖1)。從Bland-Altman散點圖可以看出(圖2),Ⅱ級PSG和Ⅲ級PM AHI差值為(0.63±9.73)次/h,95%一致性界限為-18.4 ~19.7次/h。5.0%(5/101)的點在95%一致性界限以外;在95%一致性界限范圍內(nèi),Ⅱ級PSG與Ⅲ級PM的AHI差值的絕對值最大為19.40次/h。

2.3 以AHI為等級資料作一致性分析結(jié)果

Ⅱ級PSG 、Ⅲ級PM按AHI正常、輕度、中度、重度4等級資料分類的人數(shù)分布情況見表2。Kendall相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.701,P<0.01,呈強相關(guān)關(guān)系。一致性檢驗Kappa值為0.493,P<0.01,呈中等強度一致性。配對卡方檢驗P=0.631,兩者根據(jù)等級資料分類差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。

圖1 兩種設(shè)備AHI Pearson相關(guān)分析

圖2 兩種設(shè)備AHI Bland-Altman散點圖

表2 兩種設(shè)備按AHI正常、輕度、中度、重度4等級資料分類的人數(shù)分布情況(例)

2.4 以Ⅱ級PSG的AHI≥15 次/h為診斷臨界值時Ⅲ級PM與Ⅱ級PSG一致性及診斷價值評價

Ⅱ級PSG和Ⅲ級PM均以AHI≥15 次/h作為診斷SA的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時,符合率為84.2%[(48+37)/101],一致性檢驗 Kappa值為0.679(P<0.05),可認(rèn)為Ⅱ級PSG、Ⅲ級PM AHI呈高度一致性(表3)。以Ⅱ級PSG AHI≥15 次/h為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作ROC曲線,Ⅲ級PM曲線下面積0.918(圖3)。取AHI≥15 次/h為臨界值時,敏感度為80.4%,特異度為87.3%,約登指數(shù)0.677,陽性似然比6.331,陰性似然比0.225(表4)。根據(jù)ROC曲線,當(dāng)AHI取15.70 次/h時為最佳診斷截點,此時約登指數(shù)最大,為0.695。

表3 兩種設(shè)備以AHI≥15 次/h為診斷臨界值的人數(shù)分布(例)

圖3 以Ⅱ級PSG AHI≥15 次/h作為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時Ⅲ級PM的受試者工作特征曲線

表4 以Ⅱ級PSG AHI≥15 次/h為診斷臨界值Ⅲ級PM診斷方法參數(shù)比較

3 討論

本研究通過比較Ⅲ級PM和Ⅱ級PSG所得AHI值,兩種監(jiān)測方式一致性較高,以Ⅱ級PSG為參照,取AHI≥15 次/h為臨界值時Ⅲ級PM診斷的準(zhǔn)確性良好,AHI=15.70 次/h為Ⅲ級PM診斷SA的最優(yōu)截點。本研究中Ⅱ級和Ⅲ級監(jiān)測儀AHI呈強相關(guān)性,差異性小,以Ⅱ級為對照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計算Ⅲ級ROC曲線下面積為0.918,有較高的診斷價值。

分析Ⅱ級PSG與Ⅲ級PM 監(jiān)測差異的可能原因包括:(1)根據(jù)AHI計算原理Ⅱ級PSG AHI結(jié)果更為準(zhǔn)確[7],但研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)Ⅲ級PM結(jié)果有接近10%患者的AHI高于Ⅱ級PSG。Santos等[10]也同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)Ⅲ級PM AHI可能比Ⅱ級PSG AHI更高。(2)部分患者認(rèn)為Ⅱ級PSG比Ⅲ級PM監(jiān)測干擾睡眠。表現(xiàn)為入睡困難、睡眠維持困難和睡眠效率降低[8]。Ⅱ級PSG在信號采集過程中還存在電極脫落、腦電偽跡、頦肌電偽跡、設(shè)備干擾等問題[10-13]。住院CVD患者睡眠障礙發(fā)生率高[14]。本研究中患者(52±13)歲,Ⅱ級PSG監(jiān)測平均睡眠有效率為(76.3±11.0)%,快速眼動睡眠期(REM)占總睡眠時間為(10.7±3.3)%,REM減少可致REM相關(guān)SA事件減少[6]。(3)體位改變。Ⅲ級PM監(jiān)測患者比Ⅱ級PSG仰臥位時間長仰臥位REM睡眠中呼吸事件可能增多[15-19]。(4)首夜效應(yīng)是影響睡眠時間、睡眠結(jié)構(gòu)的另一重要因素[20]。(5)不同設(shè)備傳感器、技術(shù)員之間判讀的準(zhǔn)確性可能存在誤差[21-23]。

RERA是睡眠呼吸紊亂指數(shù)(RDI)的組成部分,但《國際睡眠疾病分類》第3版中診斷SA應(yīng)用AHI,RERA在中重度患者中所占比例少[24]。按AASM判讀手冊2.1版Ⅱ級PSG在判讀SA時RERA不是必須判讀指標(biāo)[9]。根據(jù)本研究結(jié)果,Ⅲ級PM可能比Ⅱ級PSG記錄到更加接近真實睡眠情況下的呼吸事件,如操作規(guī)范,選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑\斷界值,選用Ⅲ級PM有利于優(yōu)化住院心血管疾病患者的SA篩查診斷。

結(jié)論:對于住院CVD患者監(jiān)測SA嚴(yán)重程度,Ⅲ級PM(Philip Alice PDx)與Ⅱ級PSG(Compumedics Somté V2)相比較,使用AHI≥15次/h為診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時一致性及準(zhǔn)確性良好,AHI=15.70次/h為Ⅲ級PM診斷中重度SA的最優(yōu)截點。

[1] Somers VK. Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine: Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease. 9th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012: 1719-1725.

[2] Somers VK, White DP, Amin R, et al. Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: an American Heart Association/american College Of Cardiology Foundation Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Council for High Blood Pressure Research Professional Education Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke Council, and Council On Cardiovascular Nursing. In collaboration with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (National Institutes of Health). Circulation, 2008, 118: 1080-1111.

[3] 蔡煦, 黃劍鋒, 徐非, 等. 應(yīng)用便攜式多導(dǎo)睡眠監(jiān)測儀對邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)慢性心力衰竭伴睡眠呼吸暫?;颊叩呐R床意義. 中國循環(huán)雜志, 2015, 30: 433-437.

[4] 趙青, 柳志紅, 羅勤, 等. 持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣對冠心病合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停患者血壓和晝間嗜睡的影響. 中國循環(huán)雜志, 2012, 27: 365-368.

[5] Young T, Finn L, Peppard PE, et al. Sleep disordered breathing and mortality: eighteen-year follow-up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort. Sleep, 2008, 31: 1071-1078.

[6] Parati G, Lombardi C, Hedner J, et al. Recommendations for the management of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and hypertension. Eur Respir J, 2013, 41: 523-538.

[7] Qaseem A, Dallas P, Owens DK, et al. Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med, 2014, 161: 210-220.

[8] Redline S, Sanders MH, Lind BK, et al. Methods for obtaining and analyzing unattended polysomnography data for a multicenter study. Sleep Heart Health Research Group. Sleep, 1998, 21: 759-767.

[9] de Vries GE, van der Wal HH, Kerstjens HA, et al. Validity and Predictive Value of a Portable Two-Channel Sleep-Screening Tool in the Identification of Sleep Apnea in Patients With Heart Failure. J Card Fail, 2015, 21: 848-855.

[10] Santos-Silva R, Sartori DE, Truksinas V, et al. Validation of a portable monitoring system for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep, 2009, 32: 629-636.

[11] 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會呼吸病學(xué)分會睡眠呼吸障礙學(xué)組. 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征診治指南(2011年修訂版). 中華結(jié)核和呼吸雜志, 2012, 35: 9-12.

[12] Yin M, Miyazaki S, Ishikawa K. Evaluation of type 3 portable monitoring in unattended home setting for suspected sleep apnea: factors that may affect its accuracy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2006, 134: 204-209.

[13] 王莞爾, 高和. 睡眠中心外睡眠監(jiān)測在診斷成人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停中的應(yīng)用. 中華醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2015, 95: 1203-1205.

[14] 李艷春, 王建秀. 心血管內(nèi)科住院病人失眠相關(guān)因素分析及對策.護(hù)理研究, 2003, 17: 1067-1068.

[15] Li CK, Flemons WW. State of home sleep studies. Clin Chest Med, 2003, 24: 283-295.

[16] Levendowski D, Steward D, Woodson BT, et al. The impact of obstructive sleep apnea variability measured in-lab versus in-home on sample size calculations. Int Arch Med, 2009, 2: 2.

[17] Littner MR. Portable monitoring in the diagnosis of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med, 2005, 26: 56-67. [18] BaHammam AS. Signal failure of type 2 comprehensive unattended sleep studies in patients with suspected respiratory sleep disordered breathing. Sleep Breath, 2005, 9: 7-11.

[19] El-Kersh K, Cavallazzi R, Patel PM, et al. Effect of Sleep State and Position on Obstructive Respiratory Events Distribution in Adolescent Children. J Clin Sleep Med, 2016, 12: 513-517.

[20] Ma J, Zhang C, Zhang J, et al. Prospective study of first night effect on 2-night polysomnographic parameters in adult Chinese snorers with suspected obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Chin Med J, 2011, 124: 4127-4131.

[21] Silva GE, Vana KD, Goodwin JL, et al. Identification of patients with sleep disordered breathing: comparing the four-variable screening tool, STOP, STOP-Bang, and Epworth Sleepiness Scales. J Clin Sleep Med, 2011, 7: 467-472.

[22] Ballester E, Solans M, Vila X, et al. Evaluation of a portable respiratory recording device for detecting apnoeas and hypopnoeas in subjects from a general population. Eur Respir J, 2000, 16: 123-127.

[23] Garde A, Dehkordi P, Karlen W, et al. Development of a screening tool for sleep disordered breathing in children using the phone Oximeter. PLoS One, 2014, 9: e112959.

[24] Somers VK. Frequency and accuracy of "RERA" and "RDI" terms in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine from 2006 through 2012. J Clin Sleep Med, 2014, 10: 121-124.

Accuracy Assessment of Type III Portable Monitor of Sleep Apnea for In-hospital Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

WANG Ling, ZHANG Jia-wei, HUANG Bi-xia, WANG Rui, LUO Jian-fang, CHEN Ji-yan.

Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Guangzhou (510080), Guangdong, China

WANG Ling, Email: 13922711188@163.com

Objective: To assess the accuracy and application value of type III portable monitor (III PM) of sleep apnea (SA) for in-hospital patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

??A total of 101 CVD patients

sleep apnea monitoring by both type II polysomnography ( II PSG) and III PM were enrolled to compare the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) measured by 2 instruments. AHI was assigned into 4 grades: Normal (AHI<5), Mild grade (5≤AHI<15), Moderate grade (15≤AHI<30) and Severe grade (AHI≥30). Kendall correlation coeff i cient and Kappa value were calculated, pair wise t test was conducted in relevant patients.

Results: II PSG and III PM measured AHI were (18.0±16.6) events/h and (18.6±17.4) events/h, P>0.05. Kendall correlation coeff i cient for 4 AHI grades was 0.701, P<0.01 which assumed strong correlation; Kappa value of consistency was 0.493, P<0.01 which assumed medium strong correlation. Using AHI≥15 as cut-off point, Kappa coefficient for the consistency between II PSG and III PM was 0.679, P<0.05, which meant high consistency. Taking II PSG as standard and AHI≥15 as cut-off point, the AUC of III PM measured AHI was 0.918 with the specif i city at 80.4% and sensitivity at 87.3%. The best diagnosing cut-off value of III PM was AHI=15.70, at this point, the maximum Youden’s index was obtained as 0.695.

Conclusion: Using AHI≥15 as standard, III PM and II PSG had the favorable consistency and accuracy for monitoring the severity of SA for in-hospital patients with cardiovascular disease. AHI=15.7 was the best cut-off point of III PM indiagnosing moderate and severe SA in relevant patients.

Sleep apnea Cardiovascular disease Syndrom; Sleep apnea monitoring

2016-08-01)

(編輯:王寶茹)

廣東省科技計劃資助項目(2014A020212637)

510080 廣東省廣州市,廣東省人民醫(yī)院(廣東省醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院) 廣東省心血管病研究所 廣東省冠心病重點實驗室 心內(nèi)科(王玲、章佳偉、王銳、羅建方、陳紀(jì)言);中山大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院(黃碧霞)

王玲 副主任醫(yī)師 博士 主要研究方向為心血管疾病與睡眠呼吸暫停 Email:13922711188@163.com 通訊作者:王玲*為共同第一作者

R54

A

1000-3614(2017)05-0485-04

10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2017.05.015

猜你喜歡
王玲中重度準(zhǔn)確性
少年追夢郎
淺談如何提高建筑安裝工程預(yù)算的準(zhǔn)確性
少年追夢郎
探討Scarf截骨術(shù)治療中重度拇外翻的療效
中重度宮腔粘連術(shù)后預(yù)防宮腔粘連的臨床分析
美劇翻譯中的“神翻譯”:準(zhǔn)確性和趣味性的平衡
論股票價格準(zhǔn)確性的社會效益
中重度頸脊髓壓迫患者術(shù)前術(shù)后MRI研究
Ustekinuma b 治療中重度斑塊狀銀屑病的系統(tǒng)評價
超聲引導(dǎo)在腎組織活檢中的準(zhǔn)確性和安全性分析
滨海县| 柏乡县| 万盛区| 大新县| 开化县| 云林县| 平凉市| 平武县| 滁州市| 华坪县| 方正县| 柳州市| 怀安县| 临海市| 方城县| 钟祥市| 简阳市| 城步| 清河县| 朔州市| 焉耆| 嘉义市| 资溪县| 柳州市| 隆回县| 威海市| 静乐县| 大荔县| 临安市| 乐都县| 云梦县| 平泉县| 台山市| 左权县| 临沂市| 南木林县| 长丰县| 嘉祥县| 武义县| 木兰县| 武强县|