成曉玲 馬潔 陳振萍 史強(qiáng) 田超 吳潤暉 王曉玲
[摘要] 目的 分析再生障礙性貧血(AA)患兒免疫治療中環(huán)孢素A(CsA)的血藥濃度影響因素,為其治療藥物監(jiān)測和個(gè)體化用藥提供參考。 方法 收集2014年1月~2017年12月至首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬兒童醫(yī)院就診并進(jìn)行CsA免疫治療的104例非重型AA患兒的臨床資料,包括性別、年齡、體重、臨床診斷、CsA濃度、用法用量、合并用藥、不良反應(yīng)等,并對監(jiān)測結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果 104例患兒中首次治療藥物監(jiān)測結(jié)果在治療窗內(nèi)的僅占18%(19例),不在治療窗內(nèi)的患兒藥物劑量調(diào)整次數(shù)為1、2、3、4次以及≥5次者分別占總?cè)藬?shù)的21%(22例)、20%(21例)、13%(14例)、9%(8例)、19%(20例)。治療藥物監(jiān)測中位次數(shù)為3次(1~13次),合并應(yīng)用黃連素9例,伏立康唑1例,均于合并用藥后血藥濃度達(dá)到治療窗范圍。統(tǒng)計(jì)104例患兒中發(fā)生的不良反應(yīng),有9.6%(10例)僅出現(xiàn)了多毛,4.8%(5例)僅出現(xiàn)了齒齦增生,11.6%(12例)出現(xiàn)多毛及齒齦增生,1.9%(2例)出現(xiàn)血壓增高,1.9%(2例)出現(xiàn)肝酶異常。 結(jié)論 CsA的藥動(dòng)學(xué)參數(shù)個(gè)體差異大,CsA血藥濃度受多種因素影響,尤其是兒童,及時(shí)監(jiān)測AA患兒的CsA血藥濃度,可以指導(dǎo)其個(gè)體化合理用藥。同時(shí)優(yōu)化和尋找提高CsA血藥濃度的方法勢在必行。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 環(huán)孢素A;治療藥物監(jiān)測;再生障礙性貧血;兒童
[中圖分類號] R725 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-7210(2018)10(b)-0108-04
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the factors influencing the blood concentration of cyclosporine A (CsA) in treatment of children with aplastic anemia (AA), and provide reference for the therapeutic drug monitoring of CsA and individualized medication. Methods Clinical data of 104 children with non-severe AA treated in Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2014 to December 2017 were enrolled in this study, including gender, age, weight, clinical diagnosis, CsA blood concentration, usage and dosage, combined medication, and adverse drug reaction, et al. The results were analyzed statically. Results Among the first time of therapeutic drug monitoring children, only 18% (19 cases) were within the therapeutic window. Constituent ratios of children with dose titration once, twice, three times, four times, equal or more than five times were 21% (22 cases), 20% (21 cases), 13% (14 cases), 9% (8 cases), 19% (20 cases) respectively. The median times of therapeutic drug monitoring was 3 times (1-13 times). There were 9 cases treated combined with Berberine and 1 case was treated with Voriconazole, and the blood concentration reached the therapeutic window after the combination of drugs of 104 cases. Children with adverse reattioms were coun ted among the 104 cases, and there were 9.6% (10 cases) simply appearing hairy adverse reaction, 4.8% (5 cases) simply appearing gingiva hyperplasia, 11.6% (12 cases) appearing the two, 1.9% (2 cases) with blood pressure increasing, 1.9% (2 cases) with abnormal liver enzymes. Conclusion The pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA vary greatly among individuals, and the concentration of CsA blood drug is affected by many factors. Especially for children, timely monitoring the concentration of CsA blood drug of children with AA can guide their individualized medication rationally. It is imperative to find ways to optimize and improve the concentration of CsA.