劉亞良,秦書敏,黃光建,王 萌
陜西省漢中市中心醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)影像診斷科(漢中 723000)
3.0T MRI LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查對(duì)膽系結(jié)石的診斷價(jià)值*
劉亞良,秦書敏?,黃光建,王 萌
陜西省漢中市中心醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)影像診斷科(漢中 723000)
*陜西省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016LL07-2-03-17)
?通訊作者
目的:分析3.0 T MRI的LAVA-Flex結(jié)合MRCP在診斷膽系結(jié)石的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。方法:收集膽系結(jié)石患者254例,采用合MRCP檢查及3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查對(duì)患者進(jìn)行診斷,分析LAVA-Flex結(jié)合MRCP在診斷膽系結(jié)石的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。結(jié)果:LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列檢測(cè)254例患者中,20例膽囊合并膽總管結(jié)石病,30例肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石,40例肝內(nèi)膽管合并膽總管結(jié)石,72例膽總管結(jié)石,92例膽囊結(jié)石;采用LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列陽性檢出率高于單獨(dú)MRCP序列掃描檢查結(jié)果,且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查對(duì)膽系結(jié)石進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)時(shí),可有效獲取高信噪比的影像學(xué)圖像,提高結(jié)石病灶的檢出率,具有較高的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
3.0T MRI內(nèi)插擾相快速梯度回波T1WI(LAVA-Flex,Liver Acquisition with Volume Acceleration-Flexible)序列是臨床中應(yīng)用較廣的新型T1WI序列,其具有抑制偽影及脂肪效果好,掃描速度快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),其可以有效定性分析病灶、發(fā)現(xiàn)微小病灶、明確周圍組織關(guān)系并判斷病灶范圍,在對(duì)腹部實(shí)質(zhì)性臟器進(jìn)行檢查時(shí)得以廣泛應(yīng)用[1-2]。磁共振胰膽管造影(Magnetic resonance cholangiopanceratography,MRCP)是應(yīng)用較廣的基于重T2加權(quán)成像技術(shù),可顯著對(duì)比人體內(nèi)間歇性流動(dòng)或人體內(nèi)流動(dòng)緩慢的靜態(tài)液與周圍軟組織,隨著科技的發(fā)展MRCP成像技術(shù)的應(yīng)用以日臻成熟[3]。目前MRCP對(duì)膽系結(jié)石性疾病診斷被大家廣泛接受及認(rèn)可,但LAVA-Flex在膽系結(jié)石的診斷應(yīng)用仍鮮有報(bào)道。因而筆者對(duì)我院收治的254例膽系結(jié)石患者作為本組研究對(duì)象,分析MRCP聯(lián)合LAVA-Flex在診斷膽系結(jié)石的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
1 一般資料 收集我院2014年1月至2016年4月間收治的膽系結(jié)石患者254例?;颊咭蚋雇?、腹部不適于我院就診,在影像學(xué)檢查確診后手術(shù)取石確診為膽系結(jié)石。所有患者中,男110例,女144例,年齡21~88歲,平均年齡(58.73±8.39)歲。經(jīng)我院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),參與本組研究所有患者均對(duì)本研究知情,并簽署知情同意書。
2 檢查方法 在檢查前患者均禁食、禁水6 h,掃描前由專業(yè)護(hù)理人員指導(dǎo)其開展呼吸訓(xùn)練?;颊咴跈z查前20 min排除禁忌后肌肉注射10 mg 654-2,抑制胃腸道蠕動(dòng)。后使用3.0T超導(dǎo)MRI機(jī)(GE Signa HDxt),加呼吸控門,8通道Torsor相控陣線圈。
呼吸觸發(fā)快速回波脂肪抑制T2WI掃描序列(RTr Ax fs T2):矩陣288×224,層厚6 mm,F(xiàn)OV 40 cm×40 cm,層間距1.5 mm,TR 6 000ms,TE 85 ms,采集次數(shù)2;呼吸觸發(fā)軸位擴(kuò)散加權(quán)成像掃描序列(RTr Ax DWI):矩陣128×128,層厚6 mm,F(xiàn)OV 40 cm×40 cm,層間距1.5 mm,b=150 s/mm2/800 s/mm2,采集次數(shù)2/6;屏氣二維磁共振膽胰管成像掃描序列(BH 2D MRCP):矩陣288×288,層厚50 mm,F(xiàn)OV 30 cm×30 cm,層間距0 mm,TR 7 000 ms;呼吸觸發(fā)三維磁共振膽胰管成像掃描序列(RTr 3D MRCP):矩陣:320×224,層厚5 mm,F(xiàn)OV 38 cm×38 cm,層間距1 mm,TE 68 ms,TE 85 ms;三維擾相快速梯度回波T1WI掃描序列(BH Ax LAVA-Flex):矩陣320×224,層厚4 mm,F(xiàn)OV 38 cm×38 cm
3 圖像分析 本組研究中所獲取圖像均由2位3年以上工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)師獨(dú)立閱片,分別對(duì)MRCP序列及LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列掃描所獲取圖像進(jìn)行分析,記錄所有患者的膽系結(jié)石檢出數(shù)目、大小、信號(hào)特征,并對(duì)比分析手術(shù)檢查結(jié)果,若兩位醫(yī)師意見不同則另外找一位5年以上工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)師進(jìn)行診斷并評(píng)價(jià)。
4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS 18.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件分析,使用Mc Nemar檢驗(yàn)分析組間數(shù)據(jù)差異,以P<0.05時(shí)認(rèn)為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
1 LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列檢測(cè)結(jié)果 LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列檢測(cè)在254例患者中,20例膽囊合并膽總管結(jié)石病, 30例肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石,40例肝內(nèi)膽管合并膽總管結(jié)石,72例膽總管結(jié)石,92例膽囊結(jié)石,見表1。
表1 LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列檢測(cè)結(jié)果(例)
2 MRCP序列與LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列診斷的臨床檢出率 采用LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列陽性檢出率高于單獨(dú)MRCP序列掃描檢查結(jié)果,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。
表2 MRCP序列與LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列診斷的臨床檢出率(例)
注:MRCP序列單獨(dú)與聯(lián)合LAVA-Flex檢出率比較,P<0.05
圖1 典型病例圖
現(xiàn)階段在超聲、MRCP、CT等方法是對(duì)膽系結(jié)石患者進(jìn)行無創(chuàng)性檢查的主要方法[4]。MRCP在對(duì)膽道結(jié)石檢查的應(yīng)用較廣,重T2WI掃描檢查時(shí)可使膽系內(nèi)相對(duì)靜止的胰液、膽液呈現(xiàn)明顯的高信號(hào),并而結(jié)石則呈相對(duì)明顯的低信號(hào),因而在對(duì)膽系結(jié)石時(shí)具有特異性及敏感性較高的優(yōu)點(diǎn)[5-6]。與超聲檢查相比,MRCP可有效避免操作者主觀經(jīng)驗(yàn)水平及腸腔氣體的影響,相較于CT檢查,MRCP可有效避免假陰性結(jié)果,且不會(huì)造成放射性損傷[7]。MRCP多序列掃描圖像可觀察到膽總管及周圍復(fù)雜組織結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系,可見明顯結(jié)石特征,因而MRCP在診斷膽系結(jié)石時(shí)應(yīng)用較廣[8]。但在對(duì)膽系泥沙樣結(jié)石或小結(jié)石時(shí),MRCP的診斷仍存在一定困難,易出現(xiàn)假陰性結(jié)果[9]。與傳統(tǒng)快速梯度回波T1WI相比,3.0 T MRI的LAVA-Flex掃描序列是新型內(nèi)插擾相快速梯度回波T1WI序列,可有效采集同相位、反相位、脂相、水相圖像[10-11]。采用該掃描序列進(jìn)行檢查,具有較好的脂肪抑制效果,且可明顯減少噪聲干擾,可獲取高信噪比圖像,有利于膽系結(jié)石的診斷[12]。
本組研究結(jié)果顯示,采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列對(duì)患者進(jìn)行檢查時(shí),可有效發(fā)現(xiàn)患者病灶,且采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列陽性檢出率高于單獨(dú)MRCP序列掃描檢查結(jié)果。此外,采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列成像信噪比較高,可見多發(fā)結(jié)石。分析認(rèn)為,采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查時(shí)可有效利用高密度“靶向性”線圈及高性能磁場(chǎng)技術(shù),有效縮短磁場(chǎng)梯度提升時(shí)間、增強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度、縮短回波時(shí)間及重復(fù)時(shí)間、減小磁敏感容積及線圈尺寸,提高空間分辨率,有效提高信噪比, 實(shí)現(xiàn)超快速掃描、高清晰度拍攝。此外,兩種序列聯(lián)用可采用同性三維圖像,消除T1加權(quán)梯度回波序列的二維圖像的部分容積及上交叉間隔偽影[13]。在采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列可在同一呼吸控制過程中通過陣列空間敏感編碼技術(shù)降低屏氣引起的偽影,獲取高清圖像并提高診斷準(zhǔn)確率[14-15]。采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex聯(lián)合MRCP序列在對(duì)小結(jié)石進(jìn)行診斷時(shí),可有效診斷微小膽系結(jié)石的復(fù)雜信號(hào),其敏感性顯著高于單獨(dú)使用MRCP序列進(jìn)行掃描。筆者對(duì)疑似膽系結(jié)石患者采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP序列進(jìn)行掃描,可有效發(fā)現(xiàn)MRCP序列掃描發(fā)現(xiàn)的異常結(jié)節(jié)狀信號(hào),降低小結(jié)石的漏診率。
綜上所述,采用3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查對(duì)膽系結(jié)石進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)時(shí),可有效獲取高信噪比的影像學(xué)圖像,提高結(jié)石病灶的檢出率,具有較高的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。但本組研究臨床樣本數(shù)較小,且泥沙樣結(jié)石及微小結(jié)石樣本量較小,且受制于經(jīng)費(fèi)限制未對(duì)結(jié)石成分進(jìn)行分析,有待于后續(xù)擴(kuò)大臨床樣本數(shù)并深入探討3.0T MRI的LAVA-Flex序列結(jié)合MRCP檢查中不同信號(hào)膽系結(jié)石的成分區(qū)別,為臨床應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。
[1] Fischer A,Kraff O,Orzada S,etal.Ultrahigh-field imaging of the biliary tract at 7 T:Initial results of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiography [J].Investigative Radiology,2014,49(5):346-353.
[2] Bashir MR,Breault SR,Braun R,etal.Optimal timing and diagnostic adequacy of hepatocyte phase imaging with gadoxetate-enhanced liver MRI[J].Academic Radiology,2014,21(6):726-732.
[3] 榮凡令,石鳳祥,徐田勇.測(cè)定LAVA-Flex序列評(píng)估肝臟鐵過載及脂肪變性的價(jià)值[J].江蘇醫(yī)藥,2015,41(13):1566-1567.
[4] Arnaoutakis DJ,Kim Y,Pulitano C,etal.Management of biliary cystic tumors:a multi-institutional analysis of a rare liver tumor[J].Annals of Surgery,2015,261(2):361-367.
[5] Lee ES,Lee JM,Yu MH,etal.High spatial resolution,respiratory-gated,t1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the liver and the biliary tract during the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic Acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging[J].Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography,2014,38(3):360-366.
[6] 杜紹楠,班允超,李 龍,等.腦垂體膿腫15例CT和MRI表現(xiàn)及臨床病理研究[J].陜西醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2013,42(1):104-107.
[7] 張 萍,董江寧,高 飛,等.3.0TMRI高b值擴(kuò)散加權(quán)成像在宮頸癌分期中的應(yīng)用[J].實(shí)用放射學(xué)雜志,2016,32(8):1246-1249.
[8] Horst AVD,Lens E,Wognum S,etal.Limited role for biliary stent as surrogate fiducial marker in pancreatic cancer:stent and intratumoral fiducials compared[J].International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics,2014,89(3):641-648.
[9] 班允清,穆 萌,劉曉蓓,等.GE3.0T磁共振多b值在子宮肌瘤海扶刀治療評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用研究[J].中國醫(yī)療設(shè)備,2016,31(7):109-110.
[10] 劉文玉.中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療慢性膽囊炎合并膽結(jié)石療效觀察[J].陜西中醫(yī),2013,34(4):444-446.
[11] Sugita R,Furuta A,Yamazaki T,etal.Direct visualization of pancreatic juice flow using unenhanced MRI with spin labeling can be aid in diagnosing chronic pancreatitis[J].American Journal of Roentgenology,2014,202(5):1027-1034.
[12] Wada N,Nouso K,Kariyama K,etal.Liver sarcoidosis with unique MRI images using gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid[J].Acta Medica Okayama,2015,69(5):307-311.
[13] 毛巨江,沈桂權(quán),焦 俊,等.MRI-LAVA序列與增強(qiáng)CT掃描診斷肝臟結(jié)節(jié)性病變[J].貴陽醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2015,40(1):93-96.
[14] 張永順,杜昱平,許顏暉,等.探討磁共振3D LAVA技術(shù)對(duì)Budd-Chiari綜合征的診斷價(jià)值[J].中國現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2014,24(12):91-94.
[15] Gurneychampion O,Slot TB,Lens E,etal.TU-H-206-08:Quantitative Impact of Biliary Stent Artefacts On MR Images[J].Medical Physics,2016,43(6):3775-3775.
(收稿:2017-05-23)
DiagnosticvalueofLAVA-Flexsequenceof3.0TMRIcombinedwithMRCPinthediagnosisofbiliarycalculi
Liu Yaliang, Qin Shumin, Huang Guangjian, et al.
Department of Medical Imaging Ciagnosis, Hanzhong Central Hospital in Shaanxi Province(Hanzhoung 723000)
sObjective:Analysis of 3 T MRI LAVA-Flex combined with MRCP in the diagnosis of bile duct stones. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 254 cases of biliary calculi in patients with clinical data, using LAVA-Flex sequence MRCP 3.0T MRI examination and diagnosis of patients with MRCP examination, analysis of LAVA-Flex combined with MRCP in the diagnosis of biliary calculi. Results:3T MRI LAVA-Flex combined with MRCP sequencing in 254 patients, 20 cases of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis, 30 cases of intrahepatic bile duct stones, 40 cases of intrahepatic bile duct and common bile duct stones, 72 cases of common bile duct stones, 92 cases of gallbladder calculi; combined with LAVA-Flex sequence of MRCP positive rate was higher than that of single MRCP sequence scan results, and the difference between the statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions:3.0T MRI LAVA-Flex sequence combined with MRCP examination for the evaluation of biliary stones, can effectively obtain high signal-to-noise ratio imaging image, improve the detection rate of stone lesions, with high clinical value of LAVA-Flex.
Cholelithiasis/diagnosis @Liver acquisition with volume vcceleration-flexible Cholangiopanceratography,magnetic resonance
膽結(jié)石/診斷 @內(nèi)插擾相快速梯度回波T1WI序列 胰膽管,造影,磁共振
R445.2
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000-7377.2018.03.014