⊙ By Simon Armitage ⊙ 翻譯:思葦
THIS LITERARY LIFE
書香伴我行
“讀書足以怡情,足以傅彩,足以長才。”(Studies serve for delight, for ornament,and for ability.)
去讀書吧,不管是小說、戲劇、童話、游記,還是論著、散文、寓言、詩歌……
去讀書吧,不管是現(xiàn)實主義、浪漫主義、古典主義、未來主義,還是哥特式、意識流、荒誕派、超小說……
去讀書吧,不管是房龍、村上春樹、伊索、安徒生,還是海明威、伍爾夫、塞萬提斯、托爾斯泰……
去讀書吧,不管是俄底修斯、冉阿讓、福爾摩斯、郝思嘉,還是哈姆雷特、達西先生、蓋茨比、弗蘭肯斯坦……
這個春天,帶上一本好書,我們踏青去!
文學(xué)是一種文化的根,是一個族群的魂??v使遠(yuǎn)隔千年時空,那一個個光輝燦爛的文學(xué)形象如今讀來依舊鮮活,依然能夠真切地觸動現(xiàn)代人的心弦。他們就是人類長河里的盞盞明燈,給后世照亮前進的道路……
I’m in the1)Mediterranean [?med?t??re?n??n] n. 地中海(相當(dāng)于Mediterranean sea)Mediterranean on the2)trail [tre?l] n. 足跡,蹤跡,痕跡trail of a legend—a3)warrior [?w?r??(r)] n. 戰(zhàn)士,勇士warrior from Greece who4)triumph [?tra??mf] v. 獲得勝利,成功triumphed at5)Troy 特洛伊,小亞細(xì)亞西北部的古城,位于今天的土耳其,相傳希臘與特洛伊兩軍曾在此鏖戰(zhàn)十年。Troy. His name is Odysseus,and he’s the hero of a 2,500-year-old poem called the Odyssey. It’s the diary of a lost man and a wandering soul. It describes a ten-year journey6)crisscross [?kr?skr?s] v. 交叉,交叉往來crisscrossing these oceans and7)pinball [?p?nb??l] v. 像彈球一樣移動pinballing between islands. Told by our first author, Homer, the Odyssey has become a foundation stone of Western literature.
But who is Odysseus? I thought I’d ask Dimitris and Andreas, a couple of retired8)merchant [?mз?t??nt] adj. 商業(yè)的,商船的merchant seamen who spent much of their working lives at sea.
Dimitris: My seaman’s life was just the same life. I went to too many places. I had a lot of experiences, and then I came to an end. And I think all of us…all of us come to an end.I mean, that’s…that is the story. It is a very,very human story.
Simon: So that makes him…makes it more real in some sense?
Dimitris: It is real. It is real. That’s why this poem is9)eternal [??tз?n(?)l] adj. 永恒的,不朽的eternal. If you read it and you see the details and so on, you will discover your own life. This is my life.Andreas: Yeah.
Dimitris: He went through too many adventures, you know, as we did, as seamen,both of us.
Andreas: Every man has his Odysseus inside—in his mind.
Dimitris: But after that, you have to settle down, and this is what all of us…we do in life. It’s a lesson of life.
Andreas: And when you are a young one,and you go to work on a ship, you think that everything is a game. But as the years have passed, you feel very, very different.
One thing I understand from meeting people like Andreas and Dimitris is just how important the Odyssey is to the Greek people. Someone once said the Odyssey is“10)alive to 充分意識到,感覺到,對……敏感alive to every11)tremor [?trem?(r)] n. 顫動,震動tremor and12)gleam [ɡli?m] n. 閃光,微光gleam of existence.”
I want to get a sense of what it’s like to be at sea for long periods, so I’ve come to a13)naval [?ne?v(?)l] adj. 海軍的,軍艦的naval base on the Greek mainland. I’d love to chat with Odysseus about his leadership skills, but since I can’t, I thought I’d try the next best thing: Commander Spyros Lagares is in charge of 160 men on the Greek Navy14)frigate [?fr?ɡ?t] n. 護衛(wèi)艦Frigate, Nikiforos Fokas. I15)cheekily [?t?i?k?l?] adv. 厚臉皮地,無禮地cheekily wonder whether he fancied himself as a bit of a modern day Odysseus…
Spyros: Yes. I think that all Greeks do believe that we do have a connection with Odysseus.You can say so, yes. This is the way I feel and I think most of us feel this way, yeah.
CY百科
◆ Homer 荷馬:古希臘偉大的失明詩人,大約生活在公元前9–8世紀(jì)之間,相傳他將當(dāng)時的民間傳說和短歌進行整理綜合,最后編寫成兩部史詩《伊利亞特》(Iliad)和《奧德賽》(Odyssey),詳盡記載了特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭的始末、各路英雄的事跡,以及俄底修斯戰(zhàn)后歷經(jīng)漂泊才得以歸家的冒險之旅。這兩部作品合稱《荷馬史詩》,是古希臘神話體系中的重要部分,也是整個西方文化體系的根基,對西方宗教、歷史、文學(xué)、倫理等方面有著巨大影響,荷馬因此被奉為“西方文學(xué)的始祖”。
參考譯文
我在地中海追尋著一段傳奇——那是一位在特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭獲得勝利的希臘勇士。他名叫俄底修斯,是2500年前的史詩《奧德賽》的主人公。這是一本關(guān)于迷失者和漂泊者的紀(jì)行,敘述了一段在海洋和島嶼之間輾轉(zhuǎn)奔波的十年之旅。《奧德賽》的作者是西方最早的作家荷馬,這段傳說后來成了西方文學(xué)的奠基石。
可是,俄底修斯到底是誰呢?我想我得去問問季米特里斯和安德烈亞斯——他倆在退休前都是商船上的水手,大部分時間都要在海上工作。
季米特里斯:我的海員生活就跟俄底修斯一樣,去過很多地方,經(jīng)歷過很多事情,后來一切都結(jié)束了。我想,我們所有人……每個水手都會有結(jié)束漂泊的那一天,我的意思是,那……就像故事里一樣。這是一個很有人性的故事。
西蒙:這就使他……從某種意義上,這些描寫會讓故事顯得更加真實吧?
季米特里斯:它是真實的,它就是一個真實的故事,這正是《奧德賽》如此歷久常新的原因所在。如果你仔細(xì)品讀,看看里面的各種細(xì)節(jié),你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)詩中所講的正是自己的生活——這就是我的生活。
安德烈亞斯:沒錯。
季米特里斯:你瞧,他經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的冒險,就像
我們海員一樣——我們倆的生活就是這樣。
安德烈亞斯:每個男人心里都有屬于自己的俄底修斯。季米特里斯:不過,在那之后,你就得安定下來,這是我們所有人……我們的人生都是這樣過來的,這就是生活教會我們的事情。
安德烈亞斯:年輕的時候,你在船上工作,難免覺得一切都是兒戲。然而,隨著歲月流逝,你的感受就會大不一樣了。
我從安德烈亞斯和季米特里斯身上明白了一點:《奧德賽》在希臘人心目中占據(jù)著一個非常重要的位置。有人曾說,這部史詩“能夠敏銳地捕捉到生存的每一絲微光與顫動”。
我想知道長期待在海上會有什么感覺,于是我來到希臘大陸上的一個海軍基地。我倒是蠻想與俄底修斯本人聊聊他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技巧,但這顯然是不可能的,我只好退而求其次了:斯皮羅斯·拉加雷斯司令官統(tǒng)率著160人,他們在希臘海軍護衛(wèi)艦“麥歐利斯號”上工作。我不禁有點冒失地想,他會不會覺得自己就是當(dāng)代的俄底修斯……
斯皮羅斯:是的,在我看來,每一個希臘人都覺得自己跟俄底修斯有所聯(lián)系。你可以這樣說,確實如此,我就是這么想的,大多數(shù)人也會有這種感覺,沒錯兒。