文/丹尼爾·E.斯洛特尼克 譯/程颋

Though Lin and Liang worked to save remnants of ancient China,their lives were inextricably entangled with1entangle sb/sth (in/with sth) 使糾纏。modern Chinese history.

[2] Liang was born in Tokyo on April 20, 1901, where his father, Liang Qichao, a leading Chinese intellectual and reformist, was stationed. Lin was born in Hangzhou, China, on June 10,1904. Children of prominent families,they both lived and studied abroad and grew up to be open-minded intellectuals when much of Chinese society was constrained by strict traditions.

[3] Their families knew each other,and they journeyed to the United States together to attend the University of Pennsylvania in 1924. Lin was enthusiastic about studying architecture, but the university’s architecture school would not admit her because it was considered improper for young ladies to work late into the night, unsupervised,with young men. So when they graduated in 1927 Lin earned a bachelor of fine arts degree, having taken classes in architecture, and Liang became the ofif cial architect, earning a bachelor’s and later a master’s degree in the field. But they always worked together.

盡管林徽因和梁思成的工作是拯救古代中國建筑遺跡，但他們的生活卻和現(xiàn)代中國歷史不可分割地糾纏在一起。

[2]梁思成于1901年4月20日出生于東京，當(dāng)時他的父親、中國杰出的知識分子和改革家梁啟超居住在那里。林徽因于1904年6月10日出生于中國杭州。兩人皆出自名門。在大部分中國社會還為嚴(yán)格的傳統(tǒng)所束縛的時候，他們卻在海外生活學(xué)習(xí)，成長為思想開明的知識分子。

[3]雙方的家庭是世交。1924年，林徽因和梁思成一起前往美國，到賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)求學(xué)。林徽因很想學(xué)建筑學(xué)，但賓大建筑學(xué)院不肯招收她，理由是年輕女士在無人監(jiān)護的情況下，和年輕男子一起工作到深夜，被視為不得體。所以當(dāng)他們于1927年畢業(yè)時，林徽因拿到了美術(shù)學(xué)士學(xué)位，并已選修過建筑方面的課程；而梁思成正式成為建筑師，先后拿到這一領(lǐng)域的學(xué)士學(xué)位和碩士學(xué)位。但兩人始終在一起工作。

[4] “I think they saw each other as partners, not as business but as life partners,” Nancy S. Steinhardt2美國賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)東亞語言與文明系系主任、賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館中國藝術(shù)分館館長。, a professor of East Asian art at the University of Pennsylvania who has studied the couple’s work, said in a telephone interview. “It’s not clear who did which parts of drawings or articles they wrote;they were a team.”

[5] At first glance they made an incongruous3incongruous不合適的；不相稱的。couple. Lin was a glamorous, vivacious polymath4polymath博學(xué)家。who wrote poetry, fiction, criticism and drama, and made her home into a kind of intellectual salon.

[6] Liang was a highly focused architect and teacher who could be taciturn5taciturn不茍言笑的；沉默寡言的。,but warmed to people once he knew them. Their differences proved complementary, much to the bene fit of Chinese architecture.

[4]“我認(rèn)為他們視彼此為伙伴，不是工作上的合伙人，而是生活中的伴侶?！辟e夕法尼亞大學(xué)的東亞藝術(shù)教授夏南悉研究過兩人的作品，她在電話采訪中說，“分不清楚哪些圖是誰畫的，哪些文章是誰寫的，他們是一個團隊?！?/p>

[5]乍看上去這對夫婦并不相配。林徽因是個魅力四射、生氣勃勃、博學(xué)多識的人，她寫詩歌、小說、評論和戲劇，把自己的家變成了知識分子的沙龍。

[6]而梁思成是個非常專注于工作的建筑師和教師，他不愛說話，但和別人熟悉之后，又對人很熱情。事實證明，兩人的不同之處正是互補之處，這對他們研究中國建筑的工作大有裨益。

[7] Lin entertained several suitors as a young woman, including the poet Xu Zhimo, but married Liang in Canada in 1928, where they traveled after their graduation. After several months in Europe they returned to China, where Liang and Chinese colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania founded the architecture department at Northeastern University in Shenyang, the country’s second architecture program61928年7月，東北大學(xué)建筑系創(chuàng)建，是我國近代較早設(shè)立的高等建筑教育機構(gòu)之一。從美國賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)畢業(yè)的梁思成、林徽因應(yīng)張學(xué)良校長的邀請，來校創(chuàng)辦了我國北方的第一個建筑系。梁思成先后邀請到陳植、童寯、蔡方蔭等大師加盟東北大學(xué)建筑系，首屆招生15人。早期東北大學(xué)建筑系雖然只辦了3年，卻培養(yǎng)了一批像劉致平、劉鴻典、張镈、趙正之、陳繹勤等卓有成就的建筑學(xué)者和大師。. His academic writings and lectures from the 1930s were eventually bound and released as “A History of Chinese Architecture,” a rare effort to write a comprehensive book about the subject.

[8] During the early 1930s, after moving to Beijing, they began regular expeditions into the Chinese countryside to seek out some of the remaining ancient wooden structures, surviving examples of the architecture Mr. Liang detailed in his book.

[9] Their explorations ended when Japanese forces invaded China in 1937.In 1940 the extended Liang family7extendedfamily大家庭（幾代同堂的家庭）。,now with a young daughter and a son,relocated8relocate重新安置。to a cottage they built in a village near Kunming in southern China. Lin’s tuberculosis got worse, and the straitened9straitened貧困的。circumstances of wartime made life all but intolerable.

[7]林徽因年輕時有幾個追求者，其中就有詩人徐志摩。但她于1928年在加拿大嫁給了梁思成，當(dāng)時他們已經(jīng)畢業(yè)，正在旅行途中。在歐洲逗留幾個月后，這對夫婦回到中國?；貒?，梁思成和幾位畢業(yè)于賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的中國同事在沈陽創(chuàng)辦了東北大學(xué)建筑系，這是中國第二個專門研究建筑的機構(gòu)。后來他將自己20世紀(jì)30年代以來的學(xué)術(shù)著作和講座內(nèi)容結(jié)集出版為《中國建筑史》，這是這一領(lǐng)域難得的綜合性著作。

[8] 20世紀(jì)30年代早期，林徽因和梁思成搬到北京后，開始經(jīng)常到中國鄉(xiāng)村考察，搜尋古代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑遺跡。梁思成在他的書里詳細記載了這些幸存下來的建筑。

[9] 1937年，日軍入侵中國后，他們的考察工作停止了。1940年，梁家搬到中國南部昆明附近的一個村莊，那時他們已經(jīng)有了一雙年幼的兒女，一家人住在自建的平房里。林徽因的肺結(jié)核病情加重，加上戰(zhàn)爭時期經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)，他們的生活非常艱難。

[10] During the war they used their copious notes, photographs and drawings to continue writing about architecture. When the war ended Liang became a visiting professor at Yale and China’s representative to the committee that designed the United Nations building in Manhattan in 1949. Lin, burdened by caring for her family and by illness,remained in China.

Lin’s health worsened, and she died of tuberculosis on April 1, 1955, at 51.

[11] Liang, who had returned to China to care for her, continued to work and teach and eventually remarried. He died on Jan. 9, 1972, at 70.

[12] The work of Liang and Lin lived on, with the help of Fairbank and Liang’s second wife, Lin Zhu. Decades after Liang’s death10梁思成于1972年去世，1980年費慰梅幾經(jīng)周折找到手繪圖和照片，1984年出版英文版《圖像中國建筑史》。故此處譯為“梁思成去世多年后”。, they tracked down his lost drawings and photographs.Fairbank combined them with his written work to create “A Pictorial History of Chinese Architecture,” which was published in 1984. It is an in-depth look at Chinese architecture, documenting many buildings that no longer stand.

[10]戰(zhàn)爭期間，他們根據(jù)大量的筆記、照片和手繪圖繼續(xù)撰寫建筑方面的文章。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，梁思成赴耶魯大學(xué)任客座教授，并在1949年作為中國代表在曼哈頓聯(lián)合國總部大廈設(shè)計委員會中擔(dān)任顧問。林徽因則因為要照顧家庭，并為疾病所累，一直留在中國。

后來林徽因健康狀況惡化，于1955年4月1日因肺結(jié)核病去世，終年51歲。

[11]那時候，為了照顧林徽因，梁思成返回了中國。之后繼續(xù)工作和教學(xué)，后來再婚。1972年1月9日，梁思成去世，終年70歲。

[12]多虧了費慰梅和梁思成的第二任妻子林洙的努力，梁思成和林徽因的工作成果得以留存于世。梁思成去世多年后，她們找到了遺失的手繪圖和照片。費慰梅將這些資料和他的文稿合璧，于1984年出版了《圖像中國建筑史》。這部著作是關(guān)于中國建筑的深度研究，記載了很多已經(jīng)消失的建筑。

[13] Lin’s niece, the architect and artist Maya Lin, who is known for making the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, told Smithsonian Magazine in 2017 that “most people in China know more about Liang and Lin’s personalities and love lives than their work.”

“But from an architectural point of view, they are hugely important,” she continued. “If it weren’t for them, we would have no record of so many ancient Chinese styles, which simply disappeared.” ■

[13]建筑師和藝術(shù)家林瓔是林徽因的侄女，她因設(shè)計華盛頓的越戰(zhàn)紀(jì)念碑而聞名。2017年，林瓔對《史密森尼雜志》的記者說：“在中國，很多人對梁思成和林徽因的品格和愛情生活的了解超過了對他們工作的了解?！?/p>

“但從建筑學(xué)的角度來講，他們的地位是極其重要的?！彼^續(xù)說，“如果沒有他們，這么多中國古代建筑風(fēng)格會就此消失而留不下任何記錄。” □