伍偉 何東初
【摘 要】目的:觀察中藥熏蒸聯(lián)合常規(guī)西藥治療強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎的臨床療效。方法:將60例強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎患者隨機(jī)分為治療組和對照組,每組30例。對照組給予口服洛索洛芬鈉片,每次60 mg,每日3次;柳氮磺吡啶腸溶片每次1 g,每日2次。治療組在對照組治療基礎(chǔ)上給予中藥熏蒸治療。觀察2組患者中醫(yī)證候療效,治療第2,6,10周ASAS20、ASAS40、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎疾病活動(dòng)指數(shù)(BASDAI)、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎測量指數(shù)(BASMI)指標(biāo)變化。結(jié)果:治療組臨床緩解2例,顯效12例,有效16例,無效0例,總有效率為100%;對照組臨床緩解0例,顯效7例,有效18例,無效5例,總有效率為83.33%。2組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。治療第2周,2組患者ASAS20、ASAS40、BASDAI、BASMI均較治療前好轉(zhuǎn),BASMI改善方面組間比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01);余項(xiàng)比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05)。治療第6,10周,2組患者上述指標(biāo)均較前好轉(zhuǎn);組間比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)。治療后,治療組腰骶疼痛、脊背疼痛、腰脊活動(dòng)受限、晨僵、畏寒喜暖方面較治療前明顯改善(P < 0.01);對照組除畏寒喜暖指標(biāo)外,其他指標(biāo)也較治療前明顯改善(P < 0.01)。上述所有指標(biāo)組間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01)。結(jié)論:中藥熏蒸聯(lián)合常規(guī)西藥治療強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎,在一定程度上可改善患者臨床癥狀,值得臨床進(jìn)一步運(yùn)用。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 脊柱炎,強(qiáng)直性;中藥;熏蒸;臨床療效
Clinical Observation on 30 Cases of Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated by TCM Fumigation Combined with Conventional Western Medicine
WU Wei,HE Dong-chu
【ABSTRACT】Objective:To observe the clinical effect of TCM fumigation combined with conventional western medicine on ankylosing spondylitis.Methods:Sixty cases of ankylosing spondylitis were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was given loxoprofen sodium tablets,60 mg each time and three times a day;and sulfasalazine,1 g each time and twice a day.The treatment group was treated with TCM fumigation based on the treatment for the control group.The clinical effect of the two groups was observed.At the 2nd,6th and 10th weeks,the changes of ASAS20,ASAS40,BASDAI,and BASMI were observed.Results:In the treatment group,2 cases were relieved,12 cases were markedly effective,
16 cases were effective,there were no cases ineffective,and the total effective rate was 100%;in the control group,there were no cases of clinical remission,7 cases were markedly effective,18 cases were effective,5 cases were ineffective,and the total effective rate was 83.33%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).At the 2nd weeks of treatment,ASAS20,ASAS40,BASDAI and BASMI in the two groups were all improved compared with those before treatment.There was statistical significance in the improvement of BASMI between the two groups(P < 0.01),and there was no statistical significance in the rest(P > 0.05).At the 6th and 10th weeks of treatment,the above indicators in the two groups were all improved compared with those before treatment;and there was statistical significance in the difference between the two groups(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).
3.1 2組患者中醫(yī)證候療效比較 治療組總有效率為100%,對照組總有效率為83.33%,2組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Z = -2.535,P = 0.011 < 0.05)。見表1。
3.2 2組患者治療各時(shí)間點(diǎn)ASAS20、ASAS40、BASDAI、BASMI比較 治療2周,2組患者ASAS20、ASAS40、BASDAI、BASMI均較前好轉(zhuǎn);BASMI改善方面組間比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01),余項(xiàng)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05)。治療6,10周結(jié)束時(shí),2組患者上述指標(biāo)均較前好轉(zhuǎn);組間比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)。見表2、表3。
3.3 2組患者治療前后中醫(yī)證候積分比較 治療后,治療組腰骶疼痛、脊背疼痛、腰脊活動(dòng)受限、晨僵、畏寒喜暖方面較治療前明顯改善(P < 0.01),對照組除畏寒喜暖指標(biāo)外,其他指標(biāo)也較治療前明顯改善(P < 0.01);上述所有指標(biāo)組間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01)。見表4。
3.4 不良反應(yīng) 2組患者未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯不良反應(yīng)。
4 討 論
AS屬中醫(yī)學(xué)“痹證”范疇,《中醫(yī)病癥治法術(shù)語》將其歸屬為“脊痹”,古人稱為“龜背風(fēng)”“竹節(jié)風(fēng)”。其內(nèi)因?yàn)槟I虛督空,外因?yàn)轱L(fēng)、寒、濕、熱合而為病,筋脈痹阻而疼痛。AS臨床可見腰背疼痛、晨僵、頸腰部活動(dòng)受限、髖部疼痛等,久病則腰背強(qiáng)直[5]。中藥湯劑在治療AS方面療效確切,可以下調(diào)外周血Th1細(xì)胞,提升Th2細(xì)胞;下調(diào)白細(xì)胞介素-18 mRNA、γ干擾素 mRNA、腫瘤壞死因子-α水平;通過Fas途徑增加Fas、FasL的表達(dá),減少B淋巴細(xì)胞瘤-2的表達(dá);抑制成纖維細(xì)胞增殖及影響RANKL/RANK/OPG系統(tǒng)等機(jī)制發(fā)揮治療作用[6-11]。
中藥熏蒸為中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)療法,其功能包括調(diào)和腠理、脈絡(luò)、氣血[2,12]。西醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為,熏蒸可使藥物蒸氣中的有效成分以離子狀態(tài)滲入肌膚,直達(dá)病所,發(fā)揮治療作用;熏蒸時(shí)其溫?zé)嶙饔每筛纳茩C(jī)體循環(huán)、代謝,舒緩局部肌肉,調(diào)節(jié)神經(jīng),同時(shí)有助藥物有效成分的快速吸收[13-14];還可減輕炎癥、代謝產(chǎn)物的堆積,促進(jìn)組織恢復(fù)[15-16];活躍網(wǎng)內(nèi)皮狀系統(tǒng)的吞噬功能,增加細(xì)胞的通透性[12]。焦樹德[17]以補(bǔ)腎祛寒、強(qiáng)督助陽為主,輔以化濕疏風(fēng)、養(yǎng)肝柔筋治療AS,取得較好療效。本方具有補(bǔ)腎強(qiáng)督、溫陽除濕、通絡(luò)止痛功效,方中制附片補(bǔ)火助陽,散寒除濕;杜仲、牛膝、徐長卿、獨(dú)活、桑寄生祛風(fēng)濕,補(bǔ)肝腎,強(qiáng)筋骨;當(dāng)歸、川芎、炒赤芍活血通絡(luò)?,F(xiàn)代研究發(fā)現(xiàn),牛膝、赤芍、當(dāng)歸具有解除炎癥過程紅、腫、熱、痛癥狀的作用,當(dāng)歸、川芎還有調(diào)節(jié)免疫作用[18]。上述藥物配合熏蒸作用,使藥效快速直達(dá)病所發(fā)揮作用。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,常規(guī)西藥聯(lián)合中藥熏蒸治療AS療效確切,患者在ASAS20、ASAS40、BASDAI、BASMI、中醫(yī)證候療效方面明顯改善,在中醫(yī)癥狀腰骶疼痛、脊背疼痛、腰脊活動(dòng)受限、晨僵、畏寒喜暖方面改善明顯,治療組優(yōu)于對照組。在畏寒喜暖癥狀改善上對照組給予單純西藥治療無明顯改善,而配合中藥熏蒸的治療組則改善顯著,且無明顯不良反應(yīng)。說明在西藥治療基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合中藥熏蒸治療AS能取得較好療效,且可有效改善患者癥狀,值得臨床運(yùn)用。
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收稿日期:2019-07-25;修回日期:2019-10-05