徐曉豐
[摘要] 目的 探討精神分裂癥合并糖尿病患者臨床護(hù)理當(dāng)中應(yīng)用健康教育的整體效果以及對(duì)其生存質(zhì)量的影響。方法 選擇2017年5月—2018年5月接收的72例患者納入該次研究,按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法的方式將其分成兩組,分別為參照組(36例,臨床常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù))與實(shí)驗(yàn)組(36例,在此基礎(chǔ)之上接受健康教育干預(yù))。對(duì)比兩組患者護(hù)理前后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、生存質(zhì)量評(píng)分。結(jié)果 護(hù)理前兩組患者各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對(duì)比均差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),護(hù)理后實(shí)驗(yàn)組空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖等均低于參照組,其生存質(zhì)量各項(xiàng)評(píng)分均高于參照組,組間數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 針對(duì)精神分裂癥合并糖尿病患者,給予開(kāi)展健康教育,可全面穩(wěn)定患者臨床癥狀,改善其生存質(zhì)量。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 糖尿病;健康教育;生存質(zhì)量;合并疾病;精神分裂癥;護(hù)理效果
[中圖分類號(hào)] R47????????? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A????????? [文章編號(hào)] 1672-4062(2019)02(b)-0170-02
Effect of Health Education on Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus and Evaluation of Its Application Effect
XU Xiao-feng
Xiamen Xianyue Hospital Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361000 China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the overall effect of applying health education and its impact on quality of life in clinical nursing of patients with schizophrenia and diabetes. Methods 72 patients who were admitted between May 2017 and May 2018 were enrolled in the study. They were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, which were the reference group (36 cases, clinical routine nursing intervention) and experimental group (36 cases, on the basis of receiving health education intervention). The fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05). After treatment, the fasting blood glucose and the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the experimental group were lower than the control group, and the quality of life scores were higher than the reference group. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Health education for patients with schizophrenia and diabetes can fully stabilize the clinical symptoms of patients and improve their quality of life.
[Key words] Diabetes; Health education; Quality of life; Combined disease; Schizophrenia; Nursing effect
精神分裂癥患者由于自身自控能力較差,長(zhǎng)期的高血糖癥狀,極易加重其病情[1]。該次研究?jī)?nèi)容旨在探討精神分裂癥合并糖尿病患者護(hù)理中應(yīng)用健康教育方案的應(yīng)用效果,分析2017年5月—2018年5月間該院收治的72例患者的臨床資料,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1? 資料與方法
1.1? 一般資料
經(jīng)該次72例患者以及家屬知情后開(kāi)展此次研究,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將該次接收的72例患者均分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組(36例)、參照組(36例)。
實(shí)驗(yàn)組年齡:39~64歲,(52.49±3.27)周歲為平均年齡;病程時(shí)間:2~9年,平均病程時(shí)間為(5.35±0.75)年;參照組年齡:40~65歲,(52.52±3.29)周歲為平均年齡;病程時(shí)間:2~10年,平均病程時(shí)間為(5.39±0.77)年。觀察組和參照組年齡、病程時(shí)間等一般資料經(jīng)對(duì)比差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),可進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
1.2? 方法
參照組的36例患者給予臨床飲食護(hù)理與遵醫(yī)囑用藥,對(duì)其日常作息習(xí)慣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié),告知患者保持適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)等臨床常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)[2];實(shí)驗(yàn)組在此基礎(chǔ)之上接受健康教育,可分為以下幾點(diǎn):①主動(dòng)與患者進(jìn)行交流,對(duì)其每日需要攝入的營(yíng)養(yǎng)制定詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃,逐漸與其滲透相關(guān)飲食療法對(duì)改善疾病的好處;②護(hù)理工作人員需每日定時(shí)對(duì)患者血糖等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測(cè),對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面記錄,餐前給予注射胰島素,給予患者進(jìn)行皮膚護(hù)理,對(duì)其講解相關(guān)護(hù)理干預(yù)的價(jià)值[3-4];③對(duì)患者以及家屬講解疾病相關(guān)知識(shí),對(duì)其發(fā)病因素、臨床癥狀、治療方案等相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行闡述,可采取講座的方式,主動(dòng)與其家屬進(jìn)行溝通,從而全面獲取家屬的支持;④很多患者由于長(zhǎng)期疾病的影響,極易出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重不良情緒,此時(shí)護(hù)理工作人員需根據(jù)臨床心理學(xué)知識(shí),給予開(kāi)展相關(guān)心理疏導(dǎo),從而全面提高臨床依從性,促進(jìn)患者病情恢復(fù)。
1.3? 評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)
對(duì)比兩組患者護(hù)理前后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、生存質(zhì)量評(píng)分。生存評(píng)分采用徐良雄等人研究中[5]采用的生存質(zhì)量測(cè)定量表簡(jiǎn)表(QOL-BREF)評(píng)分,100分滿,其中包括心理狀態(tài)與生理狀態(tài),每項(xiàng)50分,分?jǐn)?shù)越高表明患者改善情況越好。
1.4? 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法
采用SPSS 19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)量資料采用(x±s)表示,進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2? 結(jié)果
兩組患者護(hù)理前各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對(duì)比均差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),護(hù)理后實(shí)驗(yàn)組空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均低于參照組,數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表1;實(shí)驗(yàn)組與參照組護(hù)理前生存質(zhì)量評(píng)分比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),護(hù)理后實(shí)驗(yàn)組各項(xiàng)評(píng)分均高于參照組,數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表2。
3? 討論
臨床精神分裂癥患者由于自身精神狀態(tài)較差,自身自控能力弱,對(duì)藥物治療無(wú)法全面配合,加之患有糖尿病癥狀,該種長(zhǎng)期的高血糖癥狀,屬于一種無(wú)法治愈的代謝綜合病癥。患者長(zhǎng)期的血糖控制情況無(wú)法進(jìn)行,不僅可導(dǎo)致其發(fā)生多種慢性疾病,還極易加重臨床癥狀[6]。臨床開(kāi)展健康教育,可全面使患者從內(nèi)容接納自己,接納自身疾病,對(duì)其臨床疾病預(yù)防以及控制具有重要幫助,并且該種干預(yù)措施可使患者全面建立良好的自身生存習(xí)慣,使其臨床治療以及護(hù)理能夠積極配合,對(duì)改善患者生存質(zhì)量具有顯著效果[7-8]。
綜上所述,針對(duì)精神分裂癥合并糖尿病患者,在其臨床常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)的基礎(chǔ)之上給予實(shí)施健康教育,可全面改善患者生存質(zhì)量,對(duì)穩(wěn)定患者臨床各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)也具有重要價(jià)值。
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